1.

A Hero
Answer the following in two -three sentences (2 marks questions)
1) Swami’s father drew his attention to a report in the newspaper. What was
the report about?
Ans:The newspaper report was about the bravery of a village lad who while
returning home from a jungle fought with a tiger. He stayed half a day on the tree
till some people came and killed the tiger.
2) What was swami’s comment on the newspaper report? How did his view differ
from that of hisfather?
Ans: Swami commented that the boy cannot kill the tiger and he must be a grown up
person. ButSwami’s father commented that anyone who has courage can do anything if
he has courage and strength and age are not important.
3) What desperate attempts did Swami make to escape from his father?
1. He tried to change the subject by asking his father to join the cricket club.
2. He requested his father to allow him to sleep in the office room from the first of next
month.
3. He went silently and pretended like sleeping beside his granny.
4. When he was following his father to office room he looked at his mother and granny.
5. He told his father that there were scorpions behind the law books in the office room.
4) As silence deepened in the room, what was Swami reminded of?
Ans: As silence deepened in the room Swami reminded the stories of devils and ghosts
he had heard in his life. For example His Chum Mani had seen the devil in the banyan
tree at his street end and the poor Muniswami’s father spat out blood when the devil
slapped him near the river.
5) Why did Swami feel that his father’s proposition was frightful?
Ans: Swami thought his proposition was frightful. Because he always slept beside his
granny in the passage, and any change in this arrangement kept him awake all the night.
6) There was absolute silence in the room. in spite of it, some noises reached
Swami’s ears. What were they?
Ans: ln silence in the office room Swami heard some noises -the tickling off the clock,
rustling of trees, snoring sound, humming sound of vague.
7) How was Swami honored by his classmates, teacher and the headmaster?
Ans: His classmates looked at him with respect, and his teacher patted his back. The
headmaster said that he was a true scout.
8) Why were congratulations showered on Swami the next day?
Ans: Congratulations were showered on Swami the next day because he had bitten deep
into the notorious house breaker of the district and helped the police.
9) Why did father want Swami to sleep alone in the office room?
Ans: Father wanted Swami to sleep alone in the office room because he wanted Swami
to sleep alone in the office room to show his courage. He also wanted Swami to stop
sleeping beside his granny like a baby and develop courage good habit.
10) Why did Swami feel relieved at the end?
Ans: Swami felt relieved at the end because his father gave up the idea of making him
sleep alone in the office room thereafter.
11) Do you think Swami really wanted to join the police? lf not, what did he want
to be?
Ans: Swami did not want to join the police. He wanted to be an engine driver, a railway
guard, or a bus conductor later in life.
EXTRACTS ( 3 marks )
1) “I think he must have been a very strong and grown-up person, not a boy at all.
How could a boy fight a tiger?”
a) Who is the speaker? /Who said this? Ans: Swami
b) What does the speaker mean by this statement? Ans: The speaker means that the
news paper report was wrong as the boy cannot fight a tiger and he must have been a
grown up person.
c) What do you understand about speaker? Ans: The speaker means that he believes
that strength and age are important
2) “How can it be father? Suppose I have all the courage what could I do if a tiger
should attack me?”
a) Who is the speaker? /Who asked this? Ans: Swami
b) Why did the speaker say so?Ans: The speaker means that he believes that strength
and age are important.
C)How did the response affect him? Ans: His father challenged him to sleep alone in the
office room to show his courage
3) “Leave alone strength, can you prove that you have courage? Let me see if you
can sleep alone tonight in my office room?”
a) Who posed this challenge? Ans: Swami’s Father.
b) Did he accept the challenge? Ans: No, He did not accept the challenge.
c) Why didn’t Swami accept? Ans:It was a frightful proposition for him.
4) “From the first of the next month, I’ll sleep alone father.”
a) Who wanted to sleep alone? Ans: Swami wanted to sleep alone.
b) Why did he request his father to allow him sleep alone from the first of next month?
Ans: He requested his father to allow him to sleep from the first of next month only to
escape from his father.
5) “No, you must do it now, it is disgraceful sleeping beside his granny or mother
like a baby. Youare in the second form and I don’t like the way you are being
brought up”
a) Who commanded like this? Ans: Swami’s father commanded Swami like this.
b) What is shameful here? Ans: Swami slept beside his granny or mother like a baby.
c) Why did the speaker make the statement? Ans- He wanted his son to be more
courageous
6) “Please, please shut up granny. Don’t talk to me, and don’t let anyone call me
even if the house is on fire. If I don’t sleep at once, perhaps I shall die.”
