Flowmeter_eBook_2018
Flowmeter_eBook_2018
Flow Measurement
Selection Guides and Flowmeter Products
omega.co.uk
CONTENTS
3 Basics of Fluid Properties
Flow measurement is vital to industry and industrial turbulence results from differences in the fluid’s speed and
applications, from medical research, water supply, direction, which may sometimes intersect or even move counter to
food processes, oil exploration, gas distribution the overall direction of the flow.
and many more. Flow applications are very diverse
and each situation has its own challenges and
engineering requirements. The equation is: Re = ρ x v x d
μ
where Re =Reynolds Number
Understanding customer challenges p = density of fluid (kg/m3)
OMEGA supplies the current and evolving flow technologies v = mean flow velocity (m/s)
that are driving industries and industrial processes. We can
d = diameter of the pipe (m)
help make these processes more efficient and cost effective,
while also understanding the time constraints that customers µ = viscosity of fluid (Pa.s)
face.
The diagram below shows that laminar (uniform and non-uniform)
and turbulent flows are the two types normally encountered in flow
What is a flowmeter? measurement operations. Most applications involve turbulent flow,
A flowmeter is a device used to measure the flow rate or with Re values above 4000. Viscous liquids usually exhibit laminar
F-ZSec-Fig1
quantity of a gas or liquid moving through a pipe. flow, with Re values below 2000. In between these two levels
there may be either laminar or turbulent flow.
Q = liquid flow through the pipe per unit time (SI Unit m3/s) A. Reynolds number < 2000,
V = average velocity of the flow (SI Unit m/s) B. Transient Reynolds number = 2000 - 4000
A = cross-sectional area of the pipe (SI Unit m2) C. Turbulent Reynolds number > 4000.
Other factors that affect fluid flow rate include the density and The best measurements are achieved when the flow is turbulent
the friction of the fluid in contact with the pipe. and the flow profile is fully developed. The more developed the
flow profile is, the better the quality of measurement. This is
usually achieved through careful consideration of the installation
How to predict fluid behaviour requirements of the flowmeter, with regard to the number of
The Reynolds number (Re) is an important dimensionless straight pipe lengths required after a disturbance caused by
number used to help predict flow patterns in different fluid flow either a bend or valve installed upstream of the flowmeter.
situations. This number is what governs if a liquid or gas is
laminar, turbulent or transient and is defined as the ratio of the
In general, gases require more straight lengths of pipe to make
liquid’s inertial force to its drag force.
the best measurement, whilst liquids require less. Always
consider the requirements of the installation, the measurement
At low Reynolds numbers, flow tends to be dominated by objectives and the requirements of the flow technique under
laminar (sheet-like) flow, but at high Reynolds numbers consideration to ensure a successful measurement.
3
Types of OMEGA Flowmeters
OMEGA flow products work with both liquids and Choosing the right flowmeter type
gases and are used in many applications including
chemical processing, filter and leak detection, pulp and
Coriolis
paper processing, petroleum and oil, and wastewater
handling. Our highly qualified sales and application Renowned for their
engineers are at your service to guide you through our outstanding accuracy and
extensive product range. versatility in measuring
challenging flow applications,
Coriolis meters can detect
What type of flowmeter is best? the flow of all liquids, as
Flowmeters come in many different styles and use well as that of moderately dense gases. These
different technologies, therefore there is not one meters are excellent on applications where multiple
universal flowmeter suitable for all applications. Selecting measurements such as mass flow, volume flow,
the appropriate technology for your application requires temperature, and density are needed. A Coriolis
writing a flow specification which covers the use of the flow meter works on the principle that the inertia
meter. Knowing the critical specifications is important. created by fluid flowing through an oscillating tube
For example, Coriolis meters don’t respond fast enough causes the tube to twist in proportion to mass
for injection flow and Turbine flowmeters will not work in flowrate.
thick slurries.
