2020 2nd International Conference on Power, Energy, Control and Transmission Systems

Enhancing Smart Mirror with Human Health

Care Perspective towards
Intelligence in IoT Based Environment
M.Safa1,K.Meenakshi2,G.Saranya3, G.Geetha4*,Dr.S.Karpagaselvi5

1,2,3,4 Department of Information Technology, School of Computing,SRMIST, Kattankulathur

2020 International Conference on Power, Energy, Control and Transmission Systems (ICPECTS) | 978-1-7281-1084-4/20/$31.00 ©2020 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICPECTS49113.2020.9337037

5, School of Electrical and Computer, Engineering, Ethiopian Institute of Technology Mekelle,Ethiopia

Email: [email protected] , [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],

Abstract - always need as a readily available information, is all in

A Smart Mirror is another one of those smart devices one place. The information can be unrelated or related to
which have been developed to improve our normal lives by each other, based on your choice.
making the things that we use on an everyday basis Here, the mirror is personalized for the user. It
‘SMART’. It is a mirror with programmable functions and does not have any limitations with respect to the data it
features adjoining a user personalized data feed and a can display. And how convenient is it to just stare at the
mirror, hence, saving loads of time. The Mirror built in the mirror and converse with it like a regular person to log
Proposed system is more focused on the Healthcare yourself in by just looking at it. No swiping on the mirror
Perspective. The aim of keeping the user fit and healthy. In with hands to change the tabs or type in the username or
addition to displaying the existing widgets based on the password to log in. Just look at the mirror to log in and
choice of a particular user, it also displays health and your data will be displayed. Now, the question is why did
fitness related quotes, thereby constantly reminding the we choose a mirror to become SMART? Why not any
user or anybody who looks at the mirror, how important is other device? Well, a mirror is something everyone uses,
it to keep your body healthy and fit. The main reason of and it reflects on us and what better way than to focus on
building a Smart Mirror is to have everything that you our health than a mirror telling you the same?
need in a rush at the same place. For example, while Although, Smart Mirror has made life simpler, it
leaving for work in the morning or going to school in the has its downs too. But it is safe to say that since it’s a
morning or going out in the evening, you may want to relatively new technology which is still upcoming in the
know if you have any to-do tasks or medicine reminders or market, all these downs will soon be worked upon to turn
doctor appointments scheduled for the day. You may want them into its benefits.
to check how much more water should you drink to
complete your daily goal, or what your current BMI is and II. RELATEDWORKS
has it increased or decreased since last week or last month
and you can do all that just by looking in a mirror. So, all [1] This paper talks about building a Smart Mirror which
that the Smart Mirror does is make our life simpler by focuses on temperature, humidity, sensors etc. it takes
helping us to do multi-tasking and increasing our examples of the existing smart mirror projects and
efficiency in the rush hours. It has a lot of scope for products available related to the smart mirror built by
improvement in the future and the potential to be one of the team. The Smart Mirror is well-versed with
the best-selling products in the market. motion and gesture control. It also is humidity
tolerant, hence, can be easily placed in a bathroom,
Index terms – ‘SMART MIRROR’, ‘HEALTH’, with not much problem.
‘HEALTHCARE’, ‘HUMAN HEALTHCARE’ [2] This paper talks about using a Smart Mirror or a
'Magic Mirror' for teaching Anatomy. It's a great idea
I. INTRODUCTION
to involve Smart Mirror into the education system.
Currently, the use of smart devices like phones,
This mirror would let the user, staring in the mirror,
tablets etc. has definitely made life simpler for everyone.
look at his/her body parts and related images and
They have made us more systematic and thodical. But in
information about them through the text displayed on
the other sense, it is also very time consuming because you
the mirror. It eases the learning process Anatomy 3D
can't access everything at a single place and because by
and also makes it interesting. However, the organs are
using such devices you must concentrate on the device for
only displayed from the augmented dataset, and not of
a while thereby reducing your efficiency. It also has
the actual user, hence it is an illusion of the actual
health-related concerns, because you must constantly use
body parts of the user.
your hands to access these devices. The formation of
[3] This research work talks about unifying the Smart
Smart Mirror is a boon to this problem.
Mirror with the Smart Home project. It is more
A Smart Mirror is just a normal mirror with a
focused on clothing area of the everyday tasks. Based
screen behind it that displays data on it, giving it more of
on the clothes available with the user, all their images
a magical effect and hence, it is also known as a 'MAGIC
can be uploaded to the Smart Mirror dataset. Along
MIRROR' in the market. With a Smart Mirror, all that
with the user's image. Next, using augmented reality,
you want to check instantly and constantly, or all that you
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 2020 2nd International Conference on Power, Energy, Control and Transmission Systems

