Membership Certification Standards

P4 Airline Transport Pilot License (ATPL):

Using the Member Certification Standards (MCS):
The MCS consists of ​Areas of Operation ​arranged in a logical sequence, beginning
with Preflight Preparation and ending with Postflight Procedures. Each Area of
Operation includes ​Tasks ​appropriate to that Area of Operation. Each Task begins with
an ​Objective ​stating what the applicant should know, consider, and/or do. The MCS
then lists the aeronautical knowledge, risk management, and skill elements relevant to
the specific Task, along with the conditions and standards for acceptable performance.
The MCS uses ​Notes ​to emphasize special considerations. The MCS uses the terms
"will" and "must" to convey directive (mandatory) information. The term “may” denotes
items that are recommended but not required. The coding of each Task’s elements
indicate an area that should be taught and examined or demonstrated. For example, in
Tasks such as “Appropriate airplane configuration.” (ATLP.III.A.K4), the applicant
should be prepared for questions on standard takeoff configurations for the aircraft
given various scenarios like short runways, departure end obstacles that need clarence,
high altitude departures, etc.

Each Task in the MCS is coded according to a scheme that includes four elements. For
example: ​ATPL.III.A.K4

● ATPL ​= Applicable MCS (​Airline Transport Pilot License ‒ Multi Engine Land Airplane​)
● III ​= Area of Operation (Takeoffs, Landings, and Go-Arounds)
● A ​= Task (Low Visibility Takeoff)
● K4 ​= Task Element Knowledge (Appropriate airplane configuration.)

Checkride Examination Requirements

Aircraft automation is encouraged to be used for the exam.

The checkride must be done under the live and direct observation and control of an
examiner due to the nature of the checkride and skills items that must be examined.

The examiner must have the ability to set failure parameters of an engine.

The examiner must be able to alter or verify the weather settings in the simulator.
Pilot Rating Aircraft Requirements
Aircraft allowed to be used for this pilot rating must be:
● Fixed wing ​and​ Retractable gear
● Multiengine
● Turboprop OR Turbojet driven
● Max Gross weight more than 5670kg (12,500lbs)

Table Of Contents:
P4 Airline Transport Pilot License (ATPL): 1
Using the Member Certification Standards (MCS): 1
Checkride Examination Requirements 1
Pilot Rating Aircraft Requirements 2

Areas of Operation 4
Preflight Preparation 4
A. Operation of Systems 4
Preflight Procedures 4
A. Engine Starting 4
B. Taxiing 5
Takeoffs, Landings, and Go-Arounds 6
A. Low Visibility Takeoff and Climb 6
B. Normal Approach and Landing 7
C. Go-Around/Rejected Landing 8
D. Departure Procedures 9
Performance Maneuvers 10
A. Steep Turns 10
Instrument Procedures 11
A. Non Precision Approach 11
B. Precision Approach 13
C. Holding Procedures 14
Multi Engine Operations 15
A. Engine Failure After Liftoff/V2 (Engine Failure) 15
B. One Engine Inoperative (solely by Reference to Instruments) During
Straight-and-Level Flight and Turns 16
C. Instrument Approach and Landing with an Inoperative Engine (solely by
Reference to Instruments) 17

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 Postflight Procedures 19
A. After Landing, Parking, and Securing 19

Testing Roles, Responsibilities, and Outcomes 20

Member Responsibilities 20
Instructor Responsibilities 20
Evaluator Responsibilities 20
ATC Requirements for Examinations 21
Possible Outcomes of the Test 21
Satisfactory Performance 21
Unsatisfactory Performance 22
Discontinuance 22
Testing after Discontinuance or Unsatisfactory Performance 23

Practical Examination Checklist (Member) 24

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Areas of Operation
I. Preflight Preparation
Task A. Operation of Systems
Objective To determine that the member exhibits satisfactory
knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with the
safe operation of systems on the airplane provided for the
flight test.
Knowledge The member demonstrates an understanding of:
ATPL.I.A.K1 Airplane systems, to include:
ATPL.I.A.K1a a. Primary flight controls
ATPL.I.A.K1b b. Secondary flight controls (trim, flaps, etc.)
ATPL.I.A.K1c c. Power Plant and Propeller Basic Operation
(combustion process, propeller control effects, etc.)
ATPL.I.A.K1d d. Landing gear (Basic operating principles)
ATPL.I.A.K1e e. Basic Electrical Components (Battery, Alternator,
etc)
ATPL.I.A.K1f f. Avionics/Flight Instruments
ATPL.I.A.K1g g. Pitot-static, vacuum/pressure, and associated flight
instruments
ATPL.I.A.K1h h. Deicing and anti-icing aircraft protections
ATPL.I.A.K2 Indications of and procedures for managing system
abnormalities or failures.
Risk Management The member demonstrates the ability to identify, assess
and mitigate risks, encompassing:
ATPL.I.A.R1 Failure to detect system malfunctions or failures.
ATPL.I.A.R2 Improper management of a system failure.
Skills The member demonstrates the ability to:
ATPL.I.A.S1 Explain or be tested on knowledge in written form of ​at least
three of the systems listed in K1a through K1h above.

II. Preflight Procedures

Task A. Engine Starting
Objective To determine that the member exhibits satisfactory
knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with
recommended engine starting procedures.
Knowledge The member demonstrates an understanding of:
[Intentionally Left Blank]
Risk Management The member demonstrates the ability to identify, assess
and mitigate risks, encompassing:

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 [Intentionally Left Blank]
Skill The member demonstrates the ability to:
ATPL.II.A.S1 Complete the appropriate checklist.

