PHY232 UE2 Reviewer

∑ F=ma f =μn Weight=mg W NET =∆ KE W =( F cos θ ) ∆ x

( KE+ PE g+ PE s )i=( KE+ PE g+ PEs )f 1 2 PEg =mgy 1 2

KE= m v PEs = k x
2 2

PROBLEM SOLVING: Solve completely each problem in a logical, neat and orderly manner. Include all signs and
units. Write your final answers on the boxes provided.

1. A 0.5kg block rests on a horizontal, frictionless surface as in the figure below. The block is pressed back
against a spring having a constant of k = 625 N/m, compressing the spring by 0.1m to point A. Then the block
is released.

H
m

(a) Find the maximum height H (point B) the block travels up the frictionless track. [7pts]

H=

(b) How fast is the block going when halfway to its maximum height? [3.5pts]

y = H/2 m

v=
2. Objects of masses m1 = 7 kg and m2 = 12 kg are connected as shown in the figure below. The coefficient of
kinetic friction between the 7-kg object and the plane is 0.25.

a
m1 = 7 kg

m2 = 12 kg

37°

(a) Label the Free Body Diagram of each block. [3pts]

m1____ ____ m2 ____

a
a

____ 37°
____ ____

(b) Complete the following summation of forces. [5pts]

Mass m1 Mass m2

∑ F x =¿ ¿
∑ F y =¿ ¿
∑ F y =¿ ¿

(c) Calculate the acceleration of the two objects. [1pt]

a=

(d) Calculate the tension in the string. [1pt]

T=
3. A 40-kg box initially at rest is pushed 7 m along a rough, horizontal floor with a constant applied horizontal
force of 140 N. The coefficient of friction between the box and the floor is 0.25.

F 140 N

x 7 m

(a) Label the Free Body Diagram of the block. [2pts]

_____

_____ _____

Δx = 7 m

_____

(b) Calculate the work done by the applied force (F = 140 N). [2pts]

WF =

(c) Calculate the work done by gravity. [2pts]

WG =

(d) Calculate the work done by friction. [2pts]

Wf =

(e) Find the change in kinetic energy of the box. [1pt]

ΔKE =

(f) What is the final speed of the box? [1pt]

vf =

∑ F=ma f =μn Weight=mg W NET =∆ KE W =( F cos θ ) ∆ x

 ( KE+ PE g+ PE s )i=( KE+ PE g+ PEs )f 1 2 PEg =mgy 1 2
KE= m v PEs = k x
2 2

PROBLEM SOLVING: Solve completely each problem in a logical, neat and orderly manner. Include all signs and
units. Write your final answers on the boxes provided.

1. A 0.5kg block rests on a horizontal, frictionless surface as in the figure below. The block is pressed back
against a spring having a constant of k = 625 N/m, compressing the spring by 0.1m to point A. Then the block
is released.

H
m

(a) Find the maximum height H (point B) the block travels up the frictionless track. [7pts]

H = 0.638 m

( KE+ PE g+ PE s )i=( KE+ PE g+ PEs )f

1 2
0+ 0+ k x =0+mgy+ 0
2

1 2 1
kx ( 625 N /m) ( 0.1 m )2
2 2
y=H = =
mg ( 0.5 kg ) ( 9.8 m/ s2 )

H=0.638 m

(b) How fast is the block going when halfway to its maximum height? [3.5pts]

y = H/2 m

v = 2.50 m/s

( KE+ PE g+ PE s )i=( KE+ PE g+ PEs )f

1 1 1
0+ 0+ k x2 = m v 2+ mg H +0
2 2 2 ( )
1 1 2 1
0+ 0+ ( 625 N /m )( 0.1 m ) = ( 0.5 kg ) v + ( 0.5 kg ) ( 9.8 m/ s ) ( 0.638 m )+ 0
2 2
2 2 2
 √
1
( 625 N /m ) ( 0.1 m)2− ( 0.5 kg ) ( 9.8 m/ s2 ) 1 ( 0.638 m )
2 2
v= =2.50 m/s
1
( 0.5 kg )
2

2. Objects of masses m1 = 7 kg and m2 = 12 kg are connected as shown in the figure below. The coefficient of
kinetic friction between the 7-kg object and the plane is 0.25.

a
m1 = 7 kg

m2 = 12 kg

37°

(a) Label the Free Body Diagram of each block. [3pts]

m1 n T m2 T

a
a

f 37°
m1g m2g

(b) Complete the following summation of forces. [5pts]

Mass m1 Mass m2

∑ F x =T −μn−m1 g sin θ=m1 a

∑ F y =T −m2 g=−m2 a
∑ F y =n−m1 g cos θ=0

(c) Calculate the acceleration of the two objects. [1pt]

a = 3.30 m/s2

SUBSTITUTING
n1=m1 g cos θ
T −μ ( m1 g cos θ )−m1 g sin θ=m1 a T =m2 g−m2 a
T =μ ( m1 g cos θ ) +m1 g sin θ+m1 a

μ ( m1 g cos θ ) +m1 g sin θ+m1 a=m2 g−m2 a

m1 a+m2 a=m2 g−μ ( m1 g cos θ )−m1 g sin θ
m2 g−μ ( m 1 g cos θ )−m1 g sin θ
a=
m1 +m 2

( 117.6 N )− (13.70 N ) −( 41.28 N ) 62.62 N

a= =
7 kg+12 kg 19 kg
2
a=3.30 m/s
 (d) Calculate the tension in the string. [1pt]

T = 78 N

T =m2 g−m2 a=12 kg ( 9.8 m/ s2 −3.3 m/s2 ) =78 N

3. A 40-kg box initially at rest is pushed 7 m along a rough, horizontal floor with a constant applied horizontal
force of 140 N. The coefficient of friction between the box and the floor is 0.25.

F 140 N

x 7 m

(a) Label the Free Body Diagram of the block. [2pts]

f F

Δx = 7 m

mg

(b) Calculate the work done by the applied force (F = 140 N). [2pts]

WF = 980 J W F =( F cos θ ) ∆ x =( 140 N )( cos 0 ) (7 m )=980 J

(c) Calculate the work done by gravity. [2pts]

WG = 0 W g=( mg cos θ ) ∆ x =( 40 kg ) ( 9.8 m/s 2) ( cos 90 ) ( 7 m )=0

(d) Calculate the work done by friction. [2pts]

∑ F y =n−W =0
Wf = –686 J n=W =mg

W f =( f cos θ ) ∆ x= ( μn cos 180 ) ∆ x =−( μmg ) ∆ x

W f =− ( 0.25 ) ( 40 kg ) ( 9.8 m/ s2 ) ( 7 m )=−686 J

(e) Find the change in kinetic energy of the box. [1pt]

ΔKE = 294 J ∆ KE=W NET=W F +W g+ W f =980 J +0−686 J =294 J

(f) What is the final speed of the box? [1pt]

 1 1 1
∆ KE = m v f − m v i = m ( v f −v i )
2 2 2 2
vf = 3.83 m/s 2 2 2

vf =
√ 2 ∆ KE
m √
+ v i 2=
2 ( 294 J )
40 kg
+0=3.83 m/s