Nava Bharath International School

Annur

ELECTRICITY-PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS PARTIII

Class 10 - Science
Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 220

1. Although electric kettle and electric toaster were used simultaneously in the kitchen to prepare breakfast for the [5]
family, yet the two devices could work efficiently due to fuse used in the electric circuit.
i. What is a fuse? Write the material used in fuse wires. How is a fuse connected in an electric circuit?
ii. State the ratings of fuse used in electric circuits.
iii. What is the function of a fuse? How does it perform its function?
iv. A device uses 1 kW electric power when operated at 220 V. Calculate the rating of the fuse to be used.
2. An electric lamp of resistance 20 Ω and a conductor of resistance 4 Ω are connected to a 6 V battery as shown in [5]
the circuit. Calculate :
a. the total resistance of the circuit,
b. the current through the circuit,
c. the potential difference across the
(i) electric lamp and
(ii) conductor, and
d. power of the lamp.

3. A bulb is rated 40 W; 220 V. Find the current drawn by it, when it is connected to a 220 V supply. Also find its [5]
resistance. If the given bulb is replaced by a bulb of rating 25 W; 220 V, will there be any change in the value of
current and resistance? Justify your answer and determine the change.
4. i. Write the relation between resistance R and electrical resistivity ρ of the material of a conductor in the shape [5]
of cylinder of length l and area of cross-section A. Hence derive the SI unit of electrical resistivity.
2
ii. The resistance of a metal wire of length 3 m is 60Ω . If the area of cross-section of the wire is 4 × 10 −7
m ,
calculate the electrical resistivity of the wire.
iii. State how would electrical resistivity be affected if the wire (of part 'ii') is stretched so that its length is
doubled. Justify your answer.

5. a. Three resistors of resistances R1, R2 and R3 are connected [5]

(i) in series, and

(ii) in parallel.
Write expressions for the equivalent resistance of the combination in each case.

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 b. Two identical resistors of 12 Ω each are connected to a battery of 3V. Calculate the ratio of the power
consumed by the resulting combinations with minimum resistance and maximum resistance.
6. In an electric circuit three bulbs of 100 W each are connected in series to a source. In another circuit set of three [5]
bulbs of the same wattage are connected in parallel to the same source.
i. Will the bulb in the two circuits glow with the same brightness? Justify your answer.
ii. Now, let one bulb in both the circuits get fused. Will the rest of the bulbs continue to glow in each circuit?
Give reason for your answer.

7. i. State whether the currents and potential difference in all the bulbs will be same or different when in a circuit [5]
three bulbs of:
a. same wattage are connected in series.
b. same wattage are connected in parallel.
c. different wattage are connected in series.
d. different wattage are connected in parallel.
ii. Two identical resistors of 24Ω each are connected to a battery of 6V. Calculate the ratio of the power
consumed by the resulting combinations with (a) minimum resistance and (b) maximum resistance.

8. i. Find the ratio of resistances of two copper rods X and Y of lengths 30 cm and 10 cm respectively and having [5]
radii 2 cm and 1 cm respectively.
ii. A current of 500 mA flows in a series circuit containing an electric lamp and a conductor of 10Ω when
connected to 6 V battery. Find the resistance of the electric lamp.
9. The values of current I flowing in a given resistor for the corresponding values of potential difference V across [5]
the resistor are given in the following table:

I (Amperes) 0.5 1.0 2.0 3.0 3.5

V (Volts) 1.5 3.0 6.2 9.3 10.8

i. Plot a graph between V and I.

ii. Calculate the resistance of the resistor with the help of the graph.
iii. What does the graph represent?
iv. Why should this graph pass through the origin?

10. a. State Ohm's Law. [5]

b. Name and define the physical quantity determined by the slope of V - I curve given in the diagram. Use this
graph to find the value of this physical quantity in SI units.

c. Establish the relationship between 1 kWh and 1 joule.

11. i. The potential difference between two points in an electric circuit is 1 V. What does it mean? Name a device [5]
that helps to measure the potential difference across a conductor.

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 ii. Why does the connecting cord of an electric heater not glow while the heating element does?
iii. Electrical resistivities of silver and nicrome at 20o C are 1.6× 10-6and 1.0× 10-4,then explain why silver is
used as good conductor and nicrome is used in making filaments ?

12. a. A 6 Ω resistance wire is doubled on itself. Calculate the new resistance of the wire. [5]
b. Three 2 Ω resistors A, B and C are connected in such a way that the total resistance of the combination is 3
Ω . Show the arrangement of the three resistors and justify your answer.

