Scribd
Upload
7 views

Lecture-28 (5-12-2023)

The document discusses the use of structures in C++ programming, including how to declare arrays of structures, access their members, and pass them to functions. It provides examples of complex number operations, such as addition, using structures and pointers. Additionally, it includes practice problems related to structures and functions.

Uploaded by

Prapul Chandran Moluguru
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
7 views

Lecture-28 (5-12-2023)

The document discusses the use of structures in C++ programming, including how to declare arrays of structures, access their members, and pass them to functions. It provides examples of complex number operations, such as addition, using structures and pointers. Additionally, it includes practice problems related to structures and functions.

Uploaded by

Prapul Chandran Moluguru
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

Problem Solving and

MA144:
Computer Programming

Lecture-28
Structures-2
Array of Structures
Once a structure data-type has been defined, we can
declare an array of structures.
struct ECE
{
int rollNo;
char name[20];
int marks;
};
ECE student[55];

The individual members can be accessed as:


student[k].rollNo roll number of the kth student
student[k].marks marks of the kth student
student[k].name name of the kth student
student[k].name[i] i th character in the name of
kth student
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
struct complex
{ int real; Addition of Complex numbers
int img;
};
int main()
{ complex z[2],w;
int i;
for(i=0;i<2;i++)
{
cout<<"enter complext number "<<i+1<<": ";
cin>>z[i].real>>z[i].img;
}
w.real=z[0].real+z[1].real;
w.img=z[0].img+z[1].img;
cout<<"sum of "<<z[0].real<<"+i"
<<z[0].img<<" and "<<z[1].real<<"+i"
<<z[1].img<<" is "<<endl;
cout<<w.real<<"+i"<<w.img;
return 0;
}
Structures and Functions
Structures are passed by value to functions
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
struct complex
{ int real;
int img;
};
void sum(complex,complex);
int main()
{ complex z[2];
int i;
for(i=0;i<2;i++){
cout<<"enter complext number "<<i+1<<": ";
cin>>z[i].real>>z[i].img;
}
sum(z[0],z[1]);

return 0;
}
void sum(complex z0,complex z1)
{ complex w;
w.real=z0.real+z1.real;
w.img=z0.img+z1.img;
cout<<"sum of "<<z0.real<<"+i("<<z0.img<<") and
"<<z1.real<<"+i("<<z1.img<<") is "<<endl;
cout<<w.real<<"+i"<<w.img;
}
Structures can be returned from functions
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
struct complex
{ int real;
int img;
};
complex sum(complex,complex);
int main()
{ complex z[2],w;
int i;
for(i=0;i<2;i++){
cout<<"enter complext number "<<i+1<<": ";
cin>>z[i].real>>z[i].img;
}
w=sum(z[0],z[1]);
cout<<"sum of "<<z[0].real<<"+i("<<z[0].img<<")
and "<<z[1].real<<"+i("<<z[1].img<<") is "<<endl;
cout<<w.real<<"+i"<<w.img;
return 0;
}
complex sum(complex z0,complex z1)
{ complex w;
w.real=z0.real+z1.real;
w.img=z0.img+z1.img;
return w;
}
Structures are passed by reference to functions
struct complex
{ int real;
int img;
};
void swap(complex&,complex&);
int main()
{ complex z[2],w;
int i;
for(i=0;i<2;i++){
cout<<"enter complext number "<<i+1<<": ";
cin>>z[i].real>>z[i].img;
}
cout<<"z[0] = "<<z[0].real<<"+i("<<z[0].img<<") "
<<endl;
cout<<"z[1] = "<<z[1].real<<"+i("<<z[1].img<<") "
<<endl;
swap(z[0],z[1]);
cout<<"after swapping:"<<endl;
cout<<"z[0] = "<<z[0].real<<"+I
("<<z[0].img<<")"<<endl;
cout<<"z[1] = "<<z[1].real<<"+I
("<<z[1].img<<")"<<endl;
return 0;
}
void swap(complex& z0,complex& z1)
{ complex w;
w=z0;
z0=z1;
z1=w;
}
Pointers to Structures
struct complex
{ int real; z–>real and (*z).real are same.
int img; *z.real will lead to error
};
int main()
{ complex *z,w;
z=&w;
cout<<"enter complext number : ";
cin>>(*z).real>>(*z).img;
cout<<"The entered complex number is ";
cout<<(*z).real<<"+i("<<(*z).img<<")";
cout<<endl;
cout<<z->real<<"+i("<<z->img<<")";
return 0;
}
#include<iostream> Sum of complex numbers using
using namespace std; pointers and functions
struct complex
{ int real;
int img;
};
void sum(complex*,complex*, complex*);
int main()
{ complex z[2],w;
int i;
for(i=0;i<2;i++){
cout<<"enter complext number "<<i+1<<": ";
cin>>z[i].real>>z[i].img;
}
sum(&z[0],&z[1],&w);
cout<<"sum of "<<z[0].real<<"+i("<<z[0].img<<")
and "<<z[1].real<<"+i("<<z[1].img<<") is "<<endl;
cout<<w.real<<"+i("<<w.img<<")";
return 0;
}
void sum(complex* z0,complex* z1, complex *w1)
{
w1->real=z0->real+z1->real;
w1->img=z0->img+z1->img;
}
A Warning

• The operator –> enjoys the highest priority among


operators.
++ptr –> roll will increment roll, not ptr.
(++ptr) –> roll will increment the pointer
(to the next structure in an array) and access roll
in the next structure.
Practice Problems (using structures)

1. Write a function to find two complex numbers multiplication


2. Write a function to find two complex numbers division
3. Write a function to find addition of two polynomials
4. Write a function to find product of two polynomials
5. Write a function to return the distance between
two given points
6. Write a function to return the middle point of the
line segment joining two given points
7. Write a function to compute the area of a triangle
formed by three given points

You might also like