Task B. Taxiing
Objective To determine that the member exhibits satisfactory
knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with
safe taxi operations, including runway incursion avoidance.
Knowledge The member demonstrates an understanding of:
ATPL.II.B.K1 Current airport aeronautical references and information
resources including Chart Supplements, airport diagram,
and appropriate references.
ATPL.II.B.K2 Taxi instructions/clearances.
ATPL.II.B.K3 ATO’s region specific airport markings, signs, and lights.
ATPL.II.B.K4 Visual indicators for wind. (Windsock in the simulator)
ATPL.II.B.K5 Aircraft lighting.
ATPL.II.B.K6 Procedures for:
ATPL.II.B.K6a a. Appropriate flight deck activities prior to taxi,
including route planning and identifying the location
of hot spots or possible confusion when taxing
ATPL.II.B.K6b b. Radio communications at towered and non-towered
airports
ATPL.II.B.K6c c. Entering or crossing runways
Risk Management The member demonstrates the ability to identify, assess
and mitigate risks, encompassing:
ATPL.II.B.R1 Confirmation or expectation bias as related to taxi
instructions.
ATPL.II.B.R2 A taxi route or departure runway change.
Skills The member demonstrates the ability to:
ATPL.II.B.S1 Receive and correctly read back clearances/instructions, if
applicable.
ATPL.II.B.S2 Use an airport diagram or taxi chart during taxi, if published,
and maintain situational awareness.
ATPL.II.B.S3 Complete the appropriate checklist
ATPL.II.B.S4 Maintain positive control of the airplane during ground
operations by controlling direction and speed without
excessive use of brakes.
ATPL.II.B.S5 Comply with airport/taxiway markings, signals, and ATC
clearances and instructions.
ATPL.II.B.S6 Position the airplane properly relative to runway hold lines.

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III. Takeoffs, Landings, and Go-Arounds
Task A. Low Visibility Takeoff and Climb
Objective To determine that the member exhibits satisfactory
knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with a
normal takeoff, climb operations, and rejected takeoff
procedures.

Note:​ ​The examiner ​must​ ensure a prevailing visibility

of ½ SM (800 Meters) or less is used for takeoff during
the checkride to complete this item.
Knowledge The member demonstrates an understanding of:
ATPL.III.A.K1 Effects of atmospheric conditions, including wind, on takeoff
and climb performance.
ATPL.III.A.K2 ​If using a turbojet aircraft:​ Understand the difference
between V1, Vr, V2, Vfs, and Vac
ATPL.III.A.K3 ​If using a turboprop aircraft:​ Understand the difference
between Vmc and VYse (Blue Line).
ATPL.III.A.K4 Appropriate airplane configuration for normal takeoff.
ATPL.III.A.K5 All runway markings and what they represent.
ATPL.III.A.K6 Runway lighting elements and what they represent (Edge
lights, centerline lights, lighting colors and patterns, etc.)
Risk Management The member demonstrates the ability to identify, assess
and mitigate risks, encompassing:
ATPL.II.A.R1 Selection of runway based on pilot capability, airplane
performance and limitations, available distance, and wind.
ATPL.III.A.R2 Effects of:
ATPL.III.A.R2a a. Crosswind
ATPL.III.A.R2b b. Windshear
ATPL.III.A.R2c c. Tailwind
ATPL.III.A.R2d d. Wake turbulence
ATPL.III.A.R2e e. Runway surface/condition
ATPL.III.A.R3 Abnormal operations, to include planning for:
ATPL.III.A.R3a a. Rejected takeoff
ATPL.III.A.R3b b. Engine failure on takeoff /climb phase of flight
ATPL.III.A.R4 Low altitude maneuvering including stall, spin, or CFIT.
ATPL.III.A.R5 Distractions, loss of situational awareness, and/or improper
task management.
Skills The member demonstrates the ability to:
ATPL.III.A.S1 Complete the appropriate checklist.
ATPL.III.A.S2 Make radio calls as appropriate.
ATPL.III.A.S3 Verify assigned/correct runway.
ATPL.III.A.S4 Verify wind direction with or without visible wind direction
indicators.

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 ATPL.III.A.S5 Position the flight controls for the existing wind conditions.
ATPL.III.A.S6 Clear the area; taxi into takeoff position and align the
airplane on the runway.
ATPL.III.A.S7 Confirm takeoff power and proper engine and flight
instrument indications prior to rotation.
ATPL.III.A.S8 If using a turboprop aircraft:​ Rotate and lift off at the
recommended airspeed and accelerate to VYse (Blue Line).
ATPL.III.A.S9 If using a turbojet aircraft: ​Rotate and lift off at the
recommended airspeed and accelerate to V2
ATPL.III.A.S10 If using a turboprop aircraft: ​Establish a pitch attitude to
maintain the manufacturer’s recommended speed or VYse
(Blue Line), +10/-5 knots
ATPL.III.A.S11 If using a turbojet aircraft: ​Establish a pitch attitude to
maintain the manufacturer’s recommended V2 speed
+15/-5 knots
ATPL.III.A.S12 Configure the airplane in accordance with manufacturer’s
guidance.
ATPL.III.A.S13 If using a turboprop aircraft:​ Maintain VYse (Blue Line)
+10/-5 knots to a safe maneuvering altitude.
ATPL.III.A.S14 If using a turbojet aircraft:​ Maintain V2 +10/-5 knots to
proper acceleration altitude (Commonly 1000’ AFE)
ATPL.III.A.S15 Maintain directional control and proper wind-drift correction
throughout takeoff and climb.