13. i. Draw a labelled circuit diagram of the circuit used to show the variation of potential difference across the [5]
ends of a resistor with current flowing through it. If you use this circuit, what relation would you find
between the voltmeter reading, V and the ammeter reading, I?
ii. A wire of given material having length l and area of cross-section A has a resistance of 4 Ω . Find the
resistance of another wire of the same material having length l

2
and area of cross-section 2A.
14. Compare the power used in 2 Ω resistor in each of the following circuits: [5]

15. a. An electric bulb is rated at 200 V; 100 W. What is its resistance? [5]
b. Calculate the energy consumed by 3 such bulbs if they glow continuously for 10 hours for complete month
of November.
c. Calculate the total cost if the rate is ₹ 6.50 per unit.
16. Two identical resistors, each of resistance 15Ω , are connected in (i) series, and (ii) parallel, in turn to a battery of [5]
6 V. Calculate the ratio of the power consumed in the combination of resistors in each case.
17. a. You have three resistors R1, R2 and R3. Write the formula for the equivalent resistance of the combination, [5]

when these resistors are joined (i) in series and (ii) in parallel.
b. Three resistors of 2Ω , 3Ω and 4Ω are connected in series and the combination is connected to a battery of 9
V. An ammeter and a voltmeter are also connected in the circuit. Draw a circuit diagram to show the
connection of the above said devices in a correct order. Determine (i) current shown by the ammeter and (ii)
potential difference across the 3Ω resistor.

18. i. Which type of circuits series or parallel, should be used when you have to operate different electrical gadgets [5]
in your house? List two reasons for your answer.
ii. Find the current flowing through the following electric circuit:

19. a. Derive the relation for the equivalent resistance when three resistors of resistances R1, R2 and R3 are [5]

connected in parallel.
b. Find the minimum resistance that can be made using four resistors, each of 20 Ω .

20. a. With the help of a suitable circuit diagram prove that the reciprocal of the equivalent resistance of a group of [5]

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 resistances joined in parallel is equal to the sum of the reciprocals of the individual resistances.
b. In an electric circuit two resistors of 12Ω each are joined in parallel to a 6 V battery. Find the current drawn
from the battery.

21. i. When is the potential difference between two points said to be 1 volt? [5]
ii. A copper wire has a diameter of 0.2 mm and resistivity of 1.6 × 10 −8
Ωm . What will be the length of this
wire to make its resistance 14Ω ? How much does the resistance change, if the diameter of the wire is
doubled?

22. i. Two lamps rated 100 W, 220 V and 10 W, 220 V are connected in parallel to 220 V supply. Calculate the [5]
total current through the circuit.
ii. Two resistors X and Y of resistances 2Ω and 3Ω respectively are first joined in parallel and then in series. In
each case the voltage supplied is 5 V.
a. Draw circuit diagrams to show the combination of resistors in each case.
b. Calculate the voltage across the 3Ω resistor in the series combination of resistors.

23. a. Write the relation between resistance and electrical resistivity of the material of a conductor in the shape of a [5]
cylinder of length I and area of cross-section A. Hence derive the S.I. unit of electrical resistivity.
b. The resistance of a metal wire of length 5 m is 100 Ω . If the area of cross-section of the wire is 3 × 10-7 m2,
calculate the resistivity of the metal.

24. a. State with reasons the mode of connecting all electrical appliances in common domestic electric circuits. [5]
b. Which two separate circuits are often used in domestic electric circuits and why?
c. When does an electric short circuit occur? How can it be prevented?

25. a. Define electric power and state its SI unit. The commercial unit of electrical energy is known as unit. Write [5]
the relation between this unit and joule.
b. In a house, 2 bulbs of 50 W each are used for 6 hours daily and an electric geyser of 1 kW is used for 1 hour
daily. Calculate the total energy consumed in a month of 30 days and its cost at the rate of ₹ 8.00 per kWh.

26. a. List two disadvantages of using a series circuit in homes. [5]

b. Calculate the effective resistance between A and B in the circuit given below:

27. 1. What is meant by the statement, The resistance of a conductor is one ohm? [5]
2. Define electric power. Write an expression relating electric power, potential difference and resistance.
3. How many 132 Ω resistors in parallel are required to carry 5 A on a 220 V line?
28. Draw a schematic diagram of a circuit consisting of a battery of 3 cells of 2 V each, a combination of three [5]
resistors of 10Ω , 20Ω and 30Ω connected in parallel, a plug key and an ammeter, all connected in series. Use
this circuit to find the value of the following:
i. Current through each resistor
ii. Total current in the circuit
iii. Total effective resistance of the circuit

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29. i. For the combination of resistors shown in the following figure, find the equivalent resistance between M & [5]
N.

ii. State Joule’s law of heating.

iii. Why we need a 5 A fuse for an electric iron which consumes 1 kW power at 220 V?
iv. Why is it impracticable to connect an electric bulb and an electric heater in series?

