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The document provides an overview of C programming concepts, including classifications of constants, types of instructions, flow-chart creation for simple interest, and algorithms such as the Fibonacci series. It also explains logical operators, the purpose of loops, differences between while and do-while loops, and the use of break and continue statements. Additionally, it lists common header files used in C programming.

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6 views

Computer_Science_Assignment_Solved

The document provides an overview of C programming concepts, including classifications of constants, types of instructions, flow-chart creation for simple interest, and algorithms such as the Fibonacci series. It also explains logical operators, the purpose of loops, differences between while and do-while loops, and the use of break and continue statements. Additionally, it lists common header files used in C programming.

Uploaded by

kararpita814
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Science Assignment

1. Give the classification of 'C' constants.

C constants are classified into the following categories:

1. **Integer Constants:** Whole numbers without fractions (e.g., 10, -45).

2. **Real Constants:** Numbers with decimal points (e.g., 3.14, -0.01).

3. **Character Constants:** Single characters enclosed in single quotes (e.g., 'A', '9').

4. **String Constants:** A sequence of characters enclosed in double quotes (e.g., "Hello").

2. Write down different C instructions (Describe).

C instructions are classified into three types:

1. **Type Declaration Instructions:** Used to declare variables (e.g., int, float).

2. **Arithmetic Instructions:** Used to perform operations (e.g., +, -, *, /).

3. **Control Instructions:** Used to control the flow of the program (e.g., if, for, while).

3. Draw the flow-chart of the program which creates the Simple Interest.

The flow-chart involves the following steps:

1. Start

2. Input Principal (P), Rate of Interest (R), and Time (T).

3. Calculate Simple Interest: SI = (P × R × T) / 100.

4. Output the result.

5. End.

4. What is Algorithm? Write an algorithm for the program of the Fibonacci Series.

An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure or formula for solving a problem.

**Algorithm for Fibonacci Series:**

1. Start

2. Input the number of terms (n).


3. Initialize a = 0, b = 1.

4. Print a, b.

5. Repeat until n terms:

a. c = a + b

b. Print c

c. Update a = b, b = c

6. End.

5. What do you mean by logical operators?

Logical operators are used to perform logical operations in C:

1. **AND (&&):** Returns true if both conditions are true.

2. **OR (||):** Returns true if at least one condition is true.

3. **NOT (!):** Reverses the logical state.

6. Why Loop is used?

Loops are used to repeat a set of instructions until a condition is met. This reduces code

redundancy and makes programs efficient.

7. What are the different types of loops?

The main types of loops in C are:

1. **for loop:** Used when the number of iterations is known.

2. **while loop:** Used when the condition is checked before the loop starts.

3. **do-while loop:** Executes the loop body at least once before checking the condition.

8. What are the differences between while loop and do-while loop?

**while loop:**

- Checks the condition before execution.

- May not execute if the condition is false initially.

**do-while loop:**
- Executes the loop body at least once.

- Checks the condition after execution.

9. Why break statement is used? Give example.

The break statement is used to exit from a loop or switch statement before it completes its normal

iteration.

**Example:**

```

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

if (i == 5) break;

printf("%d ", i);

```

10. Why continue is used? Give example.

The continue statement is used to skip the current iteration of a loop and continue with the next

iteration.

**Example:**

```

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

if (i == 5) continue;

printf("%d ", i);

```

11. What are the different types of header files used in C programs?

Header files contain function declarations and macro definitions for libraries. Common header files

include:
1. **stdio.h:** For input/output functions (e.g., printf, scanf).

2. **stdlib.h:** For standard library functions (e.g., malloc, free).

3. **math.h:** For mathematical functions (e.g., sqrt, pow).

4. **string.h:** For string manipulation functions (e.g., strlen, strcpy).

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