University of Eastern Philippines

LAOANG CAMPUS
Laoang, Northern Samar

Character
Formation1
(CLFM 1)

Crmgst. MARY ANN A. ROBIS

Subject Teacher
 MODULE V
RELATED PHILIPPINE LAWS
THAT PROMOTE
NATIONALISM AND
PATRIOTISM
 1. Republic Act No. 10086 - An act strengthening peoples' nationalism
through Philippine history by changing the nomenclature of the National
Historical Institute into the National Historical Commission of the
Philippines, strengthening its powers and functions, and for other
purposes; also known as the Philippine Cultural Heritage Act of 2010.

2. Republic Act 8044 — also known as the Youth in Nation-Building Act; an

act creating the National Youth Commission, establishing a National
Comprehensive and Coordinated Program on Youth Development,
Appropriating funds therefore, and for other purposes.

3. Republic Act No. 1425 - an act to include in the curricula of all public and
private schools, colleges and universities courses on the life, works and
writings of Jose Rizal, particularly his novels Noli Me Tangere and El
Filibusterismo, authorizing the printing and distribution thereof, and for
other purposes.

4. The 1987 Constitution

5. Republic Act No. 10390 - an act amending republic act no. 7306, entitled
"an act providing for the establishment of the people's television network,
incorporated, defining its powers and functions, providing for its sources of
funding and for other purposes; also known as "An Act Revitalizing the
People's Television Network, Incorporated".

6. Republic Act No. 9512 - approved last December 12, 2008; also known
as an act to promote environmental awareness through environmental
education and for other purposes or the National Environmental
Awareness and Education Act of 2008.

It is an act to promote environmental awareness through Environmental

Education (EE) and covers the integration of EE in the school curricula at all levels,
be it public or private, including day care, preschool, nonformal, technical, vocational,
indigenous learning, and out-of-school youth courses or programs.

Section 6 of the Act says that the DepEd, CHED, TESDA, DENR, DOST and
other relevant agencies, in consultation with experts on the environment and the
academe, shall lead in the implementation of public education and awareness
programs on environmental protection and conservation through collaborative
interagency and multi-sectoral effort at all levels. lt also declares November as the
Environmental Awareness Month in the Philippines
GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT______________________________

Philippine Commission on Women defined Gender and Development as the

development perspective and process that is participatory and empowering,
equitable, sustainable, free from violence, respectful of human rights, supportive of
self-determination and actualization of human potentials.

Gender and Development (GAD) approach focuses on the socially

constructed basis of differences between men and women and emphasizes the need
to challenge existing gender roles and relations.

GAD was developed in the 1980's as an alternative to the Women in

Development (WID) approach. Unlike WID, the GAD approach is not concerned
specifically with women, but with the way in which a society assigns roles,
responsibilities and expectations to both women and men. GAD applies gender
analysis to uncover the ways in which men and women work together, presenting
results in neutral terms of economics and efficiency.

The World Bank was one of the first international organizations to recognize
the need for Women in Development, appointing a WID Adviser in 1977. In 1984 the
bank mandated that its programs consider women’s' issues. In 1994 the bank issued
a policy paper on Gender and Development, reflecting current thinking on the subject.
This policy aims to address policy and institutional constraints that maintain
disparities between the genders and thus limit the effectiveness of development
programs.

Gender and Development (GAD) is concerned with women and her specific
roles, responsibilities and expectations in the society. It also analyzes the nature of
women's contribution within the context of work done both inside and outside the
household and reflects the public/private dichotomy that undervalues the work done
by women in the home. (http://www.sbma.com/ gender-and-development-program)

GAD focuses on the principle that development is for all. Everyone in society,
female or male, has the right to equal opportunities to achieve a full and satisfying
life.