a) Who requested like this? Ans: Swami requested his granny.
b) Did swami success in his effort? Ans – No
c) Why did he request so? Ans: Because he wanted to escape from his father by just
pretending to be asleep.
7) “Let me sleep in the hall, Father, Your office room is very dusty and there may
be scorpions behind your law books”
a) Who wanted to sleep in the hall? Ans: Swami wanted to sleep in the hall.
b) Why did the speaker complain that there were scorpions in the office room?
Ans: No, There were no scorpions actually. It was just a trick to escape from his father.
c) Why did father want him to sleep in the office room? Ans: to make him courageous
boy.
8) “I’ll make you the laughing stock of your school.”
a) Who is the speaker? Ans: Swami’s Father
b) Who wanted to make him the laughing stock of his school?
Ans: Swami’s father wanted to make Swami the laughing stock of his school.
C) Why did speaker tell like that? Ans-Because Swami used to sleep beside his granny
like a baby.
He wanted him to be courageous
9) Congratulations were showered on him the next day.
a) Who was congratulated? Ans: Swami was congratulated
b) How was speaker congratulated?
Ans- headmaster fatted his back and police invited to join police department
c) Why were congratulations showered? Ans: He had bitten deep into one of the
notorious house
breakers of the district and helped the police
10) “Aiyo! Something has bitten me"
a) Who cried “Aiyo! Something has bitten me”? Ans : The burglar cried.
b) Why caused him to make an agonized cry? Ans: As he entered the office room swami
saw him and
managed to catch his leg and bite with his teeth.
c.-when did he make agonized cry? Ans- when the burglar try to enter the office room
through the
window Swami caught his leg and bit him
11) "No, you must learn not to be afraid of darkness. It is only a question of habit.
You must cultivate good habits.”
a) Who was afraid of darkness? Ans: Swami was afraid of darkness.
b) What was the good habit according to the speaker? Ans: Having Courage and bravery
c) Why did speaker suggest so? Ans: Because swami had the habit of sleeping beside his
granny like a
baby. He wanted him to get courage.
IV. Answer each of the following questions in a paragraph of 8-10 sentences
1. A report about a boy in the newspaper was an unexpected event in Swami’s
life. Justify.
 Ans: The newspaper carried a report about a village lad who had fought bravely
against a tiger, while he was returning home by the jungle path. Swami argued
that a boy could not fight a tiger; it had to be a strong, grown-up person. His
father disagreed saying that courage was more important. Swami was not ready
toaccept this. His father then challenged him to show his courage by sleeping
alone in the office that night. While Swami was sleeping there, he saw a dark
figure. Believing it to be the devil. Swami dug his teeth into its leg. It turned out to
be a notorious burglar whose loud cry brought others to the scene.The burglar
was caught and Swami became a hero over night.
2. What desperate attempts did Swami make to escape from his father? Ans:
Swami’s father
challenged him to sleep alone in the office room that night. Swami was filled with fear
and tried desperately to make his father change his mind. He told his father that he
would sleep alone from the first of the next month. But his father did not agree. Swami
then went to sleep near his granny, pulled the blanket over his face and pretended to be
fast asleep. However, his father soon came there and pulled him out of bed. Swami tried
to appeal to his mother and granny but not successful. Then Swami
told his father that office room was dusty and scorpions were there. Swami’s father
didn’t leave him but made him sleep in the office room.
3. Narrate Swami’s dreadful experience when he was lying under the bench.
Ans: Swami crept under the bench, shut his eyes light and covered himself with the
blanket. Soon he fell asleep. He began to have a nightmare that a tiger was chasing him.
He tried to escape. He groaned in despair. He put his hand out to feel his granny’s
presence, but he touched wooden leg of the bench. He moved to the edge of the bench
and thought that the devil would pull him out and tear him as it
came nearer, he crawled, hugged and used his teeth on it like a mortal weapon. Swami
had a dreadful experience under the bench.
4. Narrate how a coward boy Swami became a hero overnight?
Ans: Swami inevitably had to sleep in the office room. He spent that tight with the fear
of the devils andthe nightmares. Then He saw something moving in darkness. He
thought that his end had come and the devil had come to carry him away. Finally as an
attempt for survival he hugged it with all his might,
and used his teeth as mortal weapon on it. It was not the devil but the burglar who cried
with agony and fell amidst the furniture with a bleeding ankle. The notorious house
breaker of the district was arrested by the police. The police were grateful to him. His
classmates looked upon him with respect, his teacher
patted him and his headmaster appreciated that he was a true scout. Thus unknowingly
Swami became a
‘hero’ overnight.

