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Subnetting - Example - Step by Step Tutorial

The document provides a detailed example of subnetting using an organization granted the address block 14.24.74.0/24, which needs to create three subnets of varying sizes: 120, 60, and 10 addresses. It outlines the process of calculating the subnet masks and the first and last addresses for each subnet, resulting in three subnets with prefixes /25, /26, and /28 respectively. The document concludes with an invitation for further questions regarding the subnetting process.

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7 views

Subnetting - Example - Step by Step Tutorial

The document provides a detailed example of subnetting using an organization granted the address block 14.24.74.0/24, which needs to create three subnets of varying sizes: 120, 60, and 10 addresses. It outlines the process of calculating the subnet masks and the first and last addresses for each subnet, resulting in three subnets with prefixes /25, /26, and /28 respectively. The document concludes with an invitation for further questions regarding the subnetting process.

Uploaded by

aswathihosur
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Subnetting Example

Subnetting & Masking


1) Use sites like http://www.subnet-calculator.com/ to play and understand subnetting in classful
addressing & http://www.subnet-calculator.com/cidr.php for Classless and provide some
examples
An organization is granted a block of addresses with the beginning address 14.24.74.0/24. The
organization needs to have 3 subblocks of addresses to use in its three subnets: one subblock of
10 addresses, one subblock of 60 addresses, and one subblock of 120 addresses. Design the
subblocks.
Solution:
14.24.74.0/24
Network Portion is 24 bits. Host part is 8 bits which means on total we can use 256 addresses,
but we have planned to divide into subnetworks. Let's find out the first/last addresses of every
subnetwork (subnet).
Network mask is 255.255.255.0
Subnet 1
Choose the largest group among the subnetworks, where we need to allocate more addresses and
then start allocating addresses contiguously for every group. The same rules holds.
1) 120 addresses needed = (2^7) = 128 , 7 bits enough for host portion.
2) Borrow one bit now from host portion and include in network portion.
Now prefix length is /25 (First 25 bits is network portion for 1st subnet)
First address in this subnet :
14.24.74.0/25
Last address in this subnet :
14.24.74.127/25
Last byte in this Address
00000000 - 01111111
(Bold Underlined bit represents the network portion bit for 1st subnet)
Subnet-mask (Subnetwork mask) for subnet 1 - 255.255.255.128
[11111111 11111111 11111111 10000000]
If you take your IP address and do AND with mask you get the network portion (first address)
if you do OR with NOT Mask you get the last address in that subnet
[00000000 00000000 00000000 011111111]
Subnet 2
Now that my addresses till 14.24.74.127 is already allocated to subnet1, i need to start taking the
rest of addresses for other subnets.
60 addresses needed = 2^6 = 64 addreses in next subnet
host portion only 6 bits. borrow 1 more bit now from host.
00000000 - 01111111 (1st subnet identified by 0 in last byte)
10000000 - 10111111 (2nd subnet identified by 10 in last byte)
Carefully examine the previous statement. Flipped the 1st bit from left to 1 for 2nd subnet but
this network portion has 2 bits.
Network portion is /26
First address in 2nd subnet :
14.24.74.128/26
Last address in 2nd subnet :
14.24.74.191/26
Subnet-mask (Subnetwork mask) for subnet 2 - 255.255.255.192
Subnet 3
Now addresses till 14.24.74.191 is over.
10 addresses pending = 2^4 = 16 addresses
4 bits in host are enough. Borrow 2 more bits from host.
00000000 - 01111111 (1st subnet identified by 0 in last byte)
10000000 - 10111111 (2nd subnet identified by 10 in last byte)
11000000 - 11001111 (3rd subnet identified by 1100 in last byte)
Carefully examine the previous statement. Flipped the second bit from left to 1 for 3rd subnet but
this network portion has 4 bits.
Network portion now becomes 28 bits.
First address in 3rd subnet :
14.24.74.192/28
Last address in 3rd subnet :
14.24.74.207/28
Subnet-mask (Subnetwork mask) for subnet 3 - 255.255.255.240
Hope it's clear. Let me know for further doubts.
Regards,
Jayavignesh

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