INTRODUCTION TO SPORTS

• Sports is a part of the Filipino scene, thus its inclusion in the school's
participation in all levels. Today’s sports program provide challenges for all
boys and girls, the selected and unskilled. The handicapped and non-
handicapped. With properly selected well-planned sports activities, it can
help students develop physical, educational, personal and social values
• Participation in sports as a recreational activity provide a change from usual
daily routine work. For the young, it is the most enjoyable after class hours.
It serves as an outlet of his/her excess energy. It is the time for him to
exhibit his/her skill to gain recognition and to show off as a player.
• WHY DO YOU PARTICIPATE IN SPORTS?
• Different person have different reasons participating in sports. For adults, it
may be for socialization knowing people and exchange ideas with them. For
others, it may be for business purposes and for the maintenance of
maximum body efficiency.
• WHY DO WE REALLY PARTICIPATE?
• Participation in an interesting sports takes the mind out from the many
thing that bring worries and cause tension. For the reason, a healthy sports,
is more valuable in maintaining health than thus just walking. To achieve
some degrees of success in the developing of skills is an excellent means of
developing confidence and a sense of satisfaction after successful
accomplishment.
• WHAT IS SPORTS?
It is an institutionalized competitive activity that involves vigorous physical
exertion or the use of relatively complex physical skills by individuals whose
participation is motivated by a combination of the intrinsic satisfaction associated
with the activity itself an external rewards earned through participation
Education Values Claimed for Sports
• 1. PHYSICAL FITNESS
- Sports contribute to physical fitness. Through intensive training provided for
competition, various component of physical fitness are developed.
A. Strength
B. Speed
C. Endurance
D. Agility
E. Coordination
• 2. SKILLS
- Skills contribute to the development of physical skills through sports leads to
high level of proficiency and skill which is essensial to achievement. In addition,
skill has prove to be a medium of upward social mobility for many minority
groups.
• 3. INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT
A. Self-control – the ability to withstand or adjust to emotional stress is
believed to be a result of the stress adoption mechanism that condition by
exercise.
B. Self-discipline – may also develop, since sports require a great deal of self-
sacrifice. The player is called onto subordinate personal desire and wishes
to those of the group, to accept consequences of personal decisions, and to
submit to strenuous training programs and training rules.
• 4. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
- The playing fields provides a laboratory for the individuals to compete as well
as to cooperate. An individual must first compete with other members of the
team when they are with others teams. The playing field will also provide a place
for fairness, adheres to the rules, understanding and respect for others and ability
to accept decisions and defeat.
BADMINTON
• Badminton is a sports that aims to seek continually ego-satisfying
experience for it offers fun and fitness for everyone.
• It’s a kind of sports that is very easy to learn but difficult to master.
• It’s rhythmic game of running, jumping, stretching, stopping and twisting
which contribute to the development of several fitness components such as
agility, flexibility, balance, endurance and maintenance of muscle tone.
WHY BADMINTON?
- Research studies give evidence that badminton is one of the sports that
contribute to the efficiency of the cardiovascular system.
- Limited and inexpensive equipment.
• It is not only the physical benefits but also the sociological, emotional,
mental and physiological significance that this particular sports can offer.
• Badminton is a gentlemen’s games as a sportsmanship is the foremost
factor involved.
• Badminton in the Philippines is an event that will go along wat if properly
given motivation and support. It can be a success to the Filipino as their
sport in general.
HISTORY AND ORIGIN

• Badminton was invented long ago; its origins date back at least two
thousand years to the game of battledore and shuttlecock played in ancient
Greece, India and China. Badminton took its name from Badminton House
in Gloucestershire, the home of the Duke of Beaufort, where the sport was
played in the last century.
• Badminton was originated in India, where its was known as POONA.
• In 1877, the Bath Badminton club was formed and the rules were spread to
Canada and in 1878, it was introduced in New York.
 • In 1879, a Badminton Association was formed in New York City.