Ultrasonic flowmeters
Considerations before selecting Ultrasonic flowmeters are non-
invasive and commonly used
a flowmeter in clean or dirty applications
The basis of good flowmeter selection is a clear that ordinarily cause damage
understanding of the requirements of the application. to conventional sensors. The
Therefore, time should be invested in fully evaluating the basic principle of operation
nature of the process fluid and of the overall installation. employs the frequency shift (doppler effect) of an
Your development of the specifications needed should ultrasonic signal when it is reflected by suspended
be a systematic, step-by-step process. particles or gas bubbles in motion. The transit time
method depends on the slight difference in time
taken for an ultrasonic wave to travel.
First steps to choosing the right flowmeter
Magnetic flowmeters
1. What is the fluid being measured?
Electromagnetic meters can
2. Do you require volume or mass flow measurement?
handle most liquids and
3. What is the nature and viscosity of the liquid? slurries that are electrically
4. What is the minimum and maximum process pressure? conductive. Pressure drop
5. What is the minimum and maximum process across the meter is the same
temperature? as it is through an equivalent
6. What is the minimum and maximum flowrate? length of pipe because there are no moving
7. Is the fluid chemically compatible with the flowmeter’s parts or obstructions to the flow. Electromagnetic
wetted parts? flowmeters operate in accordance to Faraday’s
law of electromagnetic induction, which states
8. What is the size of the pipe? that a voltage will be induced when a conductor
9. Do you require a local display on the flowmeter? moves through a magnetic field. The liquid serves
10. Do you require an electronic signal output and/or as the conductor; the magnetic field is created by
specialised communications protocol e.g. RS232/ energised coils outside the flow tube.
RS485, Ethernet, HART, MODBUS etc?
4
Types of OMEGA Flowmeters
5
What Fluid do you Need to Measure?
Use this table to identify which type of flowmeter suits your needs.
Things to consider are:
• Are you measuring a fluid or gas?
• Is the substance clean or corrosive?
• Do you need measurement and control?
• Do you need an indication of the measurement?
Liquid/
Application
Pulsating flow no no no no no no no no no
Semi filled no no no no no no no no no
pipes
Open channel no no no no no no no no no
Gases/ Coriolis Ultrasonic Magnetic Thermal Vortex Variable Positive Turbine Paddle
Application Mass Area Displacement Wheel
Steam no no no no yes yes no yes no
Wet no no no no no yes no no no
Contaminated no no no no no no no no no
6
Coriolis Mass Flowmeter
• 2 Year Warranty
• Calibration Certificate
• CE Approved
• IP65 Rated
Applications
Chemical Processing
Pharmaceutical
Pulp & Paper Industry
Food & Dairy
Solvents & Resins
Paints & Adhesives
Visit www.omega.co.uk/fmc-5000
Specifications
Maximum Pressure: Density Measuring:
16 bar (230 psi), [Optional: 25 bar (360 psi), Range: 0.2 to 3.0 g/cm3
40 bar (580 psi) and 63 bar (9156 psi)] Error: ± 0.002 g/cm3
Repeatability: 0.001 g/cm3
Flow Accuracy/Repeatability:
FMC-5100: 0.1/0.05% RD (Liquid Only) Pulse Output:
FMC-5200: 0.2/0.1% RD (Liquid Only) 0 to 10 Khz, +/-0.075% Full scale
FMC-5500: 0.5/0.25% RD (Gases Only)
Power Supply:
Process Temperature Range: 18 to 36vdc, 85 to 265 Vac (AC option), 15W
Integrate Type: -50 to 125°C
Remote Type: -50 to 200°C Current Output:
4 to 20 mA, 0.005% Full Scale
Ambient Temperature: -40 to 55°C
Approvals: CE, RoHS (Pending)
Working Humidity: (5 to 95%) RH at 25°C
Communications:
Temperature Accuracy: ±1.0°C 7 RS485 (RTU Modbus®), HART®
Ultrasonic Flowmeter Selection Guide
Ultrasonic flowmeters are able to perform measurement. Certain models can perform
measurement & control, and display the measurement.
