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The document discusses an Intelligent Load Management System that integrates renewable energy for smart homes, emphasizing the importance of Demand Side Management (DSM) in future smart grids. It presents a model using evolutionary algorithms for scheduling residential appliances, demonstrating significant reductions in electricity bills and peak demand. The study highlights the benefits of DSM and Demand Response strategies for both consumers and utilities in managing energy consumption effectively.

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Ihsan Ullah
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4 views

IEEE ACCESS

The document discusses an Intelligent Load Management System that integrates renewable energy for smart homes, emphasizing the importance of Demand Side Management (DSM) in future smart grids. It presents a model using evolutionary algorithms for scheduling residential appliances, demonstrating significant reductions in electricity bills and peak demand. The study highlights the benefits of DSM and Demand Response strategies for both consumers and utilities in managing energy consumption effectively.

Uploaded by

Ihsan Ullah
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SPECIAL SECTION ON THE NEW ERA OF SMART CITIES: SENSORS,

COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS

Received May 22, 2017, accepted June 9, 2017, date of publication June 14, 2017, date of current version August 8, 2017.
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2715225

An Intelligent Load Management System With


Renewable Energy Integration for Smart Homes
NADEEM JAVAID1 , (Senior Member, IEEE), IHSAN ULLAH2 , MARIAM AKBAR1 , (Member, IEEE),
ZAFAR IQBAL3 , FARMAN ALI KHAN4 , NABIL ALRAJEH5 , AND MOHAMAD SOUHEIL ALABED5
1 COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
2 University
of Engineering and Technology at Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
3 PMAS Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
4 COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Attock 43600, Pakistan
5 Biomedical Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences,

King Saud University, Riyadh 11633, Saudi Arabia


Corresponding author: Nadeem Javaid ([email protected])
This work was supported by the King Saud University through the International Scientific Partnership Program under Grant 0053.

ABSTRACT Demand side management (DSM) will play a significant role in the future smart grid by
managing loads in a smart way. DSM programs, realized via home energy management systems for smart
cities, provide many benefits; consumers enjoy electricity price savings and utility operates at reduced peak
demand. In this paper, evolutionary algorithms-based (binary particle swarm optimization, genetic algorithm,
and cuckoo search) DSM model for scheduling the appliances of residential users is presented. The model
is simulated in time of use pricing environment for three cases: 1) traditional homes; 2) smart homes; and
3) smart homes with renewable energy sources. Simulation results show that the proposed model optimally
schedules the appliances resulting in electricity bill and peaks reductions.

INDEX TERMS Appliance scheduling, binary particle swarm optimization, genetic algorithm, cuckoo
search algorithm, energy management system, electricity pricing, smart grid.

I. INTRODUCTION stand-alone storage systems, and communications capabili-


Global energy demand is increasing rapidly in comparison ties. New laws are being proposed to allow electricity con-
to the steady growth of energy generation and transmission sumers to access pricing information. New dynamic pricing
setups. Consequently, widening the demand and supply gap. policies are likely to be implemented at the retail level over
In traditional grids, utilities cater this situation by increasing the next years [7], [8]. Energy management controllers [9]
the total generation capacity as a function of peak demand. are primarily designed to control load within a single home.
However, the resulted system (generation and distribution) They often take into account the utility data like load fore-
by a large part is unutilized [1], [2]. Recently, two parallel casts or ToU pricing for scheduling the household appliances.
approaches are developed to handle such situations: (i) using On the customer side, customers have the incentive to shift
and promoting energy efficient technologies to reduce the their electricity usage from high peak hours to low peak hours
aggregated power consumption, and (ii) developing strategies so that their electricity bills can be reduced [10], [11].
to control the aggregated power demand. Collectively, the two DR is defined as ‘‘changes in electricity usage by end cus-
parallel approaches make DSM whereas the later approach is tomers from their normal consumption patterns in response
known as Demand Response (DR) [3], [4]. to changes in the price of electricity over time’’. Price based
United States household electricity usage data show that DR programs consider flattening demand fluctuations as an
42% of energy is consumed by household appliances [5]. objective. Both the customer and the utility will get benefits
Major forces are creating a new paradigm on residential elec- from DR. It encourages the customer to reduce the peak
tricity markets as energy optimization becomes an increas- demand in response to the incentives [12]. A DR strategy
ingly important challenge in our society. New technologies coordinates the requirements between the energy provider
are being deployed, including advanced meters, control- and the customer [13]. On the utility side, by reducing high
lable appliances [6], distributed energy generation and stor- peaks, DR programs are helpful in protecting grid from
age systems, i.e., plug-in hybrid electric vehicle batteries, the risk of outages, reduce the usage of spinning reserves

2169-3536 2017 IEEE. Translations and content mining are permitted for academic research only.
VOLUME 5, 2017 Personal use is also permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission. 13587
See http://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publications/rights/index.html for more information.

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