• In 1936, The American Badminton Association was formed. The first
national tournament was held Chicago 1937.
BASIC OF PLAYING THE GAME
• Badminton is a racket sport, distinctive from all the other racket sports for
the use of a shuttlecock as a projectile, instead of a ball. The shuttlecock is a
feathered or plastic projectile with a cork base. It reaches higher speeds
and decelerates much faster than a ball.
• Badminton is usually played as a singles game (1 against 1) or as a doubles
game (2 against 2). It is one of the only sports where men and women play
together (mixed doubles) in international competitions.
• When a player or pair successfully keeps the opponent(s) from returning
the bird, they win the rally.
• the object of the game is to keep the shuttlecock pass over the net and
keep it from touching the ground using the racket.
TERMINOLOGIES
• Ace
- In badminton game terms, the phrase 'ace badminton' refers to a player
winning an outright point from a serve that was untouched - and not returned -
by the receiver.
• Bird (birdie)
- Bird or birdie is a name commonly used for the shuttlecock as part of the
badminton terms and definitions used by the officials and players.
• Cross-court Shot
-A cross-court shot is one that crosses the center line and usually travels along
the length of the net (e.g. from one net corner over the net to the other corner).
• Drive
 - Driving the shuttle fast and low, almost horizontal in flight over the net, is
called a drive. The drive serve is played as flat as possible (clearing the net) and hit
hard to fall at the back of the service court.
• Fault
- Faults in badminton are violations of the BWF codified rules and regulations
while serving or receiving the shuttle, and during normal play.
• Lands outside the court or out of bounds.
• Passes underneath the net or fails to pass over the net.
• Contacts any side walls or ceiling.
• Touches a player's body or their clothing.
• Is hit two or more times by the same player or by both partners before
returning it over the net in a game of doubles.
A fault also occurs if a player strikes the shuttle on the wrong side of the net.
Making contact with the net, or either of the posts that support it, by any means
is also considered a fault.
• Let
- A 'let' is a legitimate call which halts normal play and allows a rally to be
replayed. 'Lets' occur when:
• The shuttle fails to drop from the net.
• A player contacts the net or post with his body or racket.
• A player obstructs their opponent's stroke or serves.
• A shuttle lands on your court from adjacent court (e.g. bird on).
• There is a ceiling obstruction interference.
• There are any unsighted line calls.
• Love
 - Love is a term used to denote zero scores in badminton terminology (similar to
the rules of tennis games). Each competitor begins at zero (love-all) and remains
at love until they score points.
• Rally
- In terminologies of badminton, a rally is a series of passes and exchanged shots
which begin with a serve. As a rule, rallies in badminton finish when the point is
won.
• Singles
- A game of badminton where one individual plays against one other player. The
rules of badminton singles have some significant differences to those used in the
doubles game.
• Doubles
- Doubles matches have two players on each team and on opposing sides (thus,
a total of four players on the court).
BASIC FUNDAMENTALS
GRIPPING (Forehand Grip)
- This grip is used to hit shots that are on the forehand side of your body and
around the head shots.
- Hold the racket head with your non-playing hand so that the handle points
towards you.
- Your racket face shall be perpendicular to the floor.
- Place your playing hand on the handle as if you are shaking hands with it.
- There shall be a V shape in between your thumb and your index finger.
- The racket handle shall rest loosely in your fingers for greater flexibility.
- Can try shortening your grip and place it nearer to the shaft to increase control
and accuracy when serving and hitting from the forecourt and midcourt.
Backhand Grip
- This grip is used to hit shots that are on the backhand side of your body.
- Hold the racket as you would on a forehand grip.
- Turn the racket anti-clockwise so that the V shape moves leftwards.
- Place your thumb against the back bevel of the handle for greater leverage and
power.
- The racket handle shall also rest loosely in your fingers.
- Can try shortening your grip and place it nearer to the shaft to increase control
and accuracy when serving and hitting from the forecourt and midcourt.