No No No No No
Ultrasonic Accuracy Repeatability Down Max Max Max Min Output Connection
Flowmeter Turn Flow Pressure Temp Temp
Page
Ratio
Open
9 collector
transistor
output
FDT-40 ±1% RD ±0.5% RD 40:1 12 m/s N/A 176 °C -40 Frequency Clamp on
°C PNP or
NPN open
collector,
9
4-20mA
output,
Modbus
RTU
FD-400 ±2% FS ± 0.2% RD 180:1 9 m/s N/A 200 °C -40°C Pulse Clamp on
4 to 20 mA
relay
10
8
Ultrasonic Flowmeters
Handheld Non-Invasive
Ultrasonic Flowmeter
FDT-21
• Perfect for Quick Checks and Maintenance Tasks
• Measures the Fluid Velocity of Liquid
in a Full/Closed Pipe
• For Metallic, Plastic and Fibreglass Pipes
• Data Logging Capabilities of Over 2000 Line Data
• Positive, Negative and Net Totaliser
• 4-Line LCD Display
• 3 Different Range Sensors to Fit Pipes from DN20 - 6000
• RS232 Output
• Open Collector Output
www.omega.co.uk/fdt21
www.omega.co.uk/fdt-40
9
Ultrasonic Flowmeters
www.omega.co.uk/fd-400
Ultrasonic Measurement
and Leakage Detection
FDT500
www.omega.co.uk/fdt500
10
Magnetic Flowmeter Selection Guide
No No No No No
Page Magnetic Accuracy Repeatability Down Max Max Max Min Output Connection
Flowmeter Turn Flow Pressure Temp Temp
Ratio
FMG600 ±0.5% from 5 ±0.1% RD 100:1 26,687 145 150 °C 0 °C Adjustable Ansi Cl.150lb
to 100% Qs, LPM PSIG/ from Flange
±1% from 1 to 10 0.1 to 1000
12 5% Qs BARG gallons/
pulse/
4-20mA,
RS485
FMG90 ±1% RD ±1% RD 60:1 300 145 60 °C -10 °C Frequency BSP or NPT
LPM PSIG PNP or Thread
/ 9.6 NPN open
13
BARG collector
FMG70B ±1.5% RD ±1% RD 60:1 250 232 90 °C -20 °C Frequency BSP or NPT
with ±0.3% LPM PSIG 4 to 20 mA Thread
Range / 16
13 BARG
11
Electromagnetic Flowmeter
Applications
Wastewater
Pulp
Food & Dairy FMG-601-S FMG-606
Slurries
www.omega.co.uk/fmg600
Specifications
Flange Sizes: Accuracy:
150# ANSI: 19 to 305 mm (¾ to 12”) ±0.5% from 5 to 100% Qs,
Sanitary Tri-Clamp: 13 to 305 mm (½ to 12”) ±1% from 1 to 5% Qs
Electromagnetic Flowmeter
for OEM Applications
FMG90 Series
www.omega.co.uk/fmg90
Electromagnetic Flowmeter
for Extremely Small Spaces
FMG70B
• Extremely Compact
• Intended for Continuously Measuring
• No Moving Parts
• No Flow Obstructions
• Maintenance Free
• Operation / Flow Indicator LED
• Response Time < 500 mS
• Straight Pipe Requirements,
Inlet:10 x ID Outlet: 5 x ID
www.omega.co.uk/fmg70B
13
Magnetic Flowmeters
Magnetic Flowmeter
for Contaminated Liquid
FMG3000 and FMG3100 Series
www.omega.co.uk/fmg3000_fmg3100
FMG980 Series
www.omega.co.uk/fmg980
14
Mass Gas Flowmeter Selection Guide
Mass flowmeters are able to perform and indicate measurement, and provide measurement control.