It does not define the following:

1. Not a war of the sexes

2. Not anti-Male
3. Both women and men are victims although women more than men.
4. Both have a stake in the struggle for gender equality
GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT RELATED
LAWS AND ISSUANCES IN THE PHILIPPINES__________________

Philippine Plan for Gender and Development, 1995-2025

National Plan that addresses provides and pursues full equality and
development for men and women. Approved and adopted by former President Fidel
V. Ramos as Executive No. 273, on September 8, 1995, it is the successor of the
Philippine Development Plan for Women, 1989-1992 adopted by Executive No. 348
of February 17, 1989.

Republic Act No. 9710 (Magna Carta of Women)

Approved on August 14, 2009, which mandates for non-discriminatory and

pro-gender equality and equity measures to enable women's participation in the
formulation, implementation and evaluation of policies and plan for national, regional
and local development.

Memorandum Circular No. 2011 — 01 dated October 21, 2011

Addressing to all Government Departments including their attached agencies,

offices, bureaus, State Universities and Colleges (SUCs), Government-Owned and
Controlled Corporations (GOCCs) and all other government instrumentalities as their
guidelines and procedures for the establishment strengthening and
institutionalization of the Gender and Development (GAD) Focal Point System
(GFPS).

Republic Act 7877 - Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995.

It is an "Act Declaring Sexual Harassment Unlawful in the Employment,

Education or Training Environment, and for other purposes" was approved on
February 14, 1995 and became effective on March 5, 1995.

Republic Act 9262 - Anti2Violence Against Women and Their Children Act of
2004.

It protects the family and its members particularly women and children from
violence and threats to their personal safety and security."

Republic Act 7192 - Women in Development and Nation Building Act.

The Act provides guidance and measures that will mobilize and enhance
participation of women in the development process in ways equal to that of men.
Memorandum Circular No. 48 Series of 2013

Directing all concerned government agencies to adopt the Gender Equality

Guidelines in the development of their respective Media Policies and Implementing
Programs in order to promote gender mainstreaming.

Republic Act 10354

The Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012 or the RH

Law. It is a law in the Philippines, which guarantees universal access to methods on
contraception, fertility/ control, sexual education, and maternal care.

1987 Philippine Constitution (Article Il Sec. 14)

The and State shall recognizes promote the role the of women
FUNDAMENTAL in nation building EQUALITY before the law of women and men.

SEX AND GENDER: HOW DO THEY DIFFER? ____________________________

"An extremely important part of an individual's identity and one that

begins at least at birth, is gender. "

Dr. Kenneth Cushner, 2012.

It is more than just knowing that you are male or female. Identification of sex
is usually clearly internalized by the age of 3 but begins around the age of 18
months.

Gender refers to the specific set of characteristics that identifies the social
behavior of women and men and the relationship between them. Gender alludes
not simply to women or men but the relationship between them and the way it is
socially constructed. Since gender biases exist and these biases prevent people
from attaining their full potentials, development is impeded.

SEX GENDER
Categorized as male or female Masculinity and femininity
Biological Socially, culturally and historically
determined
Fixed at birth Learned through socialization
 Does not change across time and Varies over time and space
space
Equality valued Unequally valued (masculinity as
the room)

Gender identity / gender role includes knowledge of a large set of rules and
expectations for what boys and girls should wear, how they should speak and act,
and their 'place' in the overall structure of the society. It can be affected by:
1. Race - each of the major divisions of humankind, having distinct physical
characteristics.
2. Ethnicity - the fact or state of belonging to a social group that has a common
national or cultural tradition.
3. Social Class - a division of a society based on social and economic status; upper
class, new money, middle class, working class, working poor, and poverty level.
4. Religion - a particular system of faith and worship.
5. Geographical Region - a demarcated area of the Earth

COMMON MYTHS ABOUT GENDER___________________________

1. If a father does the household work, he is considered as "under the saya."

2. Men are better leaders and administrators than women.
3. It is the woman's fault if she is being harassed sexually when she is wearing skimpy
clothing.
4. It is not proper for a girl to say "I love you" first to a boy.
5. The mother should be the only one responsible for child-rearing and parenting.