• GRANDMA CLIMBS A TREE

• Ruskin Bond calls his grandmother genius
• She could climb any type of trees even at the age of 62
• She learnt it from her brother at the age of 6
• Her neighbours wanted her to live gracefully, but she was ready to live
disgracefully.
• One day she climbed a tree, got struck and could not come down
• Then she was rescued with great difficulty.
• The doctor advised her bed rest for a week.
• The moment she felt strong, demanded her son a house on the tree top.
• Her wish was fulfilled and then lived like a queen there.
. Often the poet also enjoyed her company drinking sherry.

2. THERE’s A GIRL BY THE TRACKS!...

Extracts:
1.“There’s a girl by the tracks!”
a) Who is the speaker? Ans: traveler’s voice
b. Who is the ‘girl’ referred here? Ans: Roma Talreja
c. Why was she by the tracks?
2.Let’s go and help her.
Ans: she was pulled down from train
a. What happened there? Ans: There was a girl by the tracks.
b. Why did they have to help? Ans: She had fallen from the train.
C who should go there? Ans: People of the train
3. “Take girl to Airoli”, suggested the cop, “there’s a hospital there”. But Baleshwar
disagreed. A)
Who is the girl here? Ans: Roma Talreja.
B) Why did Baleshwar disagree to his suggestion?
Ans: Because Airoli was at least 10 kilometers away and he knew a nearer hospital than
that.
She needed treatment immediately.
c) What did he do then? Ans:He took her to a nearby hospital to give first aid
4. “Oh, I couldn’t thank him,”
A) Who was not thanked? Ans: Baleshwar Mishra could not thank
B) Why should he thank him?
Ans: Because the tempo-truck driver helped Baleshwar to take Roma Talreja to the
hospital when
nobody was ready to help him. He did all the necessary help to rescue Roma.
C) Why couldn’t he thank him?
Ans: Because the tempo-truck driver slipped from the hospital having done all he could.
5. “I think it’s astonishing that a stranger would jump off a train and risk his life
for me. I can never
repay Baleshwar”.
A) Who is the stranger here? Ans: Baleshwar Mishra B) What was astonishing for the
speaker? Ans
: The stranger Baleshwar Jumped off a moving train and risked his life for Roma Talreja.
This was astonishing for Roma.
C) Why couldn’t she repay him? Ans: Because if Baleshwar had not rescued her in time,
she would have bled to death on the tracks alone.
6. I can’t imagine what would have happened if Baleshwar hadn’t been there.
a) Why was Baleshwar there? Ans: to help Roma
b) When was this statement made? Ans: When she was recoved and knowing about
help
c) What would have happened if he had not come there?.
Ans: If Baleshwar had not come forward to help Roma, She would have bled to death.
7. “I hope I am not too late”
A) Who do I refer here? Ans : Baleshwar
B) Why did he hope so? Ans : He knew she was hurt badly and hoped he could help her
C). What did he do? Ans.: He carried her to the roadside and shifted her to the nearby
hospital.
8. “Chacha, can I borrow your mobile?”
a) Who wanted the mobile? Ans. Baleshwar b Who is the chacha here ? Ans- Truck
driver
c. Why did he want the mobile? Ans : To inform Roma’s brother, Dinesh about her
accident.
9. “It’s a regular scene”
A) Which is the regular scene referred here?
Ans: The people swarming into the train and getting down hurriedly in populated
Metropolis. B)
Where can one find this regular scene? Ans : In populated Metropolis.
c) Do you think is this necessary? If not, why? Ans: No, It is not necessary. Because if the
people rush
