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10 views7 pages

31106349

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ashleyfelipe53
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Chapter 2.

3
Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables

Solving Systems graphically, by substitution, and by elimination.

A system of linear equations is a collection of linear equations containing the same set of
variables.

Solution by Substitution

One equation is solved for a variable and that variable is replaced by the equivalent expression in
the other equation.

Example

p = 200 − 2q
p = 60 + 5q

Now, plug 20 into either equation to find p.

Solution of Systems of Equations by Substitution

1. Solve one of the equations for one of the variables in terms of the other variable.

2. Substitute the expression from step 1 into the other equation to give an equation in one
variable.

3. Solve the linear equation for the variable

4. Substitute this solution into the equation from step 1 or into one of the original equations
and solve this equation for the second variable.

5. Check the solution in both original equations or check graphically.

1
Solve the Following System by Substitution

3x + 4y = 10
4x − 2y = 6

Solve the Following System by Substitution

y = 0.158x − 0.0949
y = 0.037x + 1.477

2
Solution by Elimination

1. If necessary, multiply one or both equations by a nonzero number that will make the
coefficients of one of the variables in the equations equal, except perhaps for sign.

2. Add or subtract the equations to eliminate one of the variables.

3. Solve for the variable in the resulting equation.

4. Substitute the solution from step 3 into one of the original equations and solve for the
second variable.

5. Check the solutions in the remaining original equation or check graphically.

Solve the Following System by Elimination

3x + 4y = 10
4x − 2y = 6

Solve the Following System by Elimination

x+ y = 300, 000
0.12x + 0.07y = 27, 000

3
Solve the Following System by Any Means

x + y = 20
0.12x + 0.08y = 1.8

Solve the Following System by Elimination

6x + 2y = 2
x = 3y + 2

4
Graphical Solution of Systems
3000x − 7200 = 5800x – 8600

Method 1:

y1 = 3000x − 7200
y2 = 5800x – 8600

Now plug both into your TI 84 and find the point at which they intersect. This x value for this point
of intersection is the answer to the above equation.

Method 2:

0 = 2800x − 1400
y = 2800x – 1400

Find the Zero with the TI 84.

Example:

y = 0.158x − 0.0949
y = 0.037x + 1.477

5
Example: Each ounce of a substance A supplies 6% of a nutrient a patient needs, and each ounce
of substance B supplies 10% of the required nutrient. If the total number of ounces given to the
patient was 14 and 100% of the nutrient was supplied, how many ounces of each substance was
given?

Systems with Non-unique Solutions

2x − 3y = 4
6x − 9y = 12

2x − 3y = 4
6x − 9y = 36

6
Practice Problems:

1) 4x + 6y = 4
x = 4y + 8

2) 2x − 5y = 16
6x − 8y = 34

3) 4x − 3y = 9
8x − 6y = 16

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