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Process Engineering Calculations (Part 1)-116

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Process Engineering Calculations (Part 1)-116

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Varatha
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© © All Rights Reserved
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exchanger can be determined.

They inferred that the rapid design algorithm avoids the need to
evaluate much potential geometry while ensuring the full use of the allowable pressure drop.
The only restrictions are:
The pressure drop (ΔP) referred to is that associated with flow through the exchanger bundle, as no
account is taken of any nozzle or header pressure drops. Allowance for these drops must be made ahead
of design and checked after design. However, this restriction is not considered to adversely affect the
design. Kern correlations are generally considered too inaccurate for use in modern exchanger design.
Their methodology started with a consideration of the Bell-Delaware Method as described earlier and
proceeded to consider current state-of-the-art commercial methodologies.
The algorithms used in the design have been tested with data from literature, which show that in the
case of the shell and tube heat exchanger algorithm, there appears to be the first one which makes full
use of both allowable pressure drops and thereby identifies the smallest exchanger for a given duty.
Alternatively, in the case of compact heat exchangers, a major use of such an algorithm would be the
identification of the best surface combination for a specific duty. The research showed that the basic
algorithm can be applied using the Bell-Delaware method for shell and tube
exchangers, as the approach can be further extended to even more sophisticated methods through the
use of geometrical similarity (e.g., 25% baffle cut, baffle spacing equal to shell diameter).

A = area (m2)
d = tube diameter (m)
Ds = shell diameter (m)
Ft = ΔTLMTD correction factor (non-counter-current flow)
h = film heat transfer coefficient (W/m2 oK)
K = dimensional constant, solely dependent on physical properties, volumetric flow rate, and a
single
characteristic dimension.
R = fouling resistance (m2 K/W)
Δp = pressure drop (kPa)
Subscripts
i = inside surface
o = outside surface
s = shell side
t = tube side

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