No Yes No No Yes
Page Mass Accuracy Repeatability Down Max Max Max Min Output Connection
Flowmeter Turn Flow Pressure Temp Temp
Ratio
FMA-LP2600A ± 0.8% RD ±0.2% FS 200:1 3000 50 PSIG 50 °C -10 °C 4 to 20 mA, 10-32 UNF
± 0.2% FS SLPM / 3.4 0 to 10 Vdc thread (on
High accuracy BARG smaller
16 option:
0.4% RD ± models) and
0.2% FS FNPT
FMA-2600A ± 0.8% RD ±0.2% FS 200:1 3000 145 50 °C -10 °C 0 to 5 volts 10-32 UNF
± 0.2% FS SLPM PSIG / and thread (on
9.6 4 to 20 mA smaller
High accuracy
16 option BARG models) and
0.4% RD FNPT
± 0.2% FS
FMA-PC16 ± 0.8% RD ± 0.2% FS 200:1 1500 145 50 °C -10 °C RS232, 10-32 UNF
± 0.2% FS SLPM PSIG / USB thread (on
9.6 smaller
19 High Accuracy BARG models) and
option FNPT
± 0.8% RD
± 0.2% FS
15
Mass Gas Flowmeters
www.omega.co.uk/fma-lp2600a
www.omega.co.uk/fma2600_fvl2600
16
Mass Gas Flowmeters
www.omega.co.uk/FMA1700A_1800A
www.omega.co.uk/fma6600_fma6700
17
Mass Gas Flowmeters
www.omega.co.uk/fma6500
www.omega.co.uk/fmaa2100_2200_2300_2400
18
Mass Gas Flowmeters
Mass Flowmeter
and Totaliser for Gas
FMA-4100/4300 Series
www.omega.co.uk/fma4100_4300
www.omega.co.uk/fma-pc16
19
Vortex Flowmeter Selection Guide
Vortex flowmeters are able to perform and indicate measurement, and provide measurement control
Suitable Clean Dirty Conductive Viscous Slurries Corrosive Reverse Pulsating Semi Filled Open
Fluids Flow Flow Pipes Channel
Yes Yes Yes No No Yes No No No No
Vortex Accuracy Repeatability Down Max Max Max Min Output Connection
Flowmeter Turn Flow Pressure Temp Temp
Page
Ratio
FV-500C ±0.75% FS- ±0.2% FS 20:1 9492 914 260 °C -40 °C 4 to 20 mA, ANSI 150,
Series Liquid GPM / PSIG Pulse 300 LB
2155 / 63 Output, Flange
±1% FS - Gas LPM BARG Open
21
Collector
20
Vortex Flowmeters
www.omega.co.uk/fv500C
www.omega.co.uk/fv100
21
Variable Area Flowmeters Selection Guide
Variable area flowmeters are able to indicate measurement and provide control
Variable Accuracy Repeatability Down Max Max Max Min Output Connection
Area Turn Flow Pressure Temp Temp
Page
Flowmeter Ratio
FL-3600 ±2% FS ±0.25% FS 10: 1 59 LPM 200 121 °C 0 °C N/A 1/8 FNPT
PSIG
13.8
BARG
23
FLD Series ±5% FS ±0.25% 10: 1 GASES: 200 121 °C 0 °C N/A 1/8 FNPT
42 LPM / PSIG
LIQUID: 13.8
2 LPM BARG
24
22
Variable Area Flowmeters
www.omega.co.uk/fl2000
www.omega.co.uk/fl3600_fl3800
23
Variable Area Flowmeters
www.omega.co.uk/fl-2500_series
www.omega.co.uk/fld
24
Positive Displacement Flowmeter Guide
PD flowmeters are able to perform measurement, provide control, and indicate measurement
PD Flowmeter Applications
Suitable Clean Dirty Conductive Viscous Slurries Corrosive Reverse Pulsating Semi Filled Open
Fluids Flow Flow Pipes Channel