like that the children, women or aged or handicapped may fall down the tracks.
10. “There is a girl by the tracks” the voices cried out”.
A) Who is the girl mentioned here? Ans: Roma Talreja is the girl referred here.
B) Whose voices were these? Ans: These were the voices of the people in the opposite
train.
C) Why did the voices cry out?
Ans: The people saw Roma Talreja falling from the train on the tracks.
11. “His heart hammering his chest, Baleshwar shoved off the still- moving train”.
A) Why was his
heart hammering his chest?
Ans: Because he saw Roma Talreja on the tracks. But nobody came forward to help her.
B) Why did he shove off the train? Ans: Because he saw if anybody was ready to help
her. But
nobody came forward .So he volunteered to help her.
c) “His heart hammering his chest”. What does it tell about him? Ans-
He was filled with fear for the girl who was on the track.
12. Please help me take her to a hospital
a) Who is the speaker? Ans.: Baleshwar Mishra.
b) Who does ‘her’ refer to? Ans.: Roma Talreja
c) Why did he take her to the hospital? Ans.: She was unconscious due to the fall and
badly hurt. So he
took her to the hospital.
13. “I can never repay Baleshwar”
a) Who is Baleshwar? Ans : Baleshwar is a young man who helped Roma.
b) Why can’t she repay? Ans: He has done a great deed. He saved her life from dying.
c) Why should he have thanked? Ans: helped him to take her to the hospital.
14. “My sister is injured, Please help me take her to a hospital, But no one
stopped”
a) Who does ‘sister’ refer to here? Ans: ‘sister’ refers to Roma Talreja
b) Who requested here so? Ans : Baleshwar Mishra
c) Who does ‘no one’ refers to here? Ans: ‘No one’ refers to the motorists on the road.
d) Why was she taken to a hospital? What happened to her?
Ans: She fell down on the tracks and seriously injured. So Baleshwar took her in his
hands and
requested the motorists to help him to take her to the hospital.
15. “Behanjiaaptheekhai?”
a) Who does behanji refer to here? Ans : Behanji refers to Roma Talreja.
b) Who is the speaker? Ans.: Baleswar
c) Why was there no response? Ans: Because Roma was injured seriously and fell on the
tracks
unconsciously.
d) How did he help her? Ans: He took her to nearby hospital where she got first aid and
shifted to
bigger hospital due to lack of facility there
16. “There’s a closer place I know of,”
a) Who is the speaker of the above statement? Ans:Baleshwar
b) Why did he choose that place? Ans: Because the girl needed the treatment
immediately. (c) What
happened after going to that place? Ans: The on-duty physician could only give the basic
first aid to
Roma as the facility lacked personnel and equipment
2. QUALITY OF MERCY
Answer the following in 2 or 3 sentences each:
1. Mercy is compared to gentle rain from heaven. How is this comparison apt?
Ans: As the gentle rain falls on the earth, so also when mercy is shown it blesses the
giver and the taker and given comfort.
2. The speaker compares the power of the king with the power of mercy, saying
that mercy is the
mightiest of the mightiest. How does she justify this?
Ans: The king who has sceptre in his hand evokes a feeling of fear in the minds of others
but the king who has a feeling of mercy in his heart possesses divine quality of mercy.
3. The poem ‘Quality of Mercy’ has fourteen lines. But it is not a sonnet. Justify the
statement. Ans:
This poem consists of fourteen lines but it is not a sonnet as there is no rhyme, scheme
in the poem. In other words there aren’t three quatrains and a couple.