Task B. Normal Approach and Landing

Objective To determine that the member exhibits satisfactory
knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with a
normal approach and landing with emphasis on proper use
and coordination of flight controls.

Note: ​Landing must be hand flown

Knowledge The member demonstrates an understanding of:
ATPL.III.B.K1 A stabilized approach, to include energy management
concepts.
ATPL.III.B.K2 Effects of atmospheric conditions, including wind, on
approach and landing performance.
ATPL.III.B.K3 Wind correction techniques on approach and landing.
ATPL.III.B.K4 Ground effect
Risk Management The member demonstrates the ability to identify, assess
and mitigate risks, encompassing:
ATPL.II.B.R1 Selection of runway based on pilot capability, airplane
performance and limitations, available distance, and wind.
ATPL.III.B.R2 Effects of:
ATPL.III.B.R2a a. Crosswind

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 ATPL.III.B.R2b b. Windshear
ATPL.III.B.R2c c. Tailwind
ATPL.III.B.R2d d. Wake turbulence
ATPL.III.B.R2e e. Runway surface/condition
ATPL.III.B.R3 Planning for:
ATPL.III.B.R3a a. Go around and rejected landing
ATPL.III.B.R3b b. Land and hold short operations (LAHSO)
ATPL.III.B.R4 Low altitude maneuvering including stall, spin, or CFIT.
ATPL.III.B.R5 Distractions, loss of situational awareness, and/or improper
task management.
Skills The member demonstrates the ability to:
ATPL.III.B.S1 Complete the appropriate checklist.
ATPL.III.B.S2 Make radio calls as appropriate.
ATPL.III.B.S3 Ensure the airplane is aligned with the correct/assigned
runway or landing surface
ATPL.III.B.S4 Scan runway or landing surface and the adjoining area for
traffic and obstructions
ATPL.III.B.S5 Consider the wind conditions, landing surface, obstructions,
and select a suitable touchdown point.
ATPL.III.B.S6 Maintain manufacturer’s published approach airspeed or in
its absence not more than 1.3 VSO, +10/-5 knots with gust
factor applied
ATPL.III.B.S7 Maintain crosswind correction and directional control
throughout the approach and landing.
ATPL.III.B.S8 Touch down at a proper pitch attitude,in the touchdown
zone or first half of the runway (whichever is less), with no
side drift, and with the airplane’s longitudinal axis aligned
with and over the runway center/landing path.
ATPL.III.B.S9 Maintain directional control and apply brakes for safe rollout
ATPL.III.B.S10 Execute a timely go-around if the approach cannot be made
within the tolerances specified above or for any other
condition that may result in an unsafe approach or landing.

Task C. Go-Around/Rejected Landing

Objective To determine that the member exhibits satisfactory
knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with a
go-around/rejected landing with emphasis on factors that
contribute to landing conditions that may require a
go-around.
Knowledge The member demonstrates an understanding of:
ATPL.III.C.K1 A stabilized approach, to include energy management
concepts.
ATPL.III.C.K2 Effects of atmospheric conditions, including wind and
density altitude on a go-around or rejected landing.

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 ATPL.III.C.K3 Wind correction techniques on takeoff/departure and
approach/landing.
Risk Management The member demonstrates the ability to identify, assess
and mitigate risks, encompassing:
ATPL.III.C.R1 Delayed recognition of the need for a go-around/rejected
landing.
ATPL.III.C.R2 Delayed performance of a go-around at low altitude.
ATPL.III.C.R3 Improper application of power.
ATPL.III.C.R4 Improper airplane configuration.
ATPL.III.C.R5 Collision hazards, to include aircraft, vehicles, vessels,
persons, wildlife, terrain, obstacles, and wires.
ATPL.III.C.R6 Low altitude maneuvering including stall, spin, or CFIT.
ATPL.III.C.R7 Distractions, loss of situational awareness, and/or improper
task management.
Skills The member demonstrates the ability to:
ATPL.III.C.S1 Complete the appropriate checklist.
ATPL.III.C.S2 Make radio calls as appropriate to unicom or ATC.
ATPL.III.C.S3 Make a timely decision to discontinue the approach to
landing.
ATPL.III.C.S4 If using a turboprop aircraft:​ Apply takeoff power
immediately and transition to climb pitch attitude for VX or
VYse (Blue Line) as appropriate +10/-5 knots.
ATPL.III.C.S5 If using a turbojet aircraft:​ Apply go around power
immediately and transition to a climb pitch attitude for an
appropriate and safe go around speed
ATPL.III.C.S6 Configure the airplane after a positive rate of climb has
been verified.
ATPL.III.C.S7 If using a turboprop aircraft:​ Maintain VYse (Blue Line)
+10/-5 knots to a safe maneuvering altitude.
ATPL.III.C.S8 If using a turbojet aircraft:​ Maintain appropriate and safe go
around speed to a safe acceleration altitude
ATPL.III.C.S9 Maintain directional control and proper wind-drift correction
throughout the climb.

