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Ex 07

The experiment aims to verify the superposition theorem in linear circuits, stating that the total response is the sum of individual responses from each source. Using various resistors and DC voltage sources, the experiment measures currents and compares them to calculated values, revealing minor discrepancies due to practical factors. The findings support the theorem's predictions, demonstrating its applicability in circuit analysis.

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3 views

Ex 07

The experiment aims to verify the superposition theorem in linear circuits, stating that the total response is the sum of individual responses from each source. Using various resistors and DC voltage sources, the experiment measures currents and compares them to calculated values, revealing minor discrepancies due to practical factors. The findings support the theorem's predictions, demonstrating its applicability in circuit analysis.

Uploaded by

azazarfin54
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment No: 07

Name of the Experiment: Verification of superposition theorem.


Objective:
The objective of this lab is to verify the superposition theorem, which states that in any linear
circuit with multiple sources, the response (voltage or current) in any element is the algebraic sum
of the responses caused by each source acting independently.

Theory:
The superposition theorem is a key concept in circuit analysis that facilitates the examination of
circuits with multiple sources. It posits that the total response (voltage or current) at any point in a
linear circuit is the cumulative effect of each independent source acting alone. This is achieved by
temporarily replacing all other sources with their internal impedances—voltage sources are
replaced with short circuits, and current sources with open circuits. By analyzing the impact of
each source separately and then summing the individual effects, the overall behavior of the circuit
can be accurately predicted.

Required Apparatus:
• Resistor (3 pieces: 20  10 , 30 )
• DC voltage source (2 pieces,0-60 V)
• Ammeter (0-1 A)
• Connecting wires

Circuit Diagram:

Figure - 1: Circuit Diagram


Data Table:
Sl. Current Current Current Calculated Error
𝑰 𝑰𝟏 𝑰𝟐 Current 𝑰−𝑰𝒄
e=| |×
(A) (A) (A) 𝑰𝒄 = 𝑰𝟏 + 𝑰𝟐 𝑰

(A) 𝟏𝟎𝟎%
1 0.52 0.28 0.26 0.54 3.85
2 0.58 0.32 0.26 0.58 0
3 0.59 0.40 0.18 0.58 1.69

Calculation:
For calculated current,
1. 𝐼𝐶 = 𝐼1 + 𝐼2 = 0.28+0.26 = 0.54 A

2. 𝐼𝐶 = 𝐼1 + 𝐼2 = 0.32+0.26 = 0.58 A

3. 𝐼𝐶 = 𝐼1 + 𝐼2 = 0.40+0.18 =0.58 A
Error calculation,
𝐼−𝐼𝑐 0.52−0.54
1. 𝑒 = | | × 100% = | | × 100% = 3.85%
𝐼 0.52

𝐼−𝐼𝑐 0.58−0.58
2. 𝑒 = | | × 100% = | | × 100% = 0%
𝐼 0.58

𝐼−𝐼𝑐 0.59−0.58
3. 𝑒 = | | × 100% = | | × 100% = 1.69%
𝐼 0.58

Simulation Result:

Figure - 2: Simulation Result


Discussion:
The data collected demonstrates the application of the superposition theorem. By measuring the
current with different combinations of active sources and comparing the calculated and measured
values, we can observe how closely the actual circuit behavior matches the theoretical predictions.
Minor discrepancies between measured and calculated currents can be attributed to practical
factors such as measurement errors, resistance tolerances, and potential contact resistance in the
breadboard connections.

References:
• Charles K. Alexander, Matthew Sadiku (2017). Fundamentals of Electric Circuits, 6th
Edition. McGraw-Hill Education.

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