3. GENTLE MAN of RIO EN MEDIO

Extracts:
1) “It took months of negotiation to come to an understanding with the old man”
a) Who is the old man referred here? Ans- Don Anselmo
B) What was the negotiation about? Ans.: The negotiation was about the selling of
the old man’s land.
c. Why do you think it took months to come to an understanding?
Ans.: It took months to come to an understanding because the old man was in no
hurry to sell
2. “We have made a discovery”
a) Who is we referred here? Ans- Americans
b) What did they discover? Ans: They discovered that Don Anselmo owns more
than eight acres of land
c) What was the result of the discovery?
Ans: As a result, they offered Don Anselmo double the price of what they had
quoted earlier
 3. “These Americans are Buena gente”
a) What is the meaning of Buena gente according
to the context? Ans: Buena gente means good
people.
b) Why did the speaker called Americans Buena gente? Ans.: The
speaker called Americans Buena gente because after the survey, they did
not cheat Don Anselmo and were ready to pay twice the money they had
quoted earlier for the additional land. c. Who is the speaker?
Ans : Narrator
4. He said, “I do not like to have you speak to me in that manner”
a)who is I? Ans - Don Anselmo
b)What is the mood of the speaker? Ans.: The speaker felt that he was being
insulted.
c)What made him to react so? Ans.: He said these words when the Americans
offered him twice the money they had quoted earlier for his land.
5. I have agreed to sell my house and land for twelve hundred dollars and that is the
price?”
a) When did the speaker say this? Ans: The old man said this when the
Americans offered him double the price that had been quoted earlier for his
land. b. What does this statement tell about the speaker? Ans.his statement tells
that the speaker was not greedy and he was a man of principles. c.
Why did speaker agree to sell Americans? Ans : They were Good People
6. “I did not sell them the trees in the Orchard”.
a) Why didn’t he sell the trees in the orchard?
Ans.: According to Don Anselmo he didn’t sell the trees because the trees
belong to the children of Rio-en-Medio
b) How did Don Anselmo defend his statement?
Ans: Don Anselmo defended that when a child was born in the village, a
tree was planted and so the trees belonged to the children of the village.
c. Was Don Anselmo right in saying this? Ans: Yes.
7. “He lived up in Rio en Medio where his ancestors lived. He tilled the same land they
had tilled”
a) Who does “he” and “they” refer to?
Ans: “He” refers to the old man, Anselmo. “They” refers to
His ancestors. b. What does the statement convey?
Ans: The statement conveys that Anselmo was the oldest man in the village,
Rio en Medio. c. What was the profession of the Old man? Ans- Former
8. “The trees in that Orchard are not mine”.
a) According to Don Anselmo, who did the
trees belong to? Ans.: the tree belonged to the
children of Rio-en-Medio.
 b) Why did he feel so? Ans.: He felt so because every time a child was born in
the village, he had planted a tree for that child.
c) When did speaker make the statement?
Ans- When Americans complained about the children’s disturbances in the orchard
9. “It took months of negotiation to come to an understanding with the old man. He
was in no hurry. What, he had the most of was time”.
A) Who is the old man here? Ans : Don Anselmo
B) Who did the old man negotiated with? Ans: The old man negotiated with the
Americans.
C) What were the terms of negotiation? Ans: The old man had agreed to sell his
house and land to the Americans for twelve hundred dollars. d) Why did the
negotiation take long time?
Ans: Because the old man had a lot time and he was in no hurry.
10. “They are good people and they are willing to pay you for the
additional land as well. You will get almost twice as much”
A) Who are the good people referred here? Ans: The Americans are referred to as
good people.
B) Why are they offering twice the amount? Ans: The Americans found that
Anselmo owned more than eight acres of land almost double of what was
mentioned in the deed. C) Did the owner accept double amount? Ans- No, he
didn’t accept
12) ‘’When you sold them you signed a document, a deed and in that deed
you agreed to several things. One such thing was that they were to have
the complete possession of the property.” A) Who sold the property? To
whom? Ans: Don Anselmo sold his property to the Americans.
B) Why could not they have the complete possession of the property?
Ans: Because the children of Rio en Medio were over running into
their orchard. C) How did they get complete possession?
Ans: They consulted every child of the village and paid read value for the each tree.
13) “I know these Americans are good people, and that is why I have agreed to sell
to them,but I do not care to be insulted price.”
a) Who is the speaker? And why does he call them good people?
Ans: Anselmo is the speaker and he calls the Americans good people as he
was a gentle man. B) What did he sell them and how much did he offer?
Ans: The old man Anselmo sold them his house and land for twelve
hundred dollars. C) Why did he feel insulted? Who insulted him?
Ans: The author and the Americans offered twice the amount as in the deed. But
Anselmo was an honest and a gentleman. He did not want more than the deed
amount.
14) “I argued with him but it was useless”.
A) Who argued with whom? Ans: The author argued with the old man Don
Anselmo.
B) What was argued with him?
Ans: He argued with him to take the extra amount for the extra land
possessed by Anselmo. C) What was the outcome?
Ans: the old men did not accept double amount he signed the document for sale.
15) “One day they came back to the office to complain. The children of the village
were overrunning their property”
A) Who complained to the office? Ans: The Americans complained to the office.
B) What was their complaint? Their complaint was that the Children of Rio
en Medio were over running their property.
C) What is the property referred here?
Ans: The property refers to the land purchased by the Americans.
16) “They are good people and want to be your good neighbor always. A) Who
spoke these words? Who are called good people here?
Ans: The author called the Americans good people.
B) Who is he speaking to? Why does he speak so? Ans: He is speaking to Anselmo.
Because he wants Anselmo to avoid the children of Rio en Medio over running
into their orchard.
C) Who are the neighbours referred here? Ans: The Americans