Task D. Departure Procedures

Objective To determine that the member exhibits satisfactory
knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with
departure procedures.
Knowledge The member demonstrates an understanding of:
ATPL.III.D.K1 Ability to read and understand departure procedures.
ATPL.III.D.K2 Identify departure procedure notes and restrictions and
apply them to the operation of the flight.
Risk Management The member demonstrates the ability to identify, assess
and mitigate risks, encompassing:

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 ATPL.III.D.R1 Misinterpretation of departure procedure requirements or
instructions
ATPL.III.D.R2 Aircraft unable to meet departure procedure performance
requirements
ATPL.III.D.R3 Loss of situational awareness or overwhelmed by task
saturation
Skills The member demonstrates the ability to:
ATPL.III.D.S1 Uses the current and appropriate navigation publications for
the proposed flight.
ATPL.III.D.S2 Selects, configures, and uses the appropriate
communications frequencies, navigation and systems
displays; selects and identifies the navigation aids and
routes necessary to properly fly the assigned ATC
clearance.
ATPL.III.D.S3 Establishes communications with ATC, using proper
phraseology and advises ATC when unable to comply with
a clearance or restriction.
ATPL.III.D.S4 Complies, in a timely manner, with all instructions and
airspace restrictions.
ATPL.III.D.S5 Intercepts, in a timely manner, all courses, radials, and
bearings appropriate to the procedure, route, clearance, or
as directed by the examiner.
ATPL.III.D.S6 Maintains the appropriate airspeed within ±10 knots,
headings within ±10°, altitude within ±100 feet; and
accurately tracks a course, radial, or bearing.
ATPL.III.D.S7 Conducts the departure phase to a point where, in the
opinion of the examiner, the transition to the en route
environment is complete ​or​ the pilot demonstrates enough
skills and ability to fly a departure procedure

IV. Performance Maneuvers

Task A. Steep Turns
Objective To determine that the member exhibits satisfactory
knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with
steep turns.
Note: ​Steep Turns must be hand flown
Knowledge The member demonstrates an understanding of:
PPL.IV.A.K1 Aerodynamics associated with steep turns, to include:
PPL.IV.A.K1a a. Coordinated and uncoordinated flight
PPL.IV.A.K1b b. Overbanking tendencies
PPL.IV.A.K1c c. Maneuvering speed, including the impact of weight
changes
PPL.IV.A.K1d d. Load factor and accelerated stalls

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 PPL.IV.A.K1e e. Rate and radius of turn
Risk Management The member demonstrates the ability to identify, assess
and mitigate risks, encompassing:
PPL.IV.A.R1 Failure to divide attention between airplane control and
orientation.
PPL.IV.A.R2 Collision hazards, to include aircraft, terrain, obstacles, and
wires.
PPL.IV.A.R3 Distractions, loss of situational awareness, and/or improper
task management.
PPL.IV.A.R4 Failure to maintain coordinated flight.
Skill The member demonstrates the ability to:
PPL.IV.A.S1 Avoids any indication of an approaching stall, abnormal
flight attitude, or exceeding any structural or operating
limitations during any part of the maneuver.
PPL.IV.A.S2 Establish the manufacturer’s recommended airspeed; or if
one is not available, a safe airspeed not to exceed Va.
PPL.IV.A.S3 Roll into a coordinated turn of 180° or 360° with a bank of at
least 45°
PPL.IV.A.S4 Perform the Task opposite direction upon competition of the
first. (Two turns)
PPL.IV.A.S5 Maintain the entry altitude ±100 feet, airspeed ±10 knots,
bank ±5°, and roll out on the entry heading ±10°.

V. Instrument Procedures
Task A. Non Precision Approach
Objective To determine the member exhibits satisfactory knowledge,
risk management, and skills associated with performing non
precision approach procedures solely by reference to
instruments.
Knowledge The member demonstrates an understanding of:
ATPL.IV.A.K1 Navigation system annunciations expected during an RNAV
approach.
ATPL.IV.A.K2 A stabilized approach, to include energy management
concepts.
Risk Management The member demonstrates the ability to identify, assess
and mitigate risks, encompassing:
ATPL.IV.A.R1 Failure to follow the correct approach procedure (e.g.,
descending too early, etc.).
ATPL.IV.A.R2 Selecting an incorrect navigation frequency.
ATPL.IV.A.R3 Failure to manage automated navigation and autoflight
systems.
ATPL.IV.A.R4 Failure to ensure proper airplane configuration during an
approach and missed approach.

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 ATPL.IV.A.R5 An unstable approach, including excessive descent rates.
ATPL.IV.A.R6 Deteriorating weather conditions on approach.
ATPL.IV.A.R7 Operating below the minimum descent altitude (MDA) or
continuing a descent below decision altitude (DA) without
proper visual references.
Skill The member demonstrates the ability to:
ATPL.IV.A.S1 Accomplish the non precision instrument approach(es)
selected by the evaluator.
ATPL.IV.A.S2 Establish two-way communications with ATC appropriate
for the phase of flight or approach segment, and use proper
communication phraseology.
ATPL.IV.A.S3 Select, tune, identify, and confirm the operational status of
navigation equipment to be used for the approach.
ATPL.IV.A.S4 Comply with all clearances issued by ATC or the evaluator.
ATPL.IV.A.S5 Recognize if any flight instrumentation is inaccurate or
inoperative, and take appropriate action.
ATPL.IV.A.S6 Advise ATC or the evaluator if unable to comply with a
clearance
ATPL.IV.A.S7 Complete the appropriate checklist.
ATPL.IV.A.S8 Establish the appropriate airplane configuration and
airspeed considering meteorological and operating
conditions.
ATPL.IV.A.S9 Maintain altitude ±50 feet, selected heading ±10°, airspeed
±10 knots, and accurately track radials, courses, and
bearings, prior to beginning the final approach segment.
ATPL.IV.A.S10 Adjust the published MDA and visibility criteria for the
aircraft approach category, as appropriate, for factors that
include NOTAMs, inoperative aircraft or navigation
equipment, or inoperative visual aids associated with the
landing environment, etc.
ATPL.IV.A.S11 Establish a stabilized descent to the appropriate altitude.
ATPL.IV.A.S12 For the final approach segment, maintain no more than a
1/2-scale deflection of the CDI, maintain airspeed ±10
knots, and altitude, if applicable, above MDA, +100/-0 feet,
to the Visual Descent Point (VDP) or Missed Approach
Point (MAP).
ATPL.IV.A.S13 Execute the missed approach procedure if the required
visual references are not distinctly visible and identifiable at
the appropriate point or altitude for the approach profile; or
execute a normal landing from a straight-in or circling
approach.
ATPL.IV.A.S14 Use an MFD and other graphical navigation displays, if
installed, to monitor position, track wind drift, and to
maintain situational awareness.