TERMS RELATED TO GENDER

1. Socialization — is the process by which social norms, roles and expectations are
learned and internalized.
2. Gender Socialization — is the process by which norms and expectations in
relation to gender are learned by women and men.
3. Gender stereotype — a form of prejudgment, bias or limitation given to roles and
expectations of males and females. These may affect the gender equality and
inequality in the society.
4. Gender equality – gives men and women the entitlement to all aspects of human
development.
5. Gender inequality – refers to unequal treatment or perceptions of individuals
based on their gender.

GENDER STEREOTYPE INVOLVES THE

DIFFERENTATIONS________________________________________

Attributed by a given culture to women and men, in the following aspects:

1. Social Roles
2. Capacities
3. Traits and Characteristics

1. GENDER STEREOTYPE IN SOCIAL ROLES BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN

MEN WOMEN
Provides financially for the family Takes care of the house and
children
Works as managers, construction Works as a nurse, teacher,
builders or engineers secretary
Portrayed as leaders Portrayed as followers

2. GENDER STEROETYPE IN CAPACITIES BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN

MEN WOMEN
Good in math and science Good in arts and less intellectual
pursuits
Physically strong Physically weaker and fragile
Firm decision Makers Wishy-washy or fickle minded in
decision making

3. GENDER STEREOTYPE IN TRAITS AND CHARACTERISTICS BETWEEN MEN

AND WOMEN
MEN WOMEN
Active Passive
Aloof Loving
Aggressive Peaceful
Independent Dependent
brave fearful
AREAS OR CHANNEL OF SOCIALIZATION____________________

According to Dr. Ralph G. Perrino (2000), family, school, peers, mass media,
public opinion, and religion play a major role in the socialization and, ultimately, the
education process. Each of us proceeds through life in a manner that we often believe
is under our immediate control and influence. It seems logical that the actions we take
and the impact of those actions is based upon a series of logical, rational, decisions
selected and filtered by choice, not chance.

Although this seems a reasonable manner in which to assess one's lot in life,
it is far from reality, particularly in the area of education. One of the most dramatic
impacts on a child's education is that of the socialization process.

I. Family
2. Church
3. Mass Media
4. School
5. Peers

A. FAMILY

In the context of human society, a family (from Latin: familia) is a group of

people related either by consanguinity (by recognized or other relationship), or co-
residence relatives and servants). It is also known as the basic unit for raising
children. In most societies, the family is the principal institution for the socialization
of children. (Family. lovetoknow.com)

TWO TYPES OF FAMILY

1. Immediate family - may include spouses, parents, brothers, sisters, sons, and
daughters.

2. Extended family - may include grandparents, aunts. uncles, cousins, nephews,

nieces, and siblings - in-law. Sometimes these are also considered members of the
immediate family, depending on an individual's specific relationship with them.

GENERAL CLASSIFICATIONS OF FAMILY STRUCTURES

1. Matrifocal Family - this kind of family occurs commonly where women have the
resources to rear their children by themselves or where men are more mobile than
women; opposite of patrifocal family.

2. Patriarchal Family - is a family in which the father is considered head of

household; this is true regardless of which parent is the primary breadwinner (in a
household with a working mom and stay-at-home dad; also known as father
centered family or father dominated family; opposite of matriarchal family.
3. Conjugal Family / Nuclear Family / Single Family - a traditional form of family
that includes only the husband, the wife, and unmarried children who are not of
age.

4. Avuncular Family — a family composed of a grandparent, a brother, his sister,

and her children

5. Childless Family - is sometimes the "forgotten} family," as it does not meet the
tradition standard set by society. Childless families consist of a husband and wife
living and working together. Many childless families take on the responsibility of pct
ownership or have extensive contact with their nieces and nephews as a substitute
for having their own children.