3. I AM THE LAND
Answer the following questions in 2-3 sentences.
1. “I wait” is repeated five times in the poem. What quality of the speaker is
highlighted with this repetition?
Ans.: Human beings are troubling the earth. They say that they own the lands
proclaim that the land is theirs. Mother earth has an ocean of patience and bears all
the cruelty committed by man.
2. Bring out the contrast between the speaker and the reader in the poem,
“I am the land”. Ans.: The speaker in the poem is land. It says that it is always
patient and bears all that is done to it.
The reader uses the land in many ways. He digs the land, grows fruits and trees and
 even fights for land.
3. What are the activities which go on over the land?
Ans.: Man buys land, digs land and plants trees, grows fruit on it. Children
dance and play on land. Man also fences and makes boundaries over the land.
4. “You cannot put a fence around the planet Earth” Is this tone of weakness or self
assertion? Give reason for your answer.
Ans.: It is a tone of self assertion. The poet mocks at those who are greedy. They
wage wars to acquire more land. The earth has given everything to us. Whatever
injustice we are doing, the earth bears everything patiently. We cannot put a fence
around the mother earth.
Read the following extracts and answer the questions given.
1. “Then someone tickles me, plant life .... fruit”
a. What does tickle mean in the context?
Ans.: According to the context tickle mean to plough the land.
b. What is the mood of the speaker in the statement? Ans: The mother earth
waits patiently when the people plough the land, plant, trees and grow fruits
2. “You come with gunsa chain link necklace chokes me now”.
a. Why do they come with guns? Ans.: The soldiers come with guns
fighting for the land. b. What is the feeling of the speaker?
Ans.: People fight with guns for the land and mother earth feels suffocated with the
action of men.
3. “You cannot put a fence Around the planet earth”
a. What is the tone of the speaker here? Ans.: It is a tone of self assertion b. Why
does it feel so?
Ans.: The speaker mocks at the people who wage wars and build fences on the land
to divide nations.
V. Answer the following question in 8-10 sentences
1.Summary OR How does the poet describe that the earth has an ocean of
patience in the poem, “I am the land”.
Ans: The poem ‘I am the land’ is written by Marina de Bellagenta. In this poem the
poet depicts the
mother earth as the speaker. Mother earth tells that she waits with patience when
people claim that the land belongs to them. They occupy the land, plough, plant
trees, grow fruits and grass. The children dance and play on the land. The land
bears everything without a complaint. The soldiers come with guns fighting for
the land. People build fences on the land to divide nations which suffocates like
chains in her neck. But mother earth mocks at the people’s behavior with a tone
of self assertion.

