LEADERSHIP

- Defined as an ability, activity or methods to lead a group of people

towards a goal or to a particular position where the achievement of
final result can be attainable.

MANAGEMENT
- Is the coordination and organization of different activities of a business
process in order to achieve the vision and mission of an organization

5 COMMON LEADERSHIP STYLES

1. Autocratic
Autocratic or authoritarian leadership is a style of management that focuses
on maximizing efficiency and results through making decisions without
taking any input from other team members.
Autocratic leaders make decisions on their own and expect people to adhere
to their directions without question.
Authoritarian leadership can present some advantages. For example,
autocratic leaders often make quick decisions and provide clear directions
that make it easy to understand their objectives.

2. Democratic

Democratic leadership is often considered to be a more effective alternative

to autocratic leadership. Democratic leaders consult their team members
and listen to their input before making a major decision. While the manager
ultimately has the final say, employees are able to offer their opinions,
making them feel more valued and appreciated.
Democratic leadership offers several advantages. It helps lower-level
employees develop leadership and decision-making skills that they will likely
need as they climb up the ladder. It also helps managers make more
informed business decisions as they receive valuable input from employees
in specialized roles.

3. Transactional

Transactional leadership is a performance-based style of leadership that

rewards employees for the work they do.

Transactional leaders value achieving goals and often set performance-

based incentives to motivate their employees. This may include financial
bonuses for hitting certain milestones, or in some cases, disciplinary actions
for employees that don’t complete their objectives.

4. Laissez-faire

Laissez-faire leadership typically involves delegating tasks to team members

and offering very little supervision or direction. Leaders pass authority on to
their team members and trust them to find the best way to perform their
jobs and accomplish goals.

This style of leadership can be effective in teams that include experienced,

highly-skilled employees that can be trusted to manage themselves. Laissez-
faire leadership also often instills confidence in employees as they feel
empowered and trusted.

5. Transformational

Transformational leaders are focused on establishing clear goals and

encouraging pushing employees to perform their best. Often,
transformational leaders will give employees goals and milestones that may
be simple at first but are constantly evolving with the intention of pushing
employees out of their comfort zones.

This style of leadership is common with growth-minded managers that want

to see what their employees are capable of. These types of leaders are often
delegating new responsibilities and tasks to employees to help them grow
and maximize their performances.

In community settings:

LEADERSHIP
u A community leader's job is not to take on all the problems of the world
themselves and fix everything, but rather to work together with
 everyone in the community, to mobilize and guide others, to facilitate
solutions and thing about the long-term health of the community and
its people.
u A community should allow for emerging leadership or sharing of
leadership responsibilities by the core group. Community leaders give
direction to the community, connect members and facilitate
discussions, but they do not have authority over members or own the
community.
CONCEPTS
u A community leader's job is not to take on all the problems of the world
themselves and fix everything, but rather to work together with
everyone in the community, to mobilize and guide others, to facilitate
solutions and thing about the long-term health of the
community and its people.
u A community should allow for emerging leadership or sharing of
leadership responsibilities by the core group. Community leaders give
direction to the community, connect members and facilitate
discussions, but they do not have authority over members or own the
community.

QUALITIES

QUALITIES

PRINCIPLES
 u Leadership principles are the set of actions or guiding beliefs
that leaders can implement to move them toward success.
1. Focus on the situation, issue, or behavior, not on the person.
2. Maintain the self-confidence and self-esteem of others.
3. Maintain constructive relationships with your employees, peers, and
managers.
4. Take initiative to make things better.
5. Lead by example.

5 ESSENTIAL LEADERSHIP SKILLS AND PRACTICES

1. SELF- DEVELOPMENT
2. TEAM DEVELOPMENT
3. STRATEGIC PRACTICE AND CIVIC- MINDEDNESS
4. INNOVATION

3 MOST IMPORTANT ROLE OF A LEADER

1. THE VISIONARY – A good leader clearly defines where their team is

going and how they are going to get there. Leaders create a shared
vision and communicate it so powerfully that others join them on the
journey. Someone who is innovative and is able to leverage on ideas
and concepts from his or her team and merge them into a concrete
plan.

2. THE STRATEGIST - Consistently achieve results with and through

others using disciplined and carefully planned processes. Be
transparent and be ready for a transformation when it is required –
which means stop resisting change and adapt yourself to technologies
and trends that is fit for your business.

3. THE TALENT ADVOCATOR - A leader unleashes the ability of each

person on their team to improve performance, solve problems and
grow their careers. be more of a coach, teach what you have learned,
listen to their feedback and concern, address the problems quickly and
be available where required.
 THE 5 LEVELS OF LEADERSHIP
LEVEL 1 – POSITION

The entry level. It’s the only level that requires no ability or effort to achieve.
It’s like someone appointed you in the position.

LEVEL 2 – PERMISSION

It is based on relationship. The people choose to follow because they wanted

you to lead them. It is trust grows, which usually leads to respect and leads
to positive environment.

LEVEL 3 – PRODUCTION

To know how to motivate their people to getting things done. It is to produce

result build their influence and credibility.