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Task B. Precision Approach
Objective To determine the member exhibits satisfactory knowledge,
risk management, and skills associated with performing
precision approach procedures solely by reference to
instruments.
Knowledge The member demonstrates an understanding of:
ATPL.IV.B.K1 Procedures and limitations associated with a precision
approach, including determining required descent rates and
adjusting minimums in the case of inoperative equipment
ATPL.IV.B.K2 Navigation system displays, annunciations, and modes of
operation.
ATPL.IV.B.K3 A stabilized approach, to include energy management
concepts
Risk Management The member demonstrates the ability to identify, assess
and mitigate risks, encompassing:
ATPL.IV.B.R1 Failure to follow the correct approach procedure (e.g.
descending below the glideslope, etc.).
ATPL.IV.B.R2 Selecting an incorrect navigation frequency
ATPL.IV.B.R3 Failure to manage automated navigation and autoflight
systems.
ATPL.IV.B.R4 Failure to ensure proper airplane configuration during an
approach and missed approach.
ATPL.IV.B.R5 An unstable approach, including excessive descent rates.
ATPL.IV.B.R6 Deteriorating weather conditions on approach.
ATPL.IV.B.R7 Continuing to descend below the Decision Altitude
(DA)/Decision Height (DH) when the required visual
references are not visible.
Skill The member demonstrates the ability to:
ATPL.IV.B.S1 Accomplish the precision instrument approach(es) selected
by the evaluator.
ATPL.IV.B.S2 Establish two-way communications with ATC appropriate
for the phase of flight or approach segment, and use proper
communication phraseology.
ATPL.IV.B.S3 Select, tune, identify, and confirm the operational status of
navigation equipment to be used for the approach.
ATPL.IV.B.S4 Comply with all clearances issued by ATC or the evaluator.
ATPL.IV.B.S5 Recognize if any flight instrumentation is inaccurate or
inoperative, and take appropriate action.
ATPL.IV.B.S6 Advise ATC or the evaluator if unable to comply with a
clearance.
ATPL.IV.B.S7 Complete the appropriate checklist.
ATPL.IV.B.S8 Establish the appropriate airplane configuration and
airspeed considering turbulence and windshear.

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 ATPL.IV.B.S9 Maintain altitude ±50 feet, selected heading ±10°, airspeed
±10 knots, and accurately track radials, courses, and
bearings, prior to beginning the final approach segment.
ATPL.IV.B.S10 Adjust the published DA/DH and visibility criteria for the
aircraft approach category, as appropriate, to account for
NOTAMs, Inoperative airplane or navigation equipment, or
inoperative visual aids associated with the landing
environment.
ATPL.IV.B.S12 Establish a predetermined rate of descent at the point
where vertical guidance begins, which approximates that
required for the airplane to follow the vertical guidance.
ATPL.IV.B.S13 Maintain a stabilized final approach from the Final
Approach Fix (FAF) to DA/DH allowing no more than
1/2-scale deflection of either the vertical or lateral guidance
indications and maintain the desired airspeed ±10 knots.
ATPL.IV.B.S14 Immediately initiate the missed approach procedure when
at the DA/DH, and the required visual references for the
runway are not unmistakably visible and identifiable.
ATPL.IV.B.S15 Transition to a normal landing approach only when the
airplane is in a position from which a descent to a landing
on the runway can be made at a normal rate of descent
using normal maneuvering.
ATPL.IV.B.S16 Maintain a stabilized visual flight path from the DA/DH to
the runway aiming point where a normal landing may be
accomplished within the touchdown zone.
ATPL.IV.B.S17 Use an MFD and other graphical navigation displays, if
installed, to monitor position, track wind drift, and to
maintain situational awareness.

Task C. Holding Procedures

Objective To determine the member exhibits satisfactory knowledge,
risk management, and skills associated with holding
procedures solely by reference to instruments.
Knowledge The member demonstrates an understanding of:
ATPL.IV.C.K1 Elements related to holding procedures, including reporting
criteria, appropriate speeds, and recommended entry
procedures for standard, nonstandard, published, and
non-published holding patterns. (Direct, Teardrop, Parallel)
Risk Management The member demonstrates the ability to identify, assess
and mitigate risks, encompassing:
IR.II.B.R1 Recalculating fuel reserves if assigned an unanticipated
EFC time.
ATPL.IV.C.R2 Scenarios and circumstances that could result in minimum
fuel or the need to declare an emergency.