6. Extended Family - family that extends beyond the nuclear family, including
grandparents, aunts, uncles, and other relatives, who all live nearby or in one
household.
7. Family Of Choice / Chosen Family - is common within the LGBT community, both
in academic literature and in colloquial vocabulary. It refers to the group of people
in an individual's life that satisfies the typical role of family as a support system.

8. Blended Family or Stepfamily - describes families with mixed parents: one or

both parents remarried, bringing children of the former family into the new family.

9. Monogamous Family - In this case, an individual has only one (official) partner
during their lifetime or at any one time.

10. Polygamous Family — a family composed of a marriage that includes more than
two partners (polygamous).

a. Polygamy - a man is married to more than one wife at a time which is common
in some parts of Middle East and Africa and is often associated with Islam;
b. Polyandry - when a woman is married to more than one husband at a time;
traditionally practiced in areas of the Himalayan mountains, among Tibetans in
Nepal, in parts of China and in parts of northern India.
c. Fraternal Polyandry - where two or more brothers are married to the same
wife
d. Polyamory - If a marriage includes multiple husbands and wives; group or
conjoint

PROCESSES INVOLVED IN GENDER SOCIALIZATION IN THE FAMILY

(Ruth Hartley)

1. Manipulation — means that people handle girls and boys differently as infants.

a. Mothers tend to use more physical stimulation on male infants and more
verbal stimulation on female infants.
b. Boy babies are tossed in the air.
 c. Girl babies get more delicate handling.

2. Canalization—means that people direct children's attention to gender-

appropriate object.

a. Choice of toys, boys are given toy cars and machines;

b. girls are given dolls and tea sets.
c. Toys teach children what their prescribed roles in life will be

3. Verbal Appellation — telling children what they are and what is expected of
them.

a. Brave boy, pretty girl

b. Boys don't cry, girls don't hit playmates

4. Activity exposure — familiarizing children to their gender - appropriate tasks

a. Girls help their mother with housework.

b. Boys are encouraged to play outside the house

B. CHURCH / RELIGION

It is a collection of cultural systems, belief systems, and worldviews that relate

humanity to spirituality and moral values. The practice of a religion may also include
rituals, sermons, commemoration or veneration of a deity, gods or goddesses,
sacrifices, festivals, feasts, trance, initiations, funerary services, matrimonial services,
meditation, prayer, music, art, dance, public service or other aspects of human culture.

Gender roles in Christianity vary considerably today as they have during the
last two millennia. This is especially true with regards to marriage and ministry.

EFFECTS OF RELIGION

a Regular attendance at religious services is linked to healthy, stable family

life, strong marriages,

b Religious worship also leads to a reduction in the incidence of domestic

abuse, crime, substance abuse, and addiction.

c In addition, religious practice can increase physical and mental health,

longevity, and education attainment.

C. MASS MEDIA

These are diversified media technologies that are intended to reach a large
audience by mass communication. It has an immense impact on young minds. With
the advent of the Internet, television now has a partner in the role of visual stimulant
of young minds. The culture portrayed by the mass media emphasizes glamour,
sexual satisfaction and promiscuity, comedic vulgarity, violence, and immediate
gratification of needs.
 The organizations that control these technologies, such as television stations
or publishing companies, are also known as the mass media.

EFFECTS OF MASS MEDIA IN SOCIALIZATION

1. Media-s sexualization of young female celebrities

2. Video games that promote violence and negative stereotypes.
3. Music lyrics and music videos that promote negative stereotypes and violence
4. Sex stereotypes in kid's TV program

DIFFERENT TYPES OF MASS MEDIA

1. Broadcast Media - such as radio, recorded music, film and television transmit their
information electronically.

2. Print Media - use a physical object such as a newspaper, book, pamphlet or

comics, to distribute their information.

3. Outdoor Media - is a form of mass media that comprises billboards, signs or

placards placed inside and outside of commercial buildings, sports stadiums, shops
and buses. Other outdoor media include flying billboards (signs in tow of airplanes),
blimps, and skywriting

4. Public Speaking and Event Organizing - can also be considered as forms of

mass media.