the mirror can show how a particular item of clothing house into a Smart House. It allows user to control the
would look on the user. Also, it can show which house, using a tablet or a Smartphone or an
clothes fit user and which do not fit anymore. All this application, merely by logging in and clicking on the
can be told by keeping a track of gain/loss in the device. The house is controlled in the sense, that all
weight of the user. its appliances are controlled by the user and this gives
[4] This paper gives emphasis to stimulating and an advantage of saving electricity by switching on
encouraging people who seem sad to the mirror. The only those appliances which are required by the user.
mood of a user is detected through facial recognition [12] This research paper presents an idea of building a
and if the person seems sad, this mirror is an angel for Smart Mirror with Augmented Reality, to help user
him/her. Based on the mood, it displays things on the decide if a specific kind of make-up suits the user or
mirror. Say if the person is sad or confused or just not not. It is just like the project, where the user could
in a good mood, it might just display the pictures of decide what clothes to wear using the mirror. This
his/her loved ones, which is bound to make anyone at mirror helps the person see how they would look with
least come out of a bad mood. a specific kind of make-up, whether it would suit
[5] This research work is all about building a voice- them or not, without putting it on.
based assistant. It comes in line with project and [13] This paper is like the previous one, except that it
products like Alexa, Google Home etc. However, it offers more. It provides the user with different angles
brings the Smart Mirror and such projects together, by of the face, while putting on make-up. It also helps in
integrating them, therefore, giving the best of all the zooming in a part of the face of the user, thereby
worlds. It was created to implement the benefits of a giving easier access to the user. It also provides a
Smart Mirror and a Smart Speaker into one product, voting system, where people online can vote whether,
so that both can be used together. a combination of make-up looks good or not on a
[6] This is an attempt to build a simple Smart Mirror, user.
with gesture recognition. It refers the existing projects [14] The goal of the mirror in this project is to help them
like Home Mirror and Magic Mirror. The aim was to wake-up early, engage them in sports activities and
fabricate a simulation and a prototype of a Smart hence, motivate them and put them in a good mood
Mirror project that could implement gesture for the remaining day. The mirror categorizes people
recognition. into two types - sportspersons and morning persons
[7] This research work talks about using the eye and hence based on their category, motivates them
movement to track focus of a user. There are two accordingly. It detects the moods and feelings of the
zones in this draft of the project, one which is focused user through their gestures and then acts accordingly.
on the eye focused area and the other which is not [15] The Smart Mirror in this project is about developing
focused upon by the eye. The one which is not the Magic Mirror by enhancing its already existing
focused upon the eye is reflected off of the mirror widgets and adding more functionalities to it, to make
surface, to give a better perspective of the things we it all the more attractive. It utilizes of the modules
see. developed by developers around the globe available
[8] This research work presents a Smart Mirror which is for the Magic Mirror to build a mirror that's even
integrated with the Smart Home system. It lets the better.
user control the appliances of his/her home
environment using a mirror. There is also a facial III. SYSTEMANALYSIS
recognition-based authentication system, and after
logging in, the feed is personalized for the user and 3.1SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
the user can adjust the widgets based on his choice. The image below shows the layout of the
[9] This paper presents a basic Smart Mirror, which lets prototype presents, Fig 1 :‘SMART MIRROR WITH HUMAN
user be updated about the outside world, by HEALTHCAREPERSPECTIVE’.
displaying news information and images. There are
two modes in this mirror, the power off mode and the
power on mode. In power off mode, the mirror acts as
a reflective surface, however, in the power on mode,
it becomes a Smart Mirror.
[10] This project in the paper talks about motivating users
to remain healthy and fit. It focuses on preventing
cardio-metabolic diseases. The mirror acts as a
counsellor, motivating users to be self-aware of their
health conditions and hence, helping them take
actions based on it. It inspires people to do something 3.2EXISTING SYSTEM
on their own and keep them in a healthy lifestyle. It Various models of Smart Mirror projects have
detects the symptoms of cardio-metabolic diseases been developed in the past and some of the most popular
through their faces, and then warns them and inspires projects (DIY) are Home Mirror and Magic Mirror. Most
them to do something about it, by improving their of the Smart Mirrors are either focused on improving the
lifestyle. basic functionalities or just focused on one particular
[11] This project introduces the idea of that of Smart aspect based on the user's choice say Smart Home
House. A Smart House is project, that converts a functionalities or increasing security through Smart

