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Fluid_Mechanics_Lesson_14E_NA

This lesson covers aerodynamic lift, stall, and the role of flaps on airplane wings, along with defining induced drag and methods to reduce it. It includes visual examples of trailing vortices and discusses the minimum aircraft speed to avoid stall during takeoff through a problem-solving approach. The content is based on the principles of fluid mechanics as outlined by Çengel and Cimbala.

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austinke82
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3 views9 pages

Fluid_Mechanics_Lesson_14E_NA

This lesson covers aerodynamic lift, stall, and the role of flaps on airplane wings, along with defining induced drag and methods to reduce it. It includes visual examples of trailing vortices and discusses the minimum aircraft speed to avoid stall during takeoff through a problem-solving approach. The content is based on the principles of fluid mechanics as outlined by Çengel and Cimbala.

Uploaded by

austinke82
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AERODYNAMIC LIFT AND INDUCED DRAG

In this lesson, we will:


• Discuss Aerodynamic Lift and how to model it
• Discuss Stall and the purpose of Flaps on airplane wings
• Define Induced Drag and discuss its cause and how to reduce it
• Do an example problem
Aerodynamic Lift on Two-Dimensional Airfoils
Flaps on Airplane Wings

All figures from Çengel and Cimbala, Ed. 4.


Three-Dimensional Wings and Induced Drag
Examples of Trailing Vortices

Smoke streaklines showing tip vortices. Four contrails merge into two trailing vortices.

Tip vortex from a crop duster aircraft visualized with colored smoke.
Geese and aircraft taking advantage of the upwash from the trailing vortices
How to Reduce Tip Vortices

Winglets on a sailplane. Bald eagle with fanned-out wing tip feathers.


Example: Minimum Aircraft Speed to Avoid Stall at Takeoff
Given: A commercial passenger airplane is taking off from a runway. Here are some values:
• Total airplane mass at takeoff is 62,120 kg
• Planform area of the wings is 142.5 m2
• Air density is 1.158 kg/m3
• Maximum lift coefficient is 1.81
To do: Calculate the minimum airplane speed to avoid stall while taking off.
Solution:

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