Footwork
• The badminton footwork is a method of moving on the court. It consists of
stepping, crossover, stride, dogtrot, and jumping. Each set of footwork is
generally started from the center of the court.
Badminton footwork is a critical basic technology for playing the game. It
complements the playing technique and is inseparable for you to master the skill
of badminton. Without the correct footwork, it will inevitably affect the
completion of various hitting techniques
Why is Footwork Important in Playing Badminton?
• Footwork is the basis for badminton attacks and defense, and it is also the
key for a player to win in a match. Those who have played badminton
should have heard such a word that “badminton is about 30% on playing a
stroke and 70% on footwork”. This shows how important the role of
footwork play on the court.
• Center of the court
• While at the center of the court, players should apply a stance where their
feet are shoulder-width apart and parallel to each other while body should
be slightly lowered to keep a low center of gravity for increased stability. It
is important to note that players should return to the center of the court
after every single shot, while waiting for the opponent's return shot. The
center of the court enables the player to move in a shorter distance to all
 the different corners, hence players should always return to the center for
a more efficient way to cover the court.
Serves
The serve marks the start of each and every badminton rally. When done
correctly, the serve can pave the path to winning the point. On the other hand, a
weak serve can be severely punished by the receiving team, leaving the serving
team in disarray and at a one point deficit.
It should not matter if your opponent is fast, strong, or pressures the short service
line – the serve is the one shot that a badminton player has complete control
over, as he or she can dictate the speed, angle, and type of serve to execute.
There is a type and variation of serve that suits every situation. Ignore the player
and become an expert at your own service game.
Low Serve
What is a low serve?
The low serve, also commonly known as a short serve, is a serve that barely skims
over the top of the net and lands near the short service line. When done
correctly, it does not give the opponent an opportunity to attack and limits the
type of shots on the service return. A perfect short serve will immediately start
dropping in a downwards flight path after it crosses the net, and continues to just
land across the short service line, which forces opponents to lift the shuttle if they
wait too long before returning the serve.
When should you use a low serve?
A low serve is most commonly used in doubles, as the service area in doubles is
shorter than in singles making it difficult to maximize the benefits of a high serve.
A low serve done well will restrict the range of motion and shot choice for the
receiving team on their return of serve. Especially against tall or aggressive
players, a low serve will deny them the ability to deliver an overwhelming attack
on the serve as the serve is kept tight and just barely above the net.
High Serve
What is a high serve?
A high serve, also commonly known as a long serve, is a serve that travels high
and deep into the receiver’s back court, targeting the furthest corner away from
the server. The arc of a high serve should resemble that of a deep lift shot, where
the shuttle reaches its high peak towards the back of the receiver’s court before
dropping sharply near the back service boundary.
The high serve is the only serve out of the four types we cover in this post that
should be exclusively executed with the forehand grip. To execute a proper high
serve that achieves the right height and distance requires significant energy
transfer, which is most efficiently achieved through a full swing. The rotation of
the body and the shifting of the server’s weight from the back foot to the front
foot generate power that is transferred into the serve. It is uncommon for a
player to possess an extraordinary amount of wrist strength to be able to deliver a
backhand high serve that reaches the same height and distance to that of a
forehand high serve.
When should you use a high serve?
A high serve is primarily used in singles play, especially women’s singles. A
properly executed high serve to the furthest corner from the server puts the
opponent in their back court near the edge. This target destination puts demands
on the receiver to exert a high degree of energy to produce an adequate return.
You should never use a high serve in doubles. This is due to two (2) primary
reasons:
1. Doubles is all about seizing the offensive and keeping it. A high serve puts
the serving team in a defensive situation right off the bat. Furthermore, the
service area in doubles is shorter than in singles, which gives the receiving
team even more of an edge for a shorter-distanced smash.
2. A high serve requires a big swing to execute, which will eliminate any element
of surprise as the only serve you will be able to deliver is the high serve.