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 2020 2nd International Conference on Power, Energy, Control and Transmission Systems

Mirror.
There are more of Smart Mirror projects than
their Smart Mirror products, because it is still an
upcoming technology and product in the market. Some of
the projects related to Smart Mirror are Smart Speakers
like Alexa, Google Home etc. They are next level projects
and our project can be further enhanced in future to add
functionalities of Smart Speakers.
Magic Mirror is one of the most accepted and widely used
Smart Mirror project.
Fig 3: Proposed Block Diagram with enhanced Features
It has countless third-party modules available IMPLEMENTATION
online, which can be edited and added. A mirror is a Smart Mirror is coded in Python programming
toolthat never goes out of fashion and Smart Mirror has language. The GUI of python acts as a front-face of the
taken advantage of just that, to make us more productive mirror, which is displayed on the mirror. The back-end of
and time-efficient. Some of the Smart Mirror products the mirror is the logic which is also coded in Python. The
that have been deployed and became popular too are- basic flow of the project starts with the server, which
Smart Mirror built by a Japanese company Seraku. fetches data from the APIs used.
Their Smart Mirror is powered by an Android tablet. The server consists of the http requests which gets data in
The unique thing about this Smart Mirror is that, it is the json
built for water conservation and that is achieved format. Json format is the neither converted to text
through the functionality of Water Flow. format or into HTML format to makes its result usable.
Cyber secure Mirror built in Hong Next the data is worked upon either using calculations or
Kong. It can be controlled through a smart phone app just normally displaying it using various fields in the GUI.
or a cable TV remote. Although these Smart Mirrors, The user is registered using facial recognition. The user
have become popular in the market, there is still less logs in using speech and facial recognition.
demand for them, because of their cost price and As soon as the user logs in, user's emotion is displayed,
upcoming technology. It will take a while to become based on its facial attributes. After logging in, the data
used to the new technology. feed personalized for the logged in user is displayed and it
gets updated based on the timer set in the co
4.1REQUIREMENTS
4.1.1 Software Requirements
• Backend of the project is made suing Python which
hosts a simple webpage and opens a web browser
directed to that page
• Website is built using Python GUIPySide2
• Database is used to store information about users
• Dataset is used for emotion recognition and facial
recognition
• Google Speech Recognition is used for speech
identification

4.1.2 Hardware Requirements

Fig 2: Existing Block Diagram • Raspberry Pi 3b+
• HDMI Screen Display
IV. PROPOSEDSYSTEM • Connecting cables
Objective of the mirror is to aid us become more • Web Camera
competent in what we do, so that we can achieve more in • Mirror one way reflective sheets
whatever limited time we have. It is also applied as a
readily available glossary or an information source. It 4.2 Algorithms Available for Authentication and
provides us with a glance of the month, therefore, helping authorization:
us in deciding our daily or monthly events. Gives us a look There are many algorithms available for facial
at our appointments and events, showing free time and recognition some of the prevalent ones are –
when we are busy. 4.2.1. Fisher Face Algorithm
Gives health goals, through Fit Bit data. Tells us It uses the concept of PCA. This algorithm uses
how much more water should be drank to meet the daily Eigen faces and improves upon the Eigen faces algorithm.
limit goal. What our BMI is, is it healthy or not. It not only It is cumbersome in low illumination or in situations
displays the current days' data but also displays the data of where there is a lot of variance in illumination. It is useful
last three days, therefore giving you an average, which in situation where there is a huge alteration in facial
serves as a motivation to do more and to achieve more. characteristics.
Shown below is the workflow of the proposed system. 4.2.2 LBPH
This algorithm is the most accepted algorithm
used in facial recognition and the easiest one to use. It
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 2020 2nd International Conference on Power, Energy, Control and Transmission Systems

overcomes almost all limitations of other algorithms. lot in their scales, rotation etc. hence, it makes them all
It uses histograms of images and then histograms invariant tin scale and puts them all in the same scale
are compared for facial recognition. Histograms are space. Maxima and minima are calculated using the
created using data vectors of the snapshots of the faces Laplacian of Gaussians.
captured. 4.2.5 SURF
It is enhancement of SIFT algorithm. It speeds it
up. It also uses LOC along with Hessian Matrix as shown
in (Figure). Hessian matrix is a matrix depiction of the
image snapshots of the users used for facial recognition.

