N35875 GCE Physics AdvSub Unit1 6PH01 Jun10.Indd
N35875 GCE Physics AdvSub Unit1 6PH01 Jun10.Indd
3 A car pulls a trailer of weight 2500 N with a force of 20 N for a distance of 8 km along
Information a horizontal road.
• The total mark for this paper is 80.
How much work is done by the car in pulling the trailer?
• – usemarks
The for each question are shown in brackets
this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question. A 160 J
• Questions labelled with an asterisk (*) are ones where the quality of your
written communication will be assessed
B 20 000 J
– you should take particular care with your spelling, punctuation and grammar, C 160 000 J
as well as the clarity of expression, on these questions.
• The list of data, formulae and relationships is printed at the end of this booklet. D 20 000 000 J
N35875A
©2010 Edexcel Limited.
*N35875A0124*
1/1/1/1/ 2
*N35875A0224*
PMT PMT
4 A person is standing at point C in a train carriage travelling round a sharp bend to the 5 Which of the following units could be used for power?
right. The person jumps up. Nearest which marked point is the person most likely to
land? A kg m s–2
B kg m2 s–2
Direction of bend
C kg m2 s–3
D kg2 m2 s–3
6 A ball is thrown straight up in the air and caught when it comes down. Which graph
best shows the velocity of the ball from the moment it is released until just before it is
caught?
Velocity Velocity
A B C
D Time Time
A B
Velocity Velocity
A
B
C
Time Time
C D
D
A B C D
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PMT PMT
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PMT PMT
SECTION B *12 Explain the difference between elastic deformation and plastic deformation. Use the
behaviour of the same material or object to illustrate both types of deformation.
Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided.
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11 The diagram shows part of the upper surface of an aeroplane wing.
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................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
A
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
Direction of motion ................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
of the wing
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
8
*N35875A0824*
7
*N35875A0724* Turn over
PMT PMT
13 Archer fish spit water droplets at insects from the surface of the water. 14 One method used to find the viscosity of a liquid is to measure the terminal velocity of a
solid spherical object falling through it.
(a) The Archer fish spits a droplet of water with a velocity of 3.5 m s–1 at an angle of
70° to the horizontal, aiming for an insect on a branch above the surface of the water. In such an experiment the following data are provided:
The horizontal distance to the insect is 0.4 m. weight of sphere = 4.8 × 10–3 N
radius of sphere = 2.5 × 10–3 m
volume of sphere = 6.5 × 10–8 m3
density of liquid = 1300 kg m–3
(a) Show that the upthrust is about 8 × 10–4 N.
(2)
y
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
0.4 m
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
(b) The terminal velocity is found to be 4.6 × 10–2 m s–1. Use this value to show that the
viscosity of the liquid is about 2 kg m–1 s–1.
(3)
(i) Show that the initial horizontal component of velocity for the droplet is about
1 m s–1. ................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
(2)
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.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
(ii) Calculate the vertical distance, y, to the insect if the droplet hits the insect.
(5) ................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
(c) The students carrying out this experiment wish to repeat it on another day using the
same equipment. State another relevant variable that needs to be controlled to make
.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
this a fair test.
(1)
.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
Distance = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... .
(b) Sketch the path of the water droplet on the diagram above.
(1)
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*N35875A01024*
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*N35875A0924* Turn over
PMT PMT
15 The photograph shows the top of an inspection cover for a drain. 16 There has been a proposal to build a train tunnel underneath the Atlantic Ocean from
England to America. The suggestion is that in the future the trip of 5000 km could take
as little as one hour.
Assume that half the time is spent accelerating uniformly and the other half is spent
decelerating uniformly with the same magnitude as the acceleration.
(a) Show that the acceleration would be about 2 m s–2.
(2)
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
(a) The cover is marked ‘ductile’. It is made from ductile iron, which was invented in
1943. It replaced the previous form of cast iron, which was more brittle. ................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
Explain the meaning of the following terms: Speed = .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . .
(2)
(c) Calculate the resultant force required to decelerate the train.
Ductile . .. . .. . .................. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ....
Brittle .. . .. . .. . .................... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ..... ................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
... ... .. ... .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .................... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
(b) The cover is also marked ‘35 kN’. This refers to the load it must be able to support. Force = .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . .
Calculate the mass that would produce this load. (Total for Question 16 = 6 marks)
(2)
.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
Mass = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ....
11 13
*N35875A01124* Turn over *N35875A01324* Turn over
PMT PMT
17 A kite is held by a string and flies because of lift produced by the flow of air. (b) The lift is 4.3 N, the drag is 6.0 N and the weight is 0.44 N.
Calculate the tension in the string. State its magnitude and direction from the
Lift horizontal.
(4)
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Not to scale
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Drag ................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
Weight
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Tension
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
Figure 1 Figure 2
Magnitude of tension = . . . .. . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . .