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 ATPL.IV.C.R3 Scenarios that could lead to holding, including deteriorating
weather at the planned destination or traffic metering.
ATPL.IV.C.R4 Improper holding entry and or improper wind correction
while holding
Skills The member demonstrates the ability to:
ATPL.IV.C.S1 Explain and use an entry procedure that ensures the
airplane remains within the protected holding pattern
airspace for a standard, nonstandard, published, ​or
non-published holding pattern.
ATPL.IV.C.S2 Change to the holding airspeed appropriate for the altitude
or airplane when ​3 minutes or less from, but prior to arriving
at, the holding fix​ and set appropriate power as needed for
fuel conservation.
ATPL.IV.C.S3 Recognize arrival at the holding fix and promptly initiate
entry into the holding pattern. (Station Passage)
ATPL.IV.C.S4 Maintain airspeed ±10 knots, altitude ±50 feet, selected
headings within ±10°, and track a selected course, radial, or
bearing within ¾-scale deflection of the CDI.
ATPL.IV.C.S5 Use proper wind correction procedures to maintain the
desired pattern and to arrive over the fix as close as
possible to a specified time and maintain pattern leg lengths
when specified.
ATPL.IV.C.S6 Use an MFD and other graphical navigation displays, if
installed, to monitor position in relation to the desired
flightpath during holding.
ATPL.IV.C.S7 Comply with ATC reporting requirements and restrictions
associated with the holding pattern.

VI. Multi Engine Operations

Task A. Engine Failure ​After​ Liftoff/V2 (Engine Failure)
Objective To determine that the member exhibits satisfactory
knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with an
engine failure after liftoff.
Knowledge The member demonstrates an understanding of:
ATPL.V.A.K1 If using a turboprop aircraft:​ Factors affecting Vmc.
ATPL.V.A.K2 If using a turboprop aircraft:​ Vmc (Red line) and VYse (Blue
line).
ATPL.V.A.K3 If using a turboprop aircraft:​ How to identify, verify, feather,
and secure an inoperative engine.
ATPL.V.A.K4 If using a turboprop aircraft:​ Importance of drag reduction,
to include propeller feathering, gear and flap retraction, the
manufacturer’s recommended control input and its relation
to zero sideslip.

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 ATPL.V.A.K5 If using a turbojet aircraft:​ Definition of V1, Vr, and V2
airspeeds
Risk Management The member demonstrates the ability to identify, assess
and mitigate risks, encompassing:
ATPL.V.A.R1 Failure to plan for an engine failure during takeoff.
ATPL.V.A.R2 Improper airplane configuration.
ATPL.V.A.R3 Distractions, loss of situational awareness, and/or improper
task management.
ATPL.V.A.R4 Collision hazards, to include aircraft, terrain, obstacles, and
wires.
ATPL.V.A.R5 Low altitude maneuvering including, stall, spin, or CFIT.
Skill The member demonstrates the ability to:
ATPL.V.A.S1 Promptly recognize an engine failure, maintain control, and
utilize appropriate emergency procedures.
ATPL.V.A.S2 If using a turboprop aircraft:​ Establish VYse; if obstructions
are present, establish Vmc +10 knots, whichever is greater,
until obstructions are cleared. ​Then transition to VYse​.
ATPL.V.A.S3 If using a turbojet aircraft:​ Establish V2 speed
ATPL.V.A.S4 Reduce drag by retracting landing gear and flaps in
accordance with the manufacturer’s guidance.
ATPL.V.A.S5 If using a turboprop aircraft:​ Simulate feathering the
propeller on the inoperative engine (evaluator should then
establish zero thrust on the inoperative engine).
ATPL.V.A.S6 Use flight controls in the proper combination as
recommended by the manufacturer, or as required to
maintain best performance, and trim as required.
ATPL.V.A.S7 Monitor the operating engine and make adjustments as
necessary.
ATPL.V.A.S8 Recognize the airplane’s performance capabilities. If a
climb is not possible at V2 (Jet) VYse (Prop), maintain
VYse and return to the departure airport for landing, or
initiate an approach to the most suitable landing area
available.
ATPL.V.A.S9 If using a turboprop aircraft:​ Simulate securing the
inoperative engine.
ATPL.V.A.S10 Maintain heading ±20° and airspeed ±10 knots.
ATPL.V.A.S11 Complete the appropriate checklist.
Note: ​The engine will be considered critically damaged
after failure and not suitable for restart.