Basic Rules
1. In order to win, the player must gain 2 points a head of his opponent.
2. The men’s singles and all double games, consists of 15 to 21 points, as
arranged in advance.
 3. At the beginning of the Inning, The first service is always delivered from the
right court. The score determines which part will be in the “first serve”
position.
4. 4. it is fault if:
5. a. a player reaches into the opponents' court and strikes the shuttle
before it has crossed the net.
6. b. The player touches the net with any part of his body, clothing or
racket.
7. c. A player hits the shuttle more than once before it crosses over the net.
8. d. A player fails to return the shuttle before it hits the floor, or if he fails
to return the shuttle over the net.
9. e. the net strikes any part of the wood of the racket.
10.If the faults are committed by the serving player, the service is lost but if
committed by the receiving side. The points is served to the server.
Common Service Fault
1. the shaft of the racket not pointing in a downward direction.
2. serving above the waistline.
3. undue delay of the delivery service.
4. lifting one foot the server, and receiver must remain in contact of the
surface of the court until the service is delivered.
Stepping the line.
BADMINTON OFFICIALS
Badminton officials play a very important role in the badminton matches. Even
though they are not as crucial as they can be in other sports such as football or
basketball due to the lack of physical contact between players, they still are
required in order to ensure a smooth and fair match. The badminton officials are
divided into different roles or positions:
• Referee
 • Umpire
• Service judge
Line judge
Referee
• The referee is the most important official of the whole tournament. He or
she is in charge of the competition and needs to ensure that the
tournament is conducted following the Laws of Badminton (including court,
rackets and shuttlecock measurements), the regulations of the Badminton
World Federation and/or any other regulations that might be relevant in
that specific competition.
In addition to that, the referee has the last word if there is an argument between
the umpire (in charge of the matches) and a player or team.
Umpire
• The umpire is the maximum authority in a particular match and it is in
charge of the court. The duty of the umpire is to make sure that the specific
match is conducted following the Laws of Badminton, the regulations of the
Badminton World Federation and/or any other regulations that might be
relevant in that specific competition.
• It is the umpire responsibility to judge service faults and other player faults.
The umpire keeps a record of any misbehaviour or incident and reports it to
the referee. He/she is also responsible for keeping the match score, which
will be announced after each point of the match.
• The umpire has control over the specific match but also needs to report any
serious acts to the referee, who is, at the end, the maximum authority of
the tournament.
• Outside of the major tournaments, the referee will also take the role of an
umpire in order to help with the process.
Service judge
 • The service judge is responsible for making a ‘service fault’ call and to
provide shuttles to the players. Due to the way badminton is played, the
serve is one of the most important and perfected shots of the player and,
especially when playing doubles, players will bring the serve to the limit of
the legality in order to gain as much advantage as possible.
• In addition to checking the service, the service judge usually takes care of
the shuttles, providing the players with new shuttles whenever required.
• In smaller championships, when there is no service judge, the umpire takes
the role of the service judge.
Line judge
• The line judges are responsible for indicating whether a shuttlecock landed
“in” or “out” if the shuttle lands near the lines he/she is assigned to control.
Due to the fast speed of the game and the skill of the players, this is a very
challenging job and, as a result, the line judges are the officials that usually
get more pressure from the players.
• Depending on the level of the tournament, there may be as many as 10 line
judges assigned to a court for a particular match. This is the number
recommended by the BWF.
When 10 line judges are available, they are positioned as follows:
- 2 line judges for the short service line (one on each side of the court)
- 2 line judges for the center line (one on each end of the court)
- 4 line judges for the side lines (two on each side of the court). Please note
that the exact location will depend on whether a singles match is being
played (and they would follow the singles side lines) or a doubles match is
being played (and they would follow the doubles side lines
- 2 line judges for the back boundary lines (one each end of the court). Please
note that, in the case of the doubles match, these line judges check both
the back boundary line and the long service line.