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Chapter 6 - ICT Overview

This document provides an overview of Information and Communications Technology (ICT), highlighting its distinction from Information Technology (IT) and its applications in everyday life, including e-commerce, e-learning, teleworking, and various communication tools. It also discusses current trends in ICT such as the Internet of Things, augmented reality, virtual reality, machine learning, automation, big data, and physical-digital integrations. The learning objectives focus on understanding the transition from IT to ICT, identifying ICT in daily life, and recognizing current trends.

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5 views

Chapter 6 - ICT Overview

This document provides an overview of Information and Communications Technology (ICT), highlighting its distinction from Information Technology (IT) and its applications in everyday life, including e-commerce, e-learning, teleworking, and various communication tools. It also discusses current trends in ICT such as the Internet of Things, augmented reality, virtual reality, machine learning, automation, big data, and physical-digital integrations. The learning objectives focus on understanding the transition from IT to ICT, identifying ICT in daily life, and recognizing current trends.

Uploaded by

joshua andrada
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CAE 020 – Intro.

to
Accounting Information
System
CHAPTER 6 – ICT OVERVIEW
BY: ROMAN B. VILLONES, MIT
Learning Objectives
• To understand the transition between IT and ICT
• To identify the ICT in our Everyday Life
• To understand the Current Trends in ICT
IT to ICT
Information Technology - is the abbreviation for Information Technology, and is used within
texts to be concise. IT refers to the entire information domain, which includes the hardware,
software, peripherals, and network.
IT to ICT
Information and Communications Technology - The term is used mostly within the academic
arena to refer to the branch of IT related to digital devices that are used to communicate or
interact with digital information. This term is used to describe a very specific area of IT and is
more specific than the general idea of networking.
IT to ICT
The difference between IT and ICT is the concepts that the terms cover. ICT is simply a specific
area of IT. The concepts covered within ICT are part of the IT industry but not all IT concepts are
covered by the term ICT.
ICT in Everyday Life
Internet Services
◦ E-commerce is a form of trade that allows customers to browse and purchase products
online.
◦ E-banking allows users to have control over their accounts (view balances and transactions),
transactions from one account to another, credit payment, shopping vouchers for mobile
phones etc.
◦ E-government use of information technology to provide better public access to government
information, therefore providing citizens with their human right to information.
ICT in Everyday Life
E-Learning - consists of all forms of learning and/or knowledge transfer that are based on
electronic technologies. This term will mostly be used to describe learning and/or dissemination
of knowledge without direct teacher-student contact, while using ICT technology.
ICT in Everyday Life
Advantages of E-Learning to students
◦ Adaptive time, place and pace of learning
◦ Access and availability of education
◦ Unlimited repetition of lectures
◦ Reduced cost of education
◦ Multimedia environment (video, audio, text)
ICT in Everyday Life
Advantages of E-Learning to teachers
◦ Reduced costs of conducting teaching (reduced travel costs and accommodation, reduced or
eliminated costs for classrooms, etc.)
◦ Much larger education user base
◦ Once created, e-education allows educational staff to invest a much shorter time
commitment to implement the respective education
ICT in Everyday Life
Teleworking - Quality of IT infrastructure, good computer literacy, type of work that can be done
from any place with a computer equipped with necessary programs, employees with a
professional attitude towards work, organization of work adapted to this operation mode.
ICT in Everyday Life
Advantages of Teleworking
◦ Reduced utility costs and employee’s transportation reimbursement
◦ Reduced time for traveling to and from work
◦ Adapting working conditions to personal habits-flexibility
◦ Possibility of working in the convenience of a person’s home (or other places that are not an
office),
◦ Lower stress level, provided there is a good organization and coordination, i.e. the flow of
information between employees is unconstrained
◦ An excellent solution for people with disabilities or long term illness, parents, or those who
enjoy traveling.
ICT in Everyday Life
Disadvantages of Teleworking
◦ Physical isolation - lack of direct social contact with colleagues
◦ Not suitable for everyone - requires a certain dose of self control and motivation
◦ Less opportunity for advancement due to lack of traditional vertical hierarchy in the company,
however horizontal hierarchy is created, where no one is above anyone, but everyone has
their own duties and obligations
◦ Less emphasis on teamwork in the traditional sense.
ICT in Everyday Life
Advantages of E-mail in Business Communication
◦ Speed
◦ Geographic Barrier Reduction
◦ Targeted Marketing
◦ Efficiency
◦ Lower Costs
ICT in Everyday Life
Advantages of E-mail in Business Communication
◦ Speed
◦ Geographic Barrier Reduction
◦ Targeted Marketing
◦ Efficiency
◦ Lower Costs
ICT in Everyday Life
Instant Messaging - is used for instant message exchange and real time communication. Besides
textual communication and videoconferencing, they allow file transfer as well. Some of the
popular IM services are: Windows Live Messenger, Skype, and Google Talk.
ICT in Everyday Life
Advantages of Instant Messaging to Business
◦ Cost Saving
◦ Convenient