(a) Sketch a labelled vector diagram to show that the four forces are in equilibrium.
(c) (i) The wind speed decreases so the girl flying this kite walks into the wind at a
(1)
constant speed of 2.0 m s–1 to maintain the forces shown. Calculate the work
done by the girl as she walks 25 m.
(2)
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
Work done = . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . .
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
Rate at which work is done = ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ..
14
*N35875A01424*
15
*N35875A01524* Turn over
PMT PMT
*18 In a demonstration of energy transfer, a large pendulum is made by suspending a 7.0 kg (b) The bowling ball is raised through a vertical distance of 1.5 m.
bowling ball on a long piece of wire.
(i) Calculate the gravitational potential energy gained by the ball.
A student is invited to pull the ball back until it just touches her nose and then to (2)
release it and stand perfectly still while waiting for the ball to return.
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
Gravitational potential energy = . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .
(ii) Calculate the speed of the ball at the bottom of its swing.
(2)
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
Speed = .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . .
(a) Explain this demonstration and the need for these instructions.
(6)
.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
16
*N35875A01624*
17
*N35875A01724* Turn over
PMT PMT
*19 The photograph shows a tin bought from a joke shop. When the lid is removed, a long (a) Explain whether the spring obeys Hooke’s law.
spring, covered in fabric to resemble a snake, flies out of the tin. (2)
............ ....... ..... ....... ..... ....... .. ... .. ..... .. ... .. ... .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... ... .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ..
............ ....... ..... ....... ..... ....... .. ... .. ..... .. ... .. ... .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... ... .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ..
............ ....... ..... ....... ..... ....... .. ... .. ..... .. ... .. ... .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... ... .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ..
(b) Show that the spring constant k of the spring is about 20 N m–1.
(3)
............ ....... ..... ....... ..... ....... .. ... .. ..... .. ... .. ... .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... ... .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ..
............ ....... ..... ....... ..... ....... .. ... .. ..... .. ... .. ... .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... ... .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ..
............ ....... ..... ....... ..... ....... .. ... .. ..... .. ... .. ... .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... ... .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ..
............ ....... ..... ....... ..... ....... .. ... .. ..... .. ... .. ... .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... ... .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ..
k = ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . .
(c) The original length of the spring is 41.0 cm and the length of the tin is 9.0 cm.
The spring on its own is shown here. (i) Calculate the force that must be applied to the spring to get it into the tin.
(2)
............ ....... ..... ....... ..... ....... .. ... .. ..... .. ... .. ... .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... ... .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ..
............ ....... ..... ....... ..... ....... .. ... .. ..... .. ... .. ... .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... ... .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ..
The graph shows length against force for the spring. ............ ....... ..... ....... ..... ....... .. ... .. ..... .. ... .. ... .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... ... .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ..
60.0 – ............ ....... ..... ....... ..... ....... .. ... .. ..... .. ... .. ... .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... ... .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ..
50.0 – Force = .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . .
Length / cm
40.0 – (ii) Calculate the energy stored in the spring when it is compressed to fit into the
tin.
30.0 – (2)
............ ....... ..... ....... ..... ....... .. ... .. ..... .. ... .. ... .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... ... .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ..
20.0 –
............ ....... ..... ....... ..... ....... .. ... .. ..... .. ... .. ... .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... ... .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ..
10.0 –
............ ....... ..... ....... ..... ....... .. ... .. ..... .. ... .. ... .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... ... .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ..
0.0 –
–
18
*N35875A01824*
19
*N35875A01924* Turn over
PMT PMT
(d) In fact the bottom of the tin contains a device that makes a squeak when the spring is 20 The photograph shows a toy car driven by air from a deflating balloon.
released, making the internal length of the tin less than 9.0 cm.
Explain the effect this has on the speed at which the spring leaves the tin.
(3)
.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
.. .. ... ... .... . .. . .. . .. . .. ................... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ......
When the air in the inflated balloon is released, the car starts to move forwards.
(a) Use Newton’s first and third laws of motion to explain why the air coming out of the
balloon causes this.
(3)
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
................. ....... ....... ..... ....... .. .. ..... .. ... .. ..... . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... .... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . ... . . ... . . ... . . ... . .. .. . .. .. . ...
20
*N35875A02024*
21
*N35875A02124* Turn over
PMT
100 –
80 –
Distance /
cm 60 –
40 –
20 –
0–
–
–
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00
Time / s
(i) Show that the maximum speed reached is between 100 and 150 cm s–1.
(3)
. ... .. ... ... . .. . .. . .. . .. . .................... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..
. ... .. ... ... . .. . .. . .. . .. . .................... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..
. ... .. ... ... . .. . .. . .. . .. . .................... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..
. ... .. ... ... . .. . .. . .. . .. . .................... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...... ...... ..
(ii) Sketch the shape of the corresponding speed-time graph on the axes below.
(3)
150 –
Speed / cm s–1
0–
–
22
*N35875A02224*