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Interpolation of unequally spaced data 3

The document discusses interpolation methods, focusing on Lagrange's interpolation and linear interpolation techniques for unequally spaced data points. It explains how to derive Lagrange's interpolating polynomial of degree n and introduces inverse interpolation by interchanging x and y. Additionally, it touches on divided differences and Newton's divided difference formula, providing examples for clarity.

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mohdhaseb2004
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6 views

Interpolation of unequally spaced data 3

The document discusses interpolation methods, focusing on Lagrange's interpolation and linear interpolation techniques for unequally spaced data points. It explains how to derive Lagrange's interpolating polynomial of degree n and introduces inverse interpolation by interchanging x and y. Additionally, it touches on divided differences and Newton's divided difference formula, providing examples for clarity.

Uploaded by

mohdhaseb2004
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Interpolation:

Unequally Space Data


Dr. Noor Badshah
Lagrange’s Interpolation:
• Give the 𝑛 + 1 points for the function 𝑦 𝑥 as:
𝑥0 , 𝑦0 , 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 , 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , … , (𝑥𝑛 , 𝑦𝑛 ) which may or may not
be equally spaced.
• Then our aim is to find a polynomial 𝐿𝑛 (𝑥) of degree 𝑛,
which satisfy the following
𝐿𝑛 𝑥𝑖 = 𝑦 𝑥𝑖 = 𝑦𝑖 .
Linear Interpolation
• The simplest case is the linear interpolation with two given points say: (𝑥0 , 𝑦0 )
and (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and is given by

𝑥 − 𝑥1 𝑥 − 𝑥0
𝐿1 𝑥 = 𝑦0 + 𝑦1
𝑥0 − 𝑥1 𝑥1 − 𝑥0
• The second degree Lagrange’s interpolating polynomial passing through the
points 𝑥0 , 𝑦0 , 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 , (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ) is given by

(𝑥 − 𝑥1 )(𝑥 − 𝑥2 ) (𝑥 − 𝑥0 )(𝑥 − 𝑥2 ) (𝑥 − 𝑥0 )(𝑥 − 𝑥1 )


𝐿2 𝑥 = 𝑦0 + 𝑦1 + 𝑦2
𝑥0 − 𝑥1 (𝑥0 − 𝑥2 ) (𝑥1 − 𝑥0 )(𝑥1 − 𝑥2 ) (𝑥2 − 𝑥0 )(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )
Lagrange’s Interpolating Polynomial of Degree 𝑛
• Lagrange’s Interpolating Polynomial of degree 𝑛 passing through 𝑛 + 1
points 𝑥0 , 𝑦0 , 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 , 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 , … , (𝑥𝑛 , 𝑦𝑛 ) is given by:
Inverse Interpolation:
• Interchanging 𝑥 and 𝑦 in above formula, we have:
Examples:
Conti…
Conti…
Divided Differences:
Divided Difference Table:
Newton’s Divided Difference Formula:
Examples:
Success will not come TOMORROW unless you
start TODAY…

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