5. Digital Media - comprises both Internet and mobile mass communication. Internet
media provides many mass media services, such as email, websites, blogs, and
internet-based radio and television.

D. SCHOOL

It is an institution for educating children, any institution at which instruction is

given in a particular discipline, a group of people. It is an artificial institution set up for
the purpose of socialization and cultural transmission. The school can be regarded as
a formally constituted community as opposed to mutual communities.

HOW THE SCHOOL PERFORMS THE FUNCTION OF SOCIALIZATION?

1. Through the curriculum, the school in a formal way provides the child with:

a. Knowledge of basic intellectual skills such as reading, writing, verbal expression,

quantitative and other cognitive abilities,

b. Education teaches languages and allows people communicate with each other
according to position in society.
 c. Cultural achievements of one's society.

d. Opportunities to acquire social and vocational abilities which are necessary in

order to make one a social, useful and economically productive member of the
society.

e. Gender roles as perceived as suitable roles by the society.

2. Educationalsystems socialize students to become members of society, to play

meaningful roles in the complex network of independent positions.

3. Education helps in shaping values and attitudes to the needs of the contemporary
society.

4. Education widens the mental horizons of pupils and teaches them new ways of
looking at themselves and their society.

5. Education offers young people opportunities for intellectual, emotional and social
growth. Thus, education can be influential in promoting new values and stimulating
adaptation of changing conditions.

6. Informally and especially through social clubs, the school enables the child to learn
a number of other social roles and skills which are also important for his/ her overall
development as a member of society.

a. Education teaches the laws, traditions and norms of the community, the rights that
individuals will enjoy and the responsibilities that they will undertake.
b. Education teaches how one is to behave toward his/ her play-
mates and adults.
c. Education teaches how to share things and ideas.
d. Education teaches how to compete responsibly
e. Schooling teaches how to cooperate
f. Schooling instils the community's pattern of respect; thus, how to relate to others
well and obey rules.
g. Schooling enables one to internalize the culture of one's society.
h. Education leads toward tolerant and humanitarian attitudes. For example,
college graduates are expected to be more tolerant than (high school graduates
in their attitudes toward ethnic and social groups.

E. PEER GROUPS

These are both social group and primary group people who have similar
interests (homophily), age, background, or social status. The members of this group
are likely to influence the person's beliefs and behavior. Peer groups contain
hierarchies and distinct patterns of behavior.

POSITIVE EFFECTS OF PEER GROUPS

1. Serve as a source of information
 2. Teach gender roles
3. Serve as a practicing venue to adulthood
4. Teach unity & collective behavior in life
5. Identity formation - is a developmental process where a person acquires a sense
of self.

NEGATIVE ATTRIBUTES (DISADVANTAGES) OF PEER GROUPS INFLUENCE

1. Peer pressure - often used to describe instances where an individual feels

indirectly pressured into changing his/her behavior to match that of his/her peers.
Taking up smoking and underage drinking are two of the best-known examples.
2. Future problems
3. Risk behaviors
4. Aggression and pro - social behavior
5. Sexual promiscuity

References:

• Caballero, Nicholas S. and Barican, Liza Joy B., 2020, Character Formation 1 –
Nationalism and Patriotism.
 ASSESSMENT
Date:____________________

NAME:_____________________________YEAR & SECTION:_________________

Multiple Choice: Encircle the letter of the best answer

1. What is the law creating the National Youth Commission?

a. RA 1425 b. RA 8044
c. RA 10086 d. RA 10390

2. It is an act to include in the curricula of all public and private schools, colleges
and universities courses on the life, works and writings of Jose Rizal, particularly
his novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, authorizing the printing and
distribution thereof, and for other purposes.
a. RA 1425 b. RA 8044
c. RA 10086 d. RA 10390

3. It is an act to promote environmental awareness through Environmental

Education (EE) and covers the integration of EE in the school curricula at all
levels.

