intro to stat
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ryzaclarissepondavillaMath 111
Mathematics
in the Modern World
Instructor: Cristover N. Vidal
Intro to Statistics
Section 1 Section 2
Measures of Central Measures of Dispersion
Tendencey
Section 3 Section 4
Measures of Relative Normal Distributions
Position
Section 5
Linear Regression and
Correlation
Measures of Central
Tendency 1
Definition:
Statistics involves the collection,
organization, summarization, presentation,
and interpretation of data.
Definition:
The branch of statistics that involves the
collection, organization, summarization,
and presentation of data is called
descriptive statistics.
The branch that interprets and draws
conclusions from the data is called
inferential statistics.
One of the most basic statistical concepts
involves finding measures of central
tendency of a set of numerical data. It is
often helpful to find numerical values that
locate, in some sense, the center of a set of
data. These center of a set of data are also
known as averages.
We will consider three types of averages,
• arithmetic mean,
• the median, and
• the mode.
Statisticians often collect data from small
portions of a large group in order to
determine information about the group. In
such situations the entire group under
consideration is known as the population,
and any subset of the population is called a
sample.
It is traditional to denote the mean of a
sample by (which is read as “x bar”)
and to denote the mean of a population by
the Greek letter (lowercase mu).
Arithmetic Mean VS Median VS Mode
• The mean of a set of data is the most
sensitive of the averages. A change in
any of the numbers changes the mean,
and the mean can be changed drastically
by changing an extreme value.
• In contrast, the median and the mode of
a set of data are usually not changed by
changing an extreme value.
• When a data set has one or more
extreme values that are very different
from the majority of data values, the
mean will not necessarily be a good
indicator of an average value.
The Weighted Mean
A value called the weighted mean is often used
when some data values are more important than
others.
Measures of Dispersion
1