LEVEL 4 – PEOPLE DEVELOPMENT

reproduction. Your goal at this level is to identify and develop as many

leaders as you can by investing in them and helping them grow. It is when
you invest to them by giving them opportunity and help them grow.

LEVEL 5 – PINNACLE

The highest level, the most challenging to attain and requires longevity as
well as intentionally. They create opportunities other leaders don’t. They
create a legacy in what they do. People follow them because of who they are
and what they represent. In other words, their leadership gains a
positive reputation

MANAGERS AND LEADERS

u Management and leadership are important for the delivery of good

health services. Although the two are similar in some respects, they
may involve different types of outlooks, skills, and behaviors. Good
managers should strive to be good leaders and good leaders, need
management skills to be effective.

Leaders will have a vision of what can be achieved and then communicate
this to others and evolve strategies for realizing the vision. They motivate
people and are able to negotiate for resources and other support to achieve
their goals.

Managers ensure that the available resources are well organized and
applied to produce the best results. In the resource constrained and difficult
environments of many low – to middle-income countries, a manager must
also be a leader to achieve optimum results.

The aim of good management is to provide services to the community in

an appropriate, efficient, equitable, and sustainable manner. Th is can only
be achieved if key resources for service provision, including human
resources, finances, hardware and process aspects of care delivery are
brought together at the point of service delivery and are carefully
synchronized. Critical management considerations for assessment and
planning, managing the care process, human resources, interacting with the
community, and managing information are covered in the Planning, Human
Resources, Integration and Monitoring chapters. Th is chapter first discusses
good management and leadership in general, then outlines relevant
considerations for managing relations with patients and the district team, as
well as finances and hardware and management schedules.

u https://anthologycoaching.com/ten-qualities-effective-leadership/

u https://bradpoulos.com/entrepreneurship/five-basic-leadership-
principles/

u https://www.johnmaxwell.com/blog/the-5-levels-of-leadership1/

u https://www.who.int/hiv/pub/imai/om_10_leadership_management.pdf/

u https://hrdqstore.com/blogs/hrdq-blog/types-leadership-styles-
management/

Direction: Read and understand the following questions below and choose
the best answer.

1. ______________ is defined as an ability, activity or methods to lead a group

of people towards a goal or to a particular position where the achievement of
final result can be attainable.
A. Performance B. Leadership
C. Management D. Organization

2. Every leader possesses the different common leadership styles except:

A. Autocratic B. Democratic,
C. Transitional D. Transformational

3. What are the qualities of a good leadership to meet the goals and
objectives of an organization?

I. Most employees feel insecure about their work and need direction.
II. Employees want frequent and supportive communication from their
supervisor.
III. Providing guidance without pressure is the key to being a good
leader/supervisor.
IV. Supervisor must give rewards in order to motivate them to achieve
organizational objectives.
A. II, I, IV B. I, II, III
C. II, III IV D. I, II, III, IV

4. What kind of leaders who are focused on establishing clear goals and
encouraging pushing employees to perform their best. These leaders will
give employees goals and milestones that may be simple at first but are
constantly evolving with the intention of pushing employees out of their
comfort zones.
A. Autocratic B. Democratic
C. Laissez-Faire D. Transformational

5. These are leadership principles that will set actions or guiding beliefs that
leaders can implement to move them toward success except:
A. Don’t take initiative to make things better.
B. Maintain the self-confidence and self-esteem of others.
C. Focus on the situation, issue, or behavior, not on the person.
D. Maintain constructive relationships with your employees, peers, and
managers.

6. What is the difference between leadership and management?

A. Management is not more about process while leadership is primarily about

people and attitude.

B. Management skills and knowledge are not fundamental and can be taught
while leadership tends to be a factor of personality and experience.

C. Management with leadership will be fine in a culture of compliance and

conformity but leadership without management can lead to maverick
behavior.

D. Management skills required to manage people and resources to deliver a

product or service while leadership skills required to engage with people and
persuade to “buy – in” to a vision or goal.

7. What is the highest level of leadership according to John C. Maxwell? This

is the most challenging to attain and requires longevity as well as
intentionally. They create opportunities other leaders don’t. They create a
legacy in what they do. People follow them because of who they are and
what they represent. In other words, their leadership gains a
positive reputation.
A. People B. Production
C. Pinnacle D. People development

8. What are the most important character traits of a good leader?

A. Empathy, commitment, inspire and self-centeredness
B. Honesty, commitment, positive attitude and accountability
C. Creativity, positive attitude, enthusiastic and irresponsible
D. Focus and drive, honesty, humble and lack of discipline

9. _____________is a good leader clearly defines where their team is going and
how they are going to get there. Leaders create a shared vision and
communicate it so powerfully that others join them on the journey. Someone
who is innovative and is able to leverage on ideas and concepts from his or
her team and merge them into a concrete plan.

A. The visionary B. The strategist

C. The advocator D. The philanthropist

10. How do you handle criticism as a leader?

A. Make plans to act on constructive criticism.
B. Thank those who offer constructive criticism.
C. A good leader should be open to criticism and constructive feedback from
team members.
D. All of the above

KEY TO CORRECTION:
1. B 6. D
2. C 7. C
3. C 8. B
4. D 9. A
5. A 10.D