Yes No Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No No
No No No No No
Positive Accuracy Repeatability Down Max Max Max Min Output Connection
Page Displacement Turn Flow Pressure Temp Temp
Ratio
FPD3300 ±0.5% RD ±0.03% 15:1 317 2000 80 °C -40 °C 4 to 20 mA, DIN, JIS,
GPM / PSIG ANSI, NPT or
1200 / 137 BSP
LPM BARG
26
FPD3100 ±0.5% RD ±0.03% 15:1 8 GPM 150 80 °C -40 °C 4 to 20 mA, BSP or NPT
/ 30 PSIG thread
LPM / 10
BARG
26
FPDM3000 ±1% RD ±0.03% 15:1 130 500 120 °C -40 °C Mechanical DIN, JIS,
GPM PSIG totaliser, ANSI, NPT or
/ 500 / 34.4 BSP
LPM BARG
27
25
Positive Displacement Flowmeters
www.omega.co.uk/fpd3300
www.omega.co.uk/fpd3100
26
Positive Displacement Flowmeters
www.omega.co.uk/fpdm3000
www.omega.co.uk/fpd2000_series
27
Turbine Flowmeter Guide
Turbine flowmeters are able to perform measurement, indicate measurement and provide control
Suitable Clean Dirty Conductive Viscous Slurries Corrosive Reverse Pulsating Semi Filled Open
Fluids Flow Flow Pipes Channel
Yes No Yes Limited No Yes No No No No
Turbine Accuracy Repeatability Down Max Max Max Min Output Connection
Page Flowmeter Turn Flow Pressure Temp Temp
Ratio
FTB600B ±1% RD ±1% RD 30:1 120 150 PSIG/ 82 °C -40 °C Pulse Hose fitting,
LPM 10.3 BARG PNP/NPN NPT Fitting
frequency
29
FTB2000 ±3% RD ±0.5% RD 15:1 30 LPM 198 PSIG/ 100 °C -20 °C NPN sinking 3/8” NPT
13.7 BARG open Fitting
collector
29
FTB-1400 ±1% RD ±0.1% RD 10:1 681 5000 PSIG/ Up to -101 Pulse NPT, BSP
LPM 345 BARG 232 °C °C 4 to 20 mA Optional
30
FTB-700S ±1% FS - 100:1 11,350 200 PSIG/ 93 °C 0 °C Pulse ANSI cl. 150
LPM 13.8 BARG 4 to 20 mA lb Flange
30
28
Turbine Flowmeters
www.omega.co.uk/ftb600
www.omega.co.uk/ftb2000
29
Turbine Flowmeters
www.omega.co.uk/ftb700
www.omega.co.uk/ftb1400_series
30
Turbine Flowmeters
www.omega.co.uk/flr1000
www.omega.co.uk/ftb790
31
Paddle Wheel Flowmeter Selection Guide
Paddle wheel flowmeters are able to perform measurement, certain models can perform
measurement & control, and display the measurement
No No No No No
Paddle wheel Accuracy Repeatability Down Max Max Max Min Output Connection
Turn Flow Pressure Temp Temp
Page
Ratio
FPR-200 ±2% FS ±0.5% FS 10:1 189.3 LPM 500 107 °C -7 °C 4 to 20 mA or NPT fittings/
/50 GPM PSIG 0 to 5 Vdc NPT to
34 BSPP/BSPT
BARG Pulse output adapters
and relay available
33 option
FP-5600 ±1% FS ±0.5% FS 66:1 0.1 to 6 200 85 °C -18 °C Open 1-1/4” NPSM
m/s PSIG / at 1.7 collector
13.8 BARG / output
0.3 to 20 BARG 25 PSIG
34 fps at 20 °C
32
Paddle Wheel Flowmeters
www.omega.co.uk/fpr200
www.omega.co.uk/fp1400
33
Paddle Wheel Flowmeters
www.omega.co.uk/FP6500
www.omega.co.uk/fp5600_8500a
34
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