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Forest and Wildlife Resources Notes

The document discusses the importance of biodiversity and forests, highlighting their roles in ecological systems, air and water quality, and as resources for humans. It outlines various types of forests in India, the benefits of Joint Forest Management, government actions for species protection, and community involvement in conservation efforts. Additionally, it details steps taken by the government for forest and wildlife conservation, including the establishment of national parks and the Indian Wildlife Protection Act.

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10 views

Forest and Wildlife Resources Notes

The document discusses the importance of biodiversity and forests, highlighting their roles in ecological systems, air and water quality, and as resources for humans. It outlines various types of forests in India, the benefits of Joint Forest Management, government actions for species protection, and community involvement in conservation efforts. Additionally, it details steps taken by the government for forest and wildlife conservation, including the establishment of national parks and the Indian Wildlife Protection Act.

Uploaded by

adith.konda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Forest and Wildlife Resources

1. What is Biodiversity? Why is biodiversity important for human lives?


A. Biodiversity is the number and variety of organisms found within a specified
geographic region.
Importance of Biodiversity:
1.The plants, animals, and micro-organisms re-create the quality of the air we
breathe, the water we drink, and the soil that produces our food.
2. Forests play a key role in the ecological system as these are also the primary
producers on which all other living beings depend.
3. The forest ecosystems are repositories of some of the country's most valuable
forest products, minerals, and other resources.

2. “Forests play a key role in the ecological system.” Highlight the value of forests in
our life.
A. Importance of Forests:
1. Forests play a key role in the ecological system as these are the primary
producers on which all other living beings depend.
2. It supports diverse flora and fauna which are part of our life.
3. It provides us with fruits, flowers, medicine, wood, etc.

3. Classify the types of forests found in India and explain them.


A. Types of forests found in India:
1.Reserved forests: More than half of the total forest land has been declared
reserved forests. Reserved forests are regarded as the most valuable as far as the
conservation of forest and wildlife resources is concerned.
2. Protected forests: Almost 1/3rd of the total forest area is protected forest, as
declared by the Forest Department. This forest land is protected from any further
depletion.
3.Unclassed forests: These are other forests and wastelands belonging to both
government and private individuals and communities.
Reserved and protected forests are also referred to as permanent forests.

4. How has Joint Forest Management (JFM) proved to be beneficial in Orissa?


A. JFM furnishes a good example for involving local communities in the
management and restoration of degraded forests. The program has been in formal
existence since 1988. JFM depends on the formation of local (village) institutions
that undertake protection activities mostly on degraded forest land managed by the
forest department. In return, the members of these communities are entitled to
intermediary benefits like non-timbers forest produces and share in the timber
harvested by ‘successful protection'.

5. Describe the steps taken by the government to protect the species from becoming
extinct.
A. Steps taken by the government to protect the species from becoming extinct are:
1.The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act was implemented in 1972, with various
provisions for protecting habitats.
2. An all-India list of protected species was also published.
3.The main focus was on protecting the remaining population of certain endangered
species by banning hunting, giving legal protection to their habitats.
4. Central and many state governments established national parks and wildlife
sanctuaries.
5. The central government also announced several projects for protecting specific
animals.

6. Describe the role of the community in forest and wildlife conservation.


A. Role of the community in forest and wildlife conservation:
1. In some areas of India, local communities are struggling to conserve forests (their
habitat) along with government officials.
2. In Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, villagers have fought against mining by
citing the Wildlife Protection Act.
3.The inhabitants of five villages in the Alwar district of Rajasthan have declared
1,200 hectares of forest as the Bhairodev Dakav ‘Sonchuri’, declaring their own set
of rules and regulations which do not allow hunting and protecting the wildlife
against any outside encroachments.
4. The famous Chipko movement in the Himalayas successfully resisted
deforestation and showed that community afforestation with indigenous species can
be enormously successful.
5. Farmers and citizen groups like the Beej Bachao Andolan in Tehri and Navdanya
have shown that diversified crop production without the use of synthetic chemicals
is possible and economically viable.
6. Joint Forest Management is a program that involves local communities in the
management and restoration of degraded forests.

7. What steps have been taken by the government for the conservation of forest and
wildlife in India? Explain. OR
Write any three effective practices towards conserving forests and wildlife
A. (i) National parks, biosphere and wildlife sanctuaries: To protect the biodiversity,
the Indian government has established national parks, sanctuaries and biosphere
reserves.
(ii) The Indian Wildlife Protection Act: The Indian Wildlife Protection Act was
implemented in 1972, with various provisions for protecting habitats. An all-India
list of protected species was also published.
(iii) Projects for protecting specific animals: The central government has also
announced several projects for protecting specific animals which were greatly
threatened, including the tiger, the one-horned rhinoceros, the Kashmir stag or
hangul, the three types of crocodiles, Asiatic lion and others.
(iv) Forest Policy: India is one of the few countries which has a forest policy since
1894. It was revised in 1952 and again in 1988. The main plank of the forest policy
is protection, conservation and development of forests.
(v) Forest Research Institutes: Indian government has created many forest Research
Institutes for the research, protection and development of the forests. IFS Dehradun
is the oldest research institution of the country.

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