Task B. One Engine Inoperative (solely by Reference to

Instruments) During Straight-and-Level Flight and
Turns

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Objective To determine that the member exhibits satisfactory
knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with
flight solely by reference to instruments with one engine
inoperative.
Knowledge The member demonstrates an understanding of:
ATPL.V.B.K1 Procedures used if engine failure occurs during
straight-and-level flight and turns while on instruments.
Risk Management The member demonstrates the ability to identify, assess
and mitigate risks, encompassing:
ATPL.V.B.R1 Failure to identify the inoperative engine.
ATPL.V.B.R2 Inability to climb or maintain altitude with an inoperative
engine.
ATPL.V.B.R3 Low altitude maneuvering including, stall, spin, or CFIT.
ATPL.V.B.R4 Distractions, loss of situational awareness, and/or improper
task management.
ATPL.V.B.R5 Fuel management during single-engine operation.
Skill The member demonstrates the ability to:
ATPL.V.B.S1 Promptly recognize an engine failure and maintain positive
airplane control.
ATPL.V.B.S2 Set the engine controls, reduce drag, identify and verify the
inoperative engine, and simulate feathering (if using a
turboprop aircraft) of the propeller on the inoperative
engine. (Evaluator should then establish zero thrust on the
inoperative engine.)
ATPL.V.B.S3 Establish the best engine-inoperative airspeed and trim the
airplane.
ATPL.V.B.S4 Use flight controls in the proper combination as
recommended by the manufacturer, or as required to
maintain best performance, and trim as required.
ATPL.V.B.S5 Verify the prescribed checklist procedures normally used for
securing the inoperative engine.
ATPL.V.B.S6 Attempt to determine and resolve the reason for the engine
failure.
ATPL.V.B.S7 Maintain the specified altitude ±50 feet or minimum sink
rate if applicable, airspeed ±10 knots, and the specified
heading ±15°.
ATPL.V.B.S8 Assess the airplane’s performance capability and decide on
an appropriate action to ensure a safe landing.
ATPL.V.B.S9 Avoid loss of airplane control or attempted flight contrary to
the engine-inoperative operating limitations of the airplane.
ATPL.V.B.S10 Demonstrate Single Pilot Resource Management

Task C. Instrument Approach ​and​ Landing with an

Inoperative Engine (solely by Reference to Instruments)

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Objective To determine that the member exhibits satisfactory
knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with
flight solely by reference to instruments with one engine
inoperative.
Note: ​Must be hand flown from the Final Approach Fix
(FAF) inbound
Knowledge The member demonstrates an understanding of:
ATPL.V.C.K1 Instrument approach procedures with one engine
inoperative.
Risk Management The member demonstrates the ability to identify, assess
and mitigate risks, encompassing:
ATPL.V.C.R1 Failure to plan for engine failure during approach and
landing.
ATPL.V.C.R2 Distractions, loss of situational awareness, and/or improper
task management.
ATPL.V.C.R3 Single-engine performance.
Skill The member demonstrates the ability to:
ATPL.V.C.S1 Use flight controls in the proper combination as
recommended by the manufacturer or as required to
maintain best performance, and trim as required.
ATPL.V.C.S2 Request and follow an actual or a simulated ATC clearance
for an instrument approach.
ATPL.V.C.S3 Maintain altitude ±50 feet or minimum sink rate if applicable,
airspeed ±10 knots, and selected heading ±10°.
ATPL.V.C.S4 Establish a rate of descent that will ensure arrival at the
MDA or DA/DH, with the airplane in a position from which a
descent to a landing on the intended runway can be made,
either straight in or circling as appropriate.
ATPL.V.C.S5 On final approach segment, maintain vertical (as
applicable) and lateral guidance within 1/2-scale deflection.
ATPL.V.C.S6 Avoid loss of airplane control or attempted flight contrary to
the operating limitations of the airplane.
ATPL.V.C.S7 Comply with the published criteria for the aircraft approach
category if circling.
ATPL.V.C.S8 Execute a normal landing.
ATPL.V.C.S9 Complete the appropriate checklist.
ATPL.V.C.S10 Monitor the operating engine and make adjustments as
necessary throughout approach.

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VII. Postflight Procedures
Task A. After Landing, Parking, and Securing
Objective To determine that the member exhibits satisfactory
knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with
after landing, parking, and securing procedures
Note: ​The checkride may be considered complete once
parked on the runway or a taxiway (offline checkrides only)
if the aircraft is unable to safely taxi in to a suitable spot.
Knowledge The member demonstrates an understanding of:
PPL.VI.A.K1 Airplane shutdown and securing.
Risk Management The member demonstrates the ability to identify, assess
and mitigate risks, encompassing:
PPL.VI.A.R1 Confirmation or expectation bias as related to taxi
instructions.
Skill The member demonstrates the ability to:
PPL.VII.A.S1 Demonstrate runway incursion avoidance procedures.
PPL.VII.A.S2 Park in an appropriate area.
PPL.VI.A.S2 Complete the appropriate shutdown and securing checklist.
PPL.VI.A.S3 Secure the airplane.

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Testing Roles, Responsibilities, and
Outcomes
Member Responsibilities
The member is responsible for mastering the established standards for knowledge, skill,
and risk management elements in all Tasks appropriate to the certificate and rating
sought. The member should use this MCS, its references, and the Practical
Examination Checklist in this Appendix in preparation to take the practical examination.

Instructor Responsibilities
The instructor is responsible for training the member to meet the established standards
for knowledge, skill, and risk management elements in all Tasks appropriate to the
certificate and rating sought. The instructor should use this MCS and its references as
part of preparing the member to take the practical examination and, if necessary, in
retraining the member to proficiency in all subject(s) missed on the knowledge test.

Evaluator Responsibilities
The evaluator who conducts the practical examination is responsible for determining
that the member meets the established standards of aeronautical knowledge, skills
(flight proficiency), and risk management for the Tasks in the appropriate MCS. This
responsibility also includes verifying the experience requirements specified for a
certificate or rating by having the prerequisite pilot rating.

The ATO must develop at a minimum one Plan of Action (POA), written in English, to
conduct the practical examination, and it must include all of the required Areas of
Operation and Tasks. The POA must include a scenario that evaluates as many of the
required Areas of Operation and Tasks as possible. The evaluator has the discretion to
modify the POA in order to accommodate unexpected situations as they arise. For
example, the evaluator may elect to suspend and later resume a scenario in order to
assess certain Tasks.

