Scribd
Upload
2 views

2. Topic 2 the Concept of Development

Development refers to the gradual improvement in living standards encompassing economic, social, political, cultural, and technological progress. It can be categorized into individual and national levels, with various indicators such as education, income, and living environment reflecting personal development, while national development is measured through GDP, social welfare, and governance. The document outlines dimensions of development including economic, social, political, cultural, technological, and environmental aspects.

Uploaded by

Stivin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

2. Topic 2 the Concept of Development

Development refers to the gradual improvement in living standards encompassing economic, social, political, cultural, and technological progress. It can be categorized into individual and national levels, with various indicators such as education, income, and living environment reflecting personal development, while national development is measured through GDP, social welfare, and governance. The document outlines dimensions of development including economic, social, political, cultural, technological, and environmental aspects.

Uploaded by

Stivin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

TOPIC 2

THE CONCEPT OF DEVELOPMENT

What is development?

Development: Refers to the slow changes from low stage to high stage of living
standards. Normally development include both economic and social development.
Development include both social, political, economic, cultural and technological
progress. However can therefore development include both qualitative and quantitative.

LEVELS OF DEVELOPMENT

Development can be categorized in to two levels which are:-

A. INDIVIDUAL/PERSONAL LEVEL

Individual development: This refers to the increase in personal skills, capacity of great
freedom, creativity, self discipline and material well being.

INDICTORS OF PERSONAL/INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT

Qn: Briefly outline five measures of individual develoment.

The common indicators of individuals development includes.

1. Level of education: in a developed country the level of education among individuals is


higher than people living in developing countries.

2. Diet and eating habits: Most individual persons living in developing countries do not
afford the enough balance diet due to poverty caused by low income.

3. Rate of income: Most individual person living developing countries have low income

1
Mr Said the Great 0717435890
due to the use of poor productive tools while in developed countries people are
characterized by having enough income due to the use of advanced tools in production.

4. The productive tools: In a developed countries people are normally use better tools
like tractors, combined harvesters in agriculture due to the advancement of science and
technology while in poor countries people use poor production tools.

5. Living environment: most people in developed are living in a better and safe
environment while in a developing countries people are living in poor houses and
polluted environment.

6. Energy consumption: in a developed country people their major source of energy are
such as biogas, electricity, coal fuel while in poor economic developed countries people
their major source of power is fuel wood like charcoal.

B. NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

National development: This refers to the measuring of living condition for all people in
the country.

DIMENSION/ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT

i. Economic development.

ii. Social development.

iii. Political development.

iv. Cultural development.

v. Technological development.

vi. Environmental development.

2
Mr Said the Great 0717435890
1. Economic development: This refers to the economic growth which is measured by
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and per capita income. It normally involves how people
how people, society or country how produce goods and services in the country for better
quantity and quality for consumption. Therefore under this sense the did veloped
country has high per capita income, high rate of investment, advanced technology, high
manufacturing industry and high production of goods and services.

2. Social development: is the process of improving the quality of life and welbing of
every individual in the in order to fulfill their potentials. The most notably indicators of
social development include quality food, education, health services, housing, clean and
safe water supply, population growth, and life expectancy.

3. Political development: Refers to the improvement in decision making structure and


process of citizen engagement in governance as well as effective functioning of
political institutions. It normally imply total democracy where people can have freedom
of movement, freedom of expression and right to own properties.

4. Cultural development: This refers to the constant improvement of peoples attitudes,


values knowledge and belief systems of a society. It normally referred to total life styles
followed and practiced by people in a given community. Under this context the changing
of people from negative cultural practices (lifestyles) which can hinder development to
the positive cultural practices which encourage development indicate progress.
Example of cultural practices which hinder development include: cultural practices
which limit education, prohibiting hospital services, limiting person from businesses,
prohibiting a person from eating some foods, cultural practices that undermine women
rights.

5. Technological development: This refers to the measure of tools used in production


processes in the given society. Normally the use of advance technological tools like
refrigerator, computer tractors and other sophisticated tools in production processes
indicated high development while the use of poor tools indicate low development.

3
Mr Said the Great 0717435890
6. Environmental development: This is another dimension of development which focus
on the utilization of natural resources like mineral, forest resources, water resources for
the sustainable development. Therefore sustainable use of resources indicate high
development but unsustainable use of resources indicate poor development.

NICE STUDY

4
Mr Said the Great 0717435890

You might also like