4.3 Algorithm Implemented in Smart Mirror

LBPH is the algorithm used for facial

Fig 4:Histogram image recognition..The pixels in the images are labeled and they
4.2.3 Eigen faces are converted to binary numbers. The whole process
It uses the mathematical concept of Eigen involve debriefed below
vectors and hence creates Eigen faces using these Eigen
vectors from the images captured. Every one of the Eigen Parameters required for the algorithm are first
images are then assigned weights In the end, the images obtained. There are 4 parameters required for this
with the least weight difference are used for matching the algorithm –
features captured in Eigen faces. 1. Radius – to build a circle around the central
pixel, which is the main pixel which is used in
the calculation.
2. Neighbours – these are usually 8
3. Grid X – more are the horizontal pixels, finer is
the resulting image
4. Grid Y – more are the vertical pixels, finer is the
resulting image.
Subsequent step is to train the model. Training is
done using the image captured. In the end, a faceID
is created which is used for recognizing the face later
on. Steps involved in training the image are–
1. Images are first converted to pixels which are
then represented in a 3x3matrix form.
2. Next the intensity of each of the image-points in
the matrix are calculated and all the intensities
are within the range 0 –255
3. Threshold is then calculated, and it is the central
value of the matrix.
4. Threshold is then used to create up-to-date
values for all the 8 neighbours and all these
estimates are then converted into binary
values.Itis1ifthevalueis equal to or more than the
threshold value and 0 otherwise.
5. Next, a final binary value is obtained, by reading
binary digits line by line and then this final
binary value is converted to a decimal value.
The new central value corresponds to the new image.
These new images are divided into grids, based on
Grid X and GridY
All these grids generate the histograms. And all these
histograms are then chained into a single histogram
which is then used for facial recognition.
The histograms are compared using the Euclidean
Distance between them. The lower is the Euclidean
distance, more they match. The difference is called
the confidence. The confidence is used from the
frontalface.xml file.

4.4 COMPARSION OF ALGORITHMS

Fig 5: Eigen faces Algorithm AVAILABLE
4.1.3.4 SIFT The first algorithm to successfully achieve facial
This algorithm is useful on images which vary a recognition was Eigen faces. It is founded on the concept
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 2020 2nd International Conference on Power, Energy, Control and Transmission Systems

of PCA. However, Fisher Faces, was next and it

enhanced Eigen faces. Fisher Face is supported on the Fig – Clock module in Smart Mirror
theory of FLDA or LDA.
It has a better ratio of between and interior of the 5.3 To-Do List
class scatter therefore, making it better than PCA. This is an event list which is reclaimed from the
Comparing the other algorithms, SURF and SIFT. SURF table event in the database. The data is displayed in two
is an enhancement of SIFT.SURF is three times more columns, the event name and the time it is to start. It is
rapid than SIFT. personalized for the user who has logged in. The events
However, SIFT is more robust. Somehow, there are retrieved using the user id of the logged in user. this
are more implementation of SIFT than there are of SURF. will shows the To-Do List in the Smart Mirror.
Equating Eigen faces and LBPH, the principal distinction
between the two is that in LBPH,individual images are
analyzed separately. However, in Eigen faces, the whole
dataset is analyzed. Therefore, making LBPH more
efficient and accurate. Fig 8: To-Do List in Smart Mirror

