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Excercise 5.1

The document discusses arithmetic progressions (A.P.) through various exercises. It evaluates specific scenarios to determine if they form an A.P., provides examples of A.P. terms based on given first terms and common differences, and identifies the first term and common difference for given sequences. The document concludes with calculations and explanations for each case presented.

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Minna Rose Antony
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8 views4 pages

Excercise 5.1

The document discusses arithmetic progressions (A.P.) through various exercises. It evaluates specific scenarios to determine if they form an A.P., provides examples of A.P. terms based on given first terms and common differences, and identifies the first term and common difference for given sequences. The document concludes with calculations and explanations for each case presented.

Uploaded by

Minna Rose Antony
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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(ARITHEMETIC PROGRESSIONS)

Exercise 5.1
Question 1:
In which of the following situations, does the list of numbers involved make as arithmetic
progression and why?
(i). The taxi fare after each km when the fare is Rs 15 for the first km and Rs 8 for each
additional km.
(ii). The amount of air present in a cylinder when a vacuum pump removes ¼ of the air
remaining in the cylinder at a time.
(iii). The cost of digging a well after every metre of digging, when it costs Rs 150 for the
first metre and rises by Rs 50 for each subsequent metre.
(iv). The amount of money in the account every year, when Rs 10000 is deposited at
compound interest at 8% per annum.

Answer 1:
(i). It can be observed that
Taxi fare for 1st km = 15
Taxi fare for first 2 km = 15 + 8 = 23
Taxi fare for first 3 km = 23 + 8 = 31
Taxi fare for first 4 km = 31 + 8 = 39
Clearly 15, 23, 31, 39 … forms an A.P. because every term is 8 more than the preceding
term.
(ii). Let the initial volume of air in a cylinder be V lit. In each stroke, the vacuum pump
removes ¼ of air remaining in the cylinder at a time.
In other words, after every stroke, only part of air will remain.

Therefore, volumes will be


Clearly, it can be observed that the adjacent terms of this series do not have the same
difference between them. Therefore, this is not an A.P.
(iii). Cost of digging for first metre = 150
Cost of digging for first 2 metres = 150 + 50 = 200
Cost of digging for first 3 metres = 200 + 50 = 250

Cost of digging for first 4 metres = 250 + 50 = 300


Clearly, 150, 200, 250, 300 … forms an A.P. because every term is 50 more than the
preceding term.
(iv). We know that if Rs P is deposited at r% compound interest per annum for n years,

our money will be after n years.


Therefore, after every year, our money will be

Clearly, adjacent terms of this series do not have the same difference between them.
Therefore, this is not an A.P.
Question 2:
Write first four terms of the A.P. when the first term a and the common difference d are
given as follows

(i) a = 10, d = 10
(ii) a = − 2, d = 0
(iii)a = 4, d = − 3
(iv) a = − 1 d = ½
(v) a = − 1.25, d = − 0.25

Answer 2:
(i) a = 10, d = 10

Let the series be a1, a2, a3, a4, a5 …


a1 = a = 10
a2 = a1 + d = 10 + 10 = 20 a3 = a2 + d = 20 +
10 = 30 a4 = a3 + d = 30 + 10 = 40 a5 = a4 +
d = 40 + 10 = 50 Therefore, the series will be
10, 20, 30, 40, 50 … First four terms of this
A.P. will be 10, 20, 30, and 40.

(ii) a = −2, d = 0
Let the series be a1, a2, a3, a4 … a1 = a = −2 a2
= a1 + d = − 2 + 0 = −2 a3 = a2 + d = − 2 + 0
= −2 a4 = a3 + d = − 2 + 0 = −2
Therefore, the series will be −2, −2, −2, −2 … First four terms of this
A.P. will be −2, −2, −2 and −2.

(iii) a = 4, d = −3
Let the series be a1, a2, a3, a4 … a1 = a = 4 a2 =
a1 + d = 4 − 3 = 1 a3 = a2 + d = 1 − 3 = −2
a4 = a3 + d = − 2 − 3 = −5
Therefore, the series will be 4, 1, −2 −5 …
First four terms of this A.P. will be 4, 1, −2 and −5.

(iv) a = −1, d = ½
Let the series be a1, a2, a3, a4 …
Clearly, the series will be

………….

First four terms of this A.P. will be .

(v) a = −1.25, d = −0.25


Let the series be a1, a2, a3, a4 … a1 = a = −1.25 a2 =
a1 + d = − 1.25 − 0.25 = −1.50 a3 = a2 + d = − 1.50
− 0.25 = −1.75 a4 = a3 + d = − 1.75 − 0.25 = −2.00
Clearly, the series will be 1.25, −1.50, −1.75, −2.00 ……..
First four terms of this A.P. will be −1.25, −1.50, −1.75 and −2.00.

Question 3:
For the following A.P.s, write the first term and the common difference.
(i) 3, 1, − 1, − 3 …
(ii) − 5, − 1, 3, 7 …

(iv) 0.6, 1.7, 2.8, 3.9 …

Answer 3:
(i) 3, 1, −1, −3 …
Here, first term, a = 3
Common difference, d = Second term − First term = 1 − 3 = −2

(ii) −5, −1, 3, 7 …


Here, first term, a = −5
Common difference, d = Second term − First term
= (−1) − (−5) = − 1 + 5 = 4

Here, first term, a = 1/3


Common difference, d = Second term − First term

(iv) 0.6, 1.7, 2.8, 3.9 …


Here, first term, a = 0.6
Common difference, d = Second term − First term = 1.7 − 0.6 = 1.1

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