In the integrated MCS framework, the Areas of Operation contain Tasks that include
“knowledge” elements (such as K1), “risk management” elements (such as R1), and
“skill” elements (such as S1). Knowledge and risk management elements are primarily
evaluated during the written testing phase of the member certification process. The
evaluator must assess the member on all skill elements for each Task included in each
Area of Operation of the MCS, unless otherwise noted or an approved waiver is issued.

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The evaluator administering the practical examination has the discretion to combine
Tasks/elements as appropriate to testing scenarios.

The required minimum elements to include in the POA, unless otherwise noted, from
each applicable Task are as follows:

● at least one knowledge element (if specified in the task);

● all skill elements; and
● any Task elements in which the member was shown to be deficient on the
knowledge test.

Unless otherwise noted in the Task, the evaluator must test each item in the skills
section by asking the member to perform each one.

ATC Requirements for Examinations

ATC instructions and communications may be conducted either using a live network
controller OR the examiner may act in place of ATC if not online or a live controller is
desired not to be used​.​ ATOs are asked to provide examiners with an ATC script to
accompany the checkride’s plan of action that uses proper ATC phraseology for the
airspace the checkride is being conducted in. ATC transripted instructions MAY be
provided if the examination is not done in a live capacity.

Possible Outcomes of the Test

There are three possible outcomes of the practical examination: (1) Pass (satisfactory),
(2) Fail (unsatisfactory), or (3) Discontinuance.

If the evaluator determines that a Task is incomplete, or the outcome is uncertain, the
evaluator must require the member to repeat that Task, or portions of that Task. This
provision does not mean that instruction, practice, or the repetition of an unsatisfactory
Task is permitted during the practical examination.

If the evaluator determines the member’s skills and abilities are in doubt, the outcome is
unsatisfactory and the evaluator must issue a Notice of Disapproval.

Satisfactory Performance

Satisfactory performance requires that the member:

● demonstrate the Tasks specified in the Areas of Operation for the certificate or
rating sought within the established standards;
● demonstrate mastery of the aircraft by performing each Task successfully;
● demonstrate proficiency and competency in accordance with the approved

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 standards;
● demonstrate sound judgment and exercise aeronautical decision-making/risk
management; and
● demonstrate single-pilot competence and management in an airplane that is
certificated for single-pilot operations.

Satisfactory performance will result in the issuance of the proper pilot rating.

Unsatisfactory Performance

Typical areas of unsatisfactory performance and grounds for disqualification include:

● Any action or lack of action by the member that requires corrective intervention
by the evaluator to maintain safe flight.
● Failure to use proper and effective visual scanning techniques to clear the area
before and while performing maneuvers.
● Consistently exceeding tolerances stated in the skill elements of the Task.
● Failure to take prompt and reasonable corrective action when tolerances are
exceeded.
● Failure to exercise risk management.

Note:​ Examiners are encouraged to provide members with a few opportunities to

reattempt taks found to be unsatisfactory. No more than three total attempts to
demonstrate proficiency of any task during the checkride may be given.

If, in the judgment of the evaluator, the member does not meet the standards for any
Task, the member fails the Task. The test is unsatisfactory, and the evaluator issues the
check ride unsatisfactory. The evaluator lists the Task(s) in which the member did not
meet the standard, any Task(s) not tested. The evaluator will complete this report using
the applicable PTD approved pilot rating examination form for that specific pilot rating.

The evaluator may choose to end a practical evaluation early if they feel the member is
not at all prepared or whose skills are clearly not at the standards to pass the exam.
However, it is encouraged that examiners allow the checkride to continue with the
interest of examining as many tasks as possible. If an examiner determines a checkride
unsatisfactory, examiners should not express this result till the debrief portion of the
checkride.

Discontinuance

When it is necessary to discontinue a practical examination for reasons other than

unsatisfactory performance (e.g., computer failure, software issues, real world conflicts,
etc.), the evaluator must return all test paperwork to the member. The evaluator must
initial/sign, date, and issue a Discontinuance that lists those Areas of Operation the
member successfully completed. The evaluator should advise the member to present
the Discontinuance to the next evaluator when the practical examination resumes in

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order to receive credit for the items successfully completed. The Discontinuance should
also be filed into the member's examination records file. The member has 14 calendar
days to finish the remainder of the discontinued examination with an approved
examiner. If the discontinued exam is not completed in this time window, the
examination must be completely redone.

Testing after Discontinuance or Unsatisfactory Performance

To avoid having to retake the entire practical examination, a member has 90 days from
the date of a first failure or Discontinuance to pass the practical examination. The
evaluator’s plan of action to complete the examination must include any unsatisfactory
or untested Area(s) of Operation and Task(s) as indicated on the current Unsatisfactory
or Letter of Discontinuance. While a member may receive credit for any Task(s)
successfully completed within a failed or partially tested Area of Operation, the
evaluator has discretion to reevaluate any Task(s).

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 Practical Examination Checklist (Member)
Appointment with Evaluator

Evaluator’s Name:___________________________________________

Location:___________________________________________________

Date/Time: __________________________________________________

Acceptable Aircraft

▪ Approved ATO course syllabus practical examination aircraft

Personal Equipment

▪ ATO required test monitoring software installed

▪ Already completed Flight Planning by the examiner or examining authority

▪ Stable and working simulator settings to conduct practical examination in

▪ Approved stable and working simulator aircraft to conduct the practical

examination in

▪ ATO Approved aeronautical charts to be used to complete the checkride

Personal Records

▪ Successfully Completed Written Knowledge Examination

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