V. MODULES 5.4 Fitbit Data

Various functionalities in our project are Fitbit is a healthcare functionality and this data is
described below. There are ten functionalities in the synchronized with the Fitbit app of the user. It displays
project, out of which six of them are related to the data like the measure of water drank in a day and in the
healthcare perspective. last three days. The measure of water that should be drank
today.BMI of the user and based on the value of the BMI
5.1 Weather what range does it come in, like healthy, underweight,
Weather module is used to display the current obese etc. and that acts as a motivation for the user to act
weather in the detected location using the IP address of accordingly.
the computer .If the location is not detected, the latitude It also displays the figure of calories burnt on the
and the longitude mentioned in the code is taken as the current day as well as in the last three days. This data is
default location by default. subordinate upon the database, because it is personalized
It displays the temperature outside and what kind for the logged in user. The user has to enter his/ her
of weather it is, it can be partly cloudy or sunny etc. the access keys, consumer key, and consumer secret key and
weather is obtained using DarkSkyApi.net and IP address refresh tokens during registration in order for the Fitbit
from ipstack.com. Weather is updated every three minutes data to display.
using the timer function in the code. Refresh token refreshes the keys so that the data
is updated and accessed accordingly. shows the Fitbit data
in the Smart Mirror.

Fig 6 : Weather module in Smart Mirror

5.2 Clock
Clock is used to display the current time. Current
time is time of the computer the code works upon. Hence,
it depends upon the locale. By default, it is in the 12
hoursformat,butitcanbechangedto24hoursformat too.
Along with the time, it also shows the date and day. Fig 9 : Fitbit in Smart Mirror
Time is updated every millisecond using the
timer function in the code. this will displays the Clock 5.5 Calendar
module in the Smart Mirror Project. CalendarwidgetofPySide2isdisplayedonthemirror
. It is displayed so that the user can see the whole month
at a glance whenever he/she wants.
It helps the user decide when he/she is free to
schedule events or other meets or other tasks.

Fig 7: Time Details

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 2020 2nd International Conference on Power, Energy, Control and Transmission Systems

5.6 Symptoms-Causes Glossary

This is another health care functionality that
provides a readily available glossary of most commonly
occurring symptoms and their causes. It presents as ready
to use guide, for what could it be. It can be very useful, in
the times of crisis. the figure depicts the Symptoms-
Causes Glossary in the Smart Mirror.

Fig 13- Health tips in the Smart Mirror.

5.10 AQI
AQI tells the quality of air in the area you are in.
The area is identified using the logical address of the
computer using ipstack.com.
Based on the AQI value, the message is
Fig 10: Symptoms-Causes Glossary in the Smart Mirror. displayed whether it is safe to go outside or not.

5.7 Medicine Reminders

This helps user be reminded of the medicines to
be consumed by the user. It contains the name of the
medicine and the its timing. The data is inventoried in the
medicine table of the database. Fig 14 - AQI in the Smart Mirror
The data is then retrieved from this table based
on the user who has logged in and is then displayed in two
columns, medicine name and medicine time. .

Fig 11- Medicine Reminders in Smart Mirror.

5.8 Doctor Appointments

This helps the user be reminded of the doctor
appointments, if he has any. It contains the doctor name,
the reason for the doctor appointment and the time it is at.
The data is kept in the doc table of the database.
The data is then retrieved from this table based
on the user who has logged in and is then displayed in two Fig 15 - Screenshot of the Smart Mirror
columns, reason for the doctor appointment and the time VI. RESULT
the appointment is at. (Figure ) shows the Doctor The Smart Mirror developed in this project is just a basic
Appointments in the Smart Mirror. prototype of a healthcare smart mirror that could be
enhanced in the future to become a great device. The
featured added in the prototype are some of the basic
functionalities that must be in a healthcare prototype ,but
there is no limitation to add more and it will be even
better to add more.
The functionalities added in this project show a
Fig 12 - Doctor Appointments in the Smart Mirror. simulation of what an actual Health Care Smart Mirror
that can be sold and purchased in the market, should
5.9 Health Tips consist of.
These are the quotes about fitness and health. The reason for not using an actual mirror, but
They are refreshed every three seconds. They motivate reflective sheets in this project is, reducing the cost of
the user to stay healthy and fit by constantly displaying fabrication of the Smart Mirror. The end result is
new and refreshing fitness quotes every three seconds.. indistinguishable in a lot of aspects. We have used
Raspberry Pi because of its compact size, good processing
speed and robust nature. Also, it has the flexibility to run

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a lot of languages, and availability of a Python IDLE, to education.In 2012 IEEE Virtual Reality Workshops
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 2020 2nd International Conference on Power, Energy, Control and Transmission Systems

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