30. a. State Ohm’s Law. [5]

b. How is an ammeter connected in an electric circuit?
c. The power of a lamp is 100 W. Find the energy consumed by it in 1 minute.
d. A wire of resistance 5Ω is bent in the form of a closed circle. Find the resistance between two points at the
ends of any diameter of the circle.

31. a. Define electric power. An electrical device of resistance R is connected across a source of voltage V and [5]
draws a current I. Derive an expression for power in terms of current and resistance.
b. Two electric bulbs rated 100 W; 220 V and 60 W; 220 V are connected in parallel to an electric mains of 220
V. Find the current drawn by the bulbs from the mains.

32. a. The commercial unit of electric energy is commonly known as unit. Write its actual name and establish the [5]
relationship between this unit and the SI unit of energy.
b. The current rating of a circut is 1.0 A. How many LED lamps of power rating 8 W; 220 V can safely be used
simultaneously in this circuit?

33. i. The potential difference across the two ends of a circuit component is decreased to one-third of its initial [5]
value, while its resistance remains constant. What change will be observed in the current flowing through it?
Name and state the law which helps us to answer this question.
ii. Draw a schematic diagram of a circuit consisting of a battery of four 1.5 V cells, a 5Ω resistor, a 10Ω resistor
and a 15Ω resistor and a plug key, all connected in series. Now find (I) the electric current passing through
the circuit, and (II) potential difference across the 10Ω resistor when the plug key is closed.

34. a. Define Power and state its SI unit. [5]

b. A torch bulb is rated 5 V and 500 mA. Calculate its
i. Power
ii. Resistances
iii. Energy consumed when it is lighted for 2 1

2
hours.

35. i. Define electric power. Express it in terms of potential difference (V) and resistance (R). [5]
ii. An electric oven is designed to work on the mains voltage of 220 V. This oven consumes 11 units of
electrical energy in 5 hours. Calculate:
a. power rating of the oven
b. current drawn by the oven
c. resistance of the oven when it is red hot

36. a. How will you infer with the help of an experiment that the same current flows through every part of the [5]

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 circuit containing three resistors R1, R2 and R3 in series connected to a battery of V volts?

b. Study the following circuit and find out:

i. Current in 12 Ω resistor.
ii. Difference in the readings of A1 and A2, if any.

37. i. How is electric current related to the potential difference across the terminals of a conductor? [5]
Draw a labelled circuit diagram to verify this relationship.
ii. Why should an ammeter have low resistance?
iii. Two V - I graphs A and B for series and parallel combinations of two resistors are as shown. Giving reason
state which graph shows (a) series, (b) parallel combination of the resistors.

38. a. Three resistors R1, R2 and R3 are connected in parallel and the combination is connected to a battery, [5]

ammeter, voltmeter and key. Draw suitable circuit diagram and obtain an expression for the equivalent
resistance of the combination of the resistors.
b. Calculate the equivalent resistance of the following network:

39. a. An electric iron consumes energy at a rate of 880 W when heating is at the maximum rate and 330 W when [5]
the heating is at the minimum. If the source voltage is 220 V, calculate the current and resistance in each
case.
b. What is heating effect of electric current?
c. Find an expression for the amount of heat produced when a current passes through a resistor for some time.
40. What is meant by resistance of a conductor? Name and define its SI unit. List the factors on Which the resistance [5]
of a wire affected, if (i) its length is doubled, (ii) its radius is doubled?
41. Draw a schematic diagram of a circuit consisting of a battery of six 2V cells, a 6Ω resistor, a 12Ω resistor and a [5]
18Ω resistor and a plug key all connected in series. Calculate the following (when key is closed):

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 i. Electric current flowing in the circuit.
ii. Potential difference across 18Ω resistor.
iii. Electric power consumed in 18Ω resistor.
42. There are three resistors of 10 Ω , 20 Ω and 30 Ω joined in parallel in a circuit. The potential difference across [5]
the electric circuit is 10 V.
a. Draw a circuit diagram for the above case.
b. Find the total resistance of the combination of resistors.
c. Calculate the electric current drawn from the same source.

43. i. What is meant by resistance of a conductor? Define its SI unit. [5]

ii. List two factors on which the resistance of a rectangular conductor depends.
iii. How will the resistance of a wire be affected if its
I. length is doubled, and
II. radius is also doubled?
Give justification for your answer.
44. Obtain an expression for the heat produced in a conductor when a voltage V is applied across it. Heating effect [5]
of electric current is desirable as well as undesirable. Explain this statement.

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