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CE137-06 Steel Design Principles and Methodologies

The document outlines the principles and methodologies for steel design, emphasizing the selection of cross-sections to safely and economically resist applied loads. It discusses two primary design approaches: Allowable Strength Design (ASD) and Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD), detailing their respective equations and load combinations. Additionally, it highlights limit states that must be adhered to ensure structural integrity under various loading conditions.

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55 views13 pages

CE137-06 Steel Design Principles and Methodologies

The document outlines the principles and methodologies for steel design, emphasizing the selection of cross-sections to safely and economically resist applied loads. It discusses two primary design approaches: Allowable Strength Design (ASD) and Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD), detailing their respective equations and load combinations. Additionally, it highlights limit states that must be adhered to ensure structural integrity under various loading conditions.

Uploaded by

lbrtdfckr
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CE137-06: Steel Design Principles and

Methodologies

Marc Erick Von A. Tiosing, RCE, RMP

January 15, 2025

Marc Erick Von A. Tiosing, RCE, RMP CE137-06: Steel Design Principles and Methodologies
Steel Design Principles

The design of a structural member entails the selection of a cross-section that


will safely and economically resist the applied loads. Economy means minimum
weight—that is, the minimum amount of steel.

Marc Erick Von A. Tiosing, RCE, RMP CE137-06: Steel Design Principles and Methodologies
Steel Design Methodologies

Designs shall be made according to the provisions for the Load and Resistance
Factor Design (LRFD) or to the provisions for the Allowable Strength Design
(ASD).

Marc Erick Von A. Tiosing, RCE, RMP CE137-06: Steel Design Principles and Methodologies
Limit States

Represent conditions that limit the usefulness of the member. No applicable


strength or serviceability limit state shall be exceeded when the structure is sub-
jected to all appropriate load combinations such that:

Required Strength ≤ Available Strength

Marc Erick Von A. Tiosing, RCE, RMP CE137-06: Steel Design Principles and Methodologies
Limit States

Limit states can be:


Yielding
Fracture
Buckling
Serviceability (example: maximum deflection)

Marc Erick Von A. Tiosing, RCE, RMP CE137-06: Steel Design Principles and Methodologies
Allowable Strength Design (ASD)

Member selection such that properties prevent the maximum applied loads
under service load combinations from exceeding an allowable or permissible
value (maintains an elastic behavior)
Member Selection by: Cross-sectional Area, A, Moment of Inertia, I , and
Elastic Section Modulus, S

Marc Erick Von A. Tiosing, RCE, RMP CE137-06: Steel Design Principles and Methodologies
Allowable Strength Design (ASD)

NSCP 2015 Eq. 502.3-2 (ASD):

Rn
Ra ≤
Ω
where:

Ra = required strength based on ASD load combinations


Rn = nominal strength based on limit state
Ω = factor of safety based on limit state
Rn
= available or allowable strength
Ω

Marc Erick Von A. Tiosing, RCE, RMP CE137-06: Steel Design Principles and Methodologies
Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD)

Design based on failure at factored loads but safe under service loads
Design strength is nominal strength multiplied by a reduction factor (resistance
factor)
Loads are factored to bring the members to its limit state

Marc Erick Von A. Tiosing, RCE, RMP CE137-06: Steel Design Principles and Methodologies
Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD)

NSCP 2015 Eq. 502.3-1 (LRFD):

Ru ≤ ϕRn

where:

Ru = required strength based on factored load combinations


Rn = nominal strength based on limit state
ϕ = resistance factor based on limit state
ϕRn = design strength

Marc Erick Von A. Tiosing, RCE, RMP CE137-06: Steel Design Principles and Methodologies
NSCP 2015 Sec. 203.3: Load Combinations using Strength
Design or Load and Resistance Factor Design
203.3.1 Basic Load Combinations
Where strength design or load and resistance factor design is used, structures
and all portions thereof shall resist the most critical effects from the following
combinations of factored loads:
1.4D
1.2D + 1.6L
1.2D + 1.6Lr + 0.5W
1.2D + 1.0W + f1 L1
1.2D + 1.0E + f1 L1
0.9D + 1.0W
0.9D + 1.0E
Marc Erick Von A. Tiosing, RCE, RMP CE137-06: Steel Design Principles and Methodologies
NSCP 2015 Sec. 203.3: Load Combinations using Strength
Design or Load and Resistance Factor Design

where:

f1 =1.0 for floors in places of public assembly,


for live loads > 4.8 kPa, and for garage live load, or
=0.5 for other live loads

Marc Erick Von A. Tiosing, RCE, RMP CE137-06: Steel Design Principles and Methodologies
NSCP 2015 Sec. 203.4: Load Combinations using Allowable
Stress or Allowable Strength Design

203.4.1 Basic Load Combinations


Where allowable stress or allowable strength design is used, structures and all
portions thereof shall resist the most critical effects resulting from the following
combinations of loads:
D
D +L
D + 0.6W
D + E /1.4
No increase in allowable stresses shall be used with these load combinations except
as specifically permitted by Section 203.4.2.

Marc Erick Von A. Tiosing, RCE, RMP CE137-06: Steel Design Principles and Methodologies
NSCP 2015 Sec. 203.4: Load Combinations using Allowable
Stress or Allowable Strength Design
203.4.2 Alternate Basic Load Combinations
In lieu of the basic load combinations specified in Section 203.4.1, structures and
portions thereof shall be permitted to be designed for the most critical effects
resulting from the following load combinations. When using these alternate basic
load combinations, a one-third increase shall be permitted in allowable stresses for
all combinations, except W or E .
D +L
0.75 (D + L + 0.6W )
0.75 (D + L + E /1.4)
0.6D + 0.6W
0.6D + E /1.4
Marc Erick Von A. Tiosing, RCE, RMP CE137-06: Steel Design Principles and Methodologies

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