4. DR. B.R. AMBEDKAR

Answer the following questions(2-3 sentences)
1. Ambedkar had a great thirst for books when he was a student. Explain.
Ans.: Throughout his life Dr. Ambedkar was a voracious leader. He had an
insatiable thirst for books. He bought books by curtailing his daily needs. In New
York he purchased about 2,000 books and that they to be sent to India in 32
boxes.
2. How did the fourteenth amendment to the US Constitution and Mahatma
Phule influenceon Ambedkar?
Ans.: While in U.S.A. Ambedkar was drawn to the fourteenth amendment of the
constitution of the U.S.A. which gave freedom to the Black Americans. He was at
once the parallel of the situation for the depressed classes in India. On returning
India he was greatly influenced by the life and work of Mahatma Phule, the votary
of a classless society and women’s upliftment. This made him to devote all his time
and talents for the betterment of his underprivileged brethren.
3. There were great luminaries on the Drafting Committee Dr. Ambedkar is
remembered asthe pilot. Give reasons.
Ans: Dr. Ambedkar was the chairman of the drafting committee. He was tactful,
frank and had utmost patience. He explained clearly the meaning and scope of the
 different provisions of the Draft constitution. He explained the most complicated
legal concepts which could be easily understood even by a layman.
4. Write a short note on Dr. Ambedkar’s idea/perception of the three pillars
of state.Ans: Dr. Ambedkar had a clear idea about mutuality of the legislature,
the Executive and the judiciary. He said that the jurisdiction of each should be
clear and untrammeled. He had a sense of the importance of the sole of citizens.
5. What are the significant observations of Dr. Ambedkar on the constitution?
Ans.: The constitution is a fundamental document which defines the position and
power of the three organs of the state – the executive, the judiciary and the
legislature. It also defines the powers of the executive and legislature as against
the citizens. The other purpose of constitution to limit their authority to avoid
tyranny and oppression by the legislature and the executive.
6. Nehru chose Dr. Ambedkar as the law minister. What might have improved
Nehru to do so? Ans: Ambedkar had a great skill in law and legislation. He had
the vision of social justice. Therefore, Nehru chose him to be Law Minister of
India.
7. What made Dr. Ambedkar describe the methods of civil disobedience,
Non-cooperationand Satyagraha as the “Grammar of Anarchy”?
Ans.: According to Ambedkar, methods of civil disobedience non-cooperation and
Satyagraha are necessary in a state which is ruled by foreigners. But in a
democratic country, these methods should not be used. If used there would be loss
of lives and public property.
8. How did Dr. Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi try to wipe out caste
discrimination from India? Ans: Gandhiji reminded the higher castes their duty
towards the depressed classes. BabasahebAmbedkar did the same by reminding
them of their inherent rights to equality with the higher and more powerful castes.
One stressed the duties, the other stressed the rights.

4.THE SONG OF INDIA

Summary:

This poem is a conversation between V.K.Gokak and the Motherland.

The poet wishes to sing about the beauty of INDIA like Himalayas, oceans,
temples, industrial progress, seers and prophets.

The poet wants to present glorious picture of the past and also wishes to
paint India’s natural beauty.

The motherland wants him to sing about troubled and helpless

people,beggars,lepers, filths and strikes.

The motherland writes the destiny of our nation in the Book of Morrow.
 In this book she wants a glorious INDIA where people do not suffer and are
free from the darkness of ignorance.

2-3 sentences

1. Identify the two speakers in the poem. What does the speaker want to sing about?
Ans: the two speakers are the poet and his mother. The poet or offspring
wanted to sing about his country for his mother.
2. Who does the poet mean by ‘of your children that died to call their own?’
Ans: The soldiers who guard our mother and motherland are mother’s children
and they sacrificed their lives for the sake of their motherland. So they are her own.
3. What according to the poet is the contribution of the seers and prophets?
Ans: The seers and prophets have contributed their valuable lessons and experience
to others.
4. What are the epics? Why does the poet cal the temples as ‘epics’ in stone?’
Ans: Epics are long poem or story about the heroic deeds. In India most of the
ancient temples are built by stones and carving many historical or mythological
stories on the walls or the pillars. So the poet called the temples.
5. Explain the lines ‘A song bathed in the stainless blue un capturing in the void’.
Ans: In and the poet sang the song which is very remarkable and pure, it was
bathed in the firm melodious voice that which does not disappear into
nothingness.