a. RA 10086 b. The Philippine Constitution

c. RA 9512 d. RA 8044

4. What month of the year is considered the Environmental Awareness Month in

the Philippines?
a. March b. November
c. September d. October

5. It is the development perspective and process that is participatory and

empowering, equitable, sustainable, free from violence, respectful of human
rights, supportive of self-determination and actualization of human potentials.

a. Women and Development

b. Women in Development
c. Gender and Development
d. Gender in Development

6. It was one of the first international organizations to recognize the need for
Women in Development, appointing a WID Adviser in 1977.
a. World Trade Center
 b. Philippine Bank
c. European Union
d. World Bank
7. Republic Act No. 9710 is otherwise known as?

a. Magna Carta for Men

b. Magna Carta of Women
c. Youth in Nation Building Act
d. National Environmental Awareness and Education Act
8. It refers to the specific set of characteristics that identifies the social behavior of
women and men and the relationship between them.
a. sex b. femininity
c. masculinity d. gender
9. Which of the following does not define gender?
a. varies over time and space
b. learned through socialization
c. biological
d. unequally valued

10. It is the fact or state of belonging to a social group that has a common national
or cultural tradition.
a. race b. ethnicity
c. social class d. religion

11. It is the process by which norms and expectations in relation to gender are
learned by women and men.
a. gender socialization
b. socialization
c. gender equality
d. gender roles

12. It gives men and women the entitlement to all aspects

a. gender equality b. gender roles

c. gender inequality d. gender socialization

13. It is a form of prejudgment, bias or limitation given to roles and expectations of

males and females.

a. gender roles b. gender socialization

c. gender stereotype d. gender inequality

14.Which of the following is not an aspect in the concept of gender stereotyping?

a. traits and characteristics b. social roles

c. capacities b. leadership
15.Which of the following is not an example in gender stereotype of males in the
aspect of social roles?

a. portrayed as leaders b. physically weaker and fragile

c. provides financially for the family c. works as managers

16. Which of the following is not a specific characteristic for a female?

a. aggressive b. fearful
c. peaceful d. loving

17.1t is the principal institution for the socialization of children.

a. church b. peers
c. mass media d. family

18.Luis' family is being headed by her mother because his father is already dead
since he was 3 years old. What kind of family structure does he have?

a. conjugal family b. matrifocal family

c. extended family c. monogamous family

19.It is a family composed of a grandparent, a brother, his sister, and her children.

a. childless family b. polygamous family

c. avuncular family d. single family

20.Roberto has step brothers and sisters. Both his parents had remarried. What
type of family does he have?

a. blended family b. avuncular family

c. extended family d. chosen family

21.It refers to a family when a woman is married to more than one husband at a
time.

a. polygyny b. polyandry
c. polyamory d. fraternal polyandry

22.Based on the laws of the Muslim, males can marry up to four wives. What term
is referred to it?

a. polygyny b. polyandry
c. polyamory d. fraternal polyandry

23.1t means that people direct children's attention to gender-appropriate object.

a. active exposure b. verbal appellation

c. canalization d. manipulation

24.1t means telling children what they are and what is expected of them.

a. active exposure b. verbal appellation

c. canalization d. manipulation
25.1t is a collection of cultural systems, belief systems, and worldviews that relate
humanity to spirituality and moral values.

a. peers b. community
c. mass media d. religion

26.These are diversified media technologies that are intended to reach a large
audience by mass communication.

a. mass media b. church

c. family d. peers

27 Which of the following is an example of an outdoor mass media?

a. radio b. websites
c. billboards d. newspapers

28.What type of mass media uses a physical object such as a newspaper, book,
pamphlet or comics, to distribute their information?

a. broadcast media b. digital media

c. print media d. outdoor media

29.Which of the following is not an example of a digital media?

a. websites b. blogs
c. pamphlet d. email

30.1t is a developmental process where a person acquires a sense of self.

a. gender roles b. identity formation

c. peer pressure d. identity crisis