Disadvantages of Instant Messaging to Business


◦ Viruses
◦ Sensitive Information
ICT in Everyday Life
Voice over Internet Protocol - is a term for technology that enables digitalization and transfer of
sound (and multimedia sessions) over the Internet. Therefore, it enables sound communication
much like the telephone call. In short, VoIP protocol enables audio/video communication
between users. Proceed with the benefits of VoIP for business.
ICT in Everyday Life
Virtual Communities - encompasses a group of people who communicate via social networks,
forums, IM service, blogs. We call it a community, since they are a collection of people who
participate in a group of their interests, thus forming a virtual community, because it does not
involve physical contact, but is carried out by means of ICT technologies.
ICT in Everyday Life
Examples of Virtual Community
◦ Social Networks - are free online services that provide users with various forms of
presentation and communication. Some of the more popular social networks are: MySpace,
Facebook, Twitter, Google+.
◦ Forum - is a service that allows users to exchange opinions. It can be compared to bulletin
boards on which participants leave their messages, while others leave their comments.
Examples of forums are: Reddit, TED Conversations.
◦ MMO (Massive Multiplayer Online) - are network games, played by a large number of players
via the Internet.
◦ Webpage - allows a real-time information exchange. Unlike the instant messaging writing
software, it does not require computer installation, only a web browser and Internet
connection.
◦ Video clip sharing - The most popular service is Youtube
◦ Photograph exchange services - Photobucket, Flickr, lolcats.
Current Trends in ICT
Internet of Things - describes the network of physical objects—“things”—that are embedded
with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging
data with other devices and systems over the internet.
Current Trends in ICT
Augmented Reality - an interactive experience that enhances the real world with computer-
generated perceptual information. Using software, apps, and hardware such as AR glasses,
augmented reality overlays digital content onto real-life environments and objects.
Current Trends in ICT
Virtual Reality - the computer-generated simulation of a three-dimensional image or
environment that can be interacted with in a seemingly real or physical way by a person using
special electronic equipment, such as a helmet with a screen inside or gloves fitted with sensors.
Current Trends in ICT
Machine Learning - the use and development of computer systems that are able to learn and
adapt without following explicit instructions, by using algorithms and statistical models to
analyze and draw inferences from patterns in data..
Current Trends in ICT
Automation - the use of largely automatic equipment in a system of manufacturing or other
production process.
Current Trends in ICT
Big Data - extremely large data sets that may be analyzed computationally to reveal patterns,
trends, and associations, especially relating to human behavior and interactions.
Current Trends in ICT
Physical-digital Integrations- is an innovative combination of software and hardware technology,
which allows facilities to connect their equipment, applications and information systems
together to achieve faster, more streamlined and ultimately improved patient outcomes.
Learning Outcomes
• Are you able to understand the transition between IT and ICT?
• Are you able to identify the ICT in our Everyday Life?
• Are you able to understand the Current Trends in ICT?
Questions?

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