Ionic Equilibrium

Single Correct Answer Type

1. The precipitate of CaF2 (Ksp = 1.7  1010) is obtained, equal volumes of the following are mixed
(A) 104 M Ca2+ + 104 MF (B) 102 M Ca2+ + 103 MF
(C) 105 M Ca2+ + 103 MF (D) 103 M Ca2+ + 105 MF
2. A certain buffer solution contains equal concentration of X and HX. The Kb for X is 1010. The pH of
the buffer is
(A) 4 (B) 7 (C) 10 (D) 14
4
3. A certain weak acid has a dissociation constant of 1.0  10 . The equilibrium constant for its reaction
with a strong base is
(A) 1.0  104 (B) 1.0  1010 (C) 1.0  1010 (D) 1.0  1014
4. For a sparingly soluble salt ApBq, the relationship of its solubility product (LS) with its solubility (S) is
(A) LS = Sp + q. pp. qq (B) LS = Sp + q. pq. qp
(C) LS = Spq. pp. qq (D) LS = Spq. (p. q)(p +q)
5. HX is a weak acid (Ka = 105). It forms a salt NaX (0.1M) on reacting with caustic soda. The degree of
hydrolysis of NaX is
(A) 0.01% (B) 0.0001 % (C) 0.1% (D) 0.5%
4
6. When 0.1 mol of CH3NH2 (Kb = 5  10 ) is mixed with 0.08 mol of HCl and diluted to 1 L, what will be
the H concentration in the solution?
(A) 8  102 M (B) 8  1011 M (C) 1.6  1011 M (D) 8  105 M
7. Ag+ + NH3 [Ag(NH3)]+ ; K1 = 3.5  103
[Ag(NH3)]+ + NH3 [Ag(NH3)2 ]+; K2 = 1.7  103
Then the formation constant of [Ag(NH3)2]+ is
(A) 6.08  106 (B) 6.08  106 (C) 6.08  109 (D) None of these
2 12 2
8. When 2.5 mL of M weak monoacidic base (Kb = 1  10 at 25°C) is titrated with M HC1 in water
5 15
at 25°C, the concentration of H+ at equivalence point is (Kw = 1  1014 at 25°C).
(A) 3.7  1013 M (B) 3.2  107 M (C) 3.2  102 M (D) 2.7  102 M

Subjective Type
1. How many moles of sodium propionate should be added to 1 L of an aqueous solution containing
0.020 mol of propionic acid to obtain a buffer solution of pH 4.75? What will be the pH if 0.010 mol of
HC1 is dissolved in the above buffer solution. Compare the last pH value with the pH of 0.010 M HCl
solution. Dissociation constant of propionic acid, Ka, at 25 °C is 1.34  105 .
2. Twenty millilitre of 0.2 M sodium hydroxide is added to 50 mL of 0.2 M acetic acid to give 70 mL of the
solution. What is the pH of this solution? Calculate the additional volume of 0.2 M NaOH required to
make the pH of the solution 4.74. (lonisation constant of CH3COOH is 1.8  105.)
3. A solution contains a mixture of Ag+(0.10 M) and Hg2+ (0.10 M) which are to be separated by selective
precipitation. Calculate the maximum concentration of iodine ion at which one of them gets precipitated
almost completely. What percentage of that metal ion is precipitated? K sp, of AgI is 8.5  1017, Hg2I2 is
2.5  1026.

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4. The concentration of hydrogen ions in a 0.2 M solution of formic acid is 6.4  103 mol L1. To this
solution, sodium formate is added so as to adjust the concentration of sodium formate to 1 mol L1.
What will be the pH of this solution?
The dissociation constant of formic acid is 2.4  104 and the degree of dissociation of sodium formate is
0.75.
5. The solubility of Mg(OH)2 in pure water is 9.57  103 gL1. Calculate its solubility (in g L1) in 0.02 M
Mg(NO3)2 solution.
6. What is the pH of the solution when 0.20 mol of HCl is added to 1 L of a solution containing
(a) 1 M each of acetic acid and acetate ion
(b) 0.1 M each of acetic acid and acetate ion
Assume the total volume is 1 L. Ka for acetic acid is 1.8  105.
7. How many gram mole of HC1 will be required to prepare 1 L of buffer solution (containing NaCN and
HCl) of pH 8.5 using 0.01 g formula weight of NaCN? KHCN = 4.1  1010.
8. Freshly precipitated aluminium and magnesium hydroxides are stirred vigorously in a buffer solution
containing 0.25 mol L1 of NH4C1 and 0.05 M of ammonium hydroxide. Calculate the concentration of
aluminium and magnesium ions in the solution.
Kb[NH4OH] = 1.8  105
Ksp[Mg(OH)2] = 8.9  1012
Ksp[Al(OH)3] = 6  1032
9. What is the pH of a 1.0 M solution of acetic acid? To what volume must 1 L of this solution be diluted so
that the pH of the resulting solution will be twice the original value?
Given: Ka = 1.8  105.
10. A 40.0 mL solution of a weak base, BOH is titrated with 0.1 N HCl solution. The pH of the solution is
found to be 10.04 and 9.14 after the addition of 5.0 mL and 20.0 mL of the acid, respectively. Find out
the dissociation constant of the base.
11. The solubility product of Ag2C2O4 at 25°C is 1.29  1011 mol3 L3. A solution of K2C2O4 containing
0.1520 mol in 500 mL water is shaken at 25 °C with excess of Ag2CO3 till the following equilibrium is
reached:
Ag2CO3 + K2C2O4 Ag2C2O4 + K2CO3
At equilibrium, the solution contains 0.0358 mol of K2CO3. Assuming the degree of dissociation of
K2C2O4 and K2CO3 to be equal, calculate the solubility product of Ag2CO3.
12. The solubility product (Ksp) of Ca(OH)2 at 25°C is 4.42  105. When a 500 mL of a saturated solution of
Ca(OH)2 is mixed with equal volume of 0.4 M NaOH, how much Ca(OH)2 (in milligrams) is
precipitated?
13. The pH of blood stream is maintained by a proper balance of H2CO3 and NaHCO3 concentrations. What
volume of 5 M NaHCO3 solution should be mixed with a 10 mL sample of blood which is 2 M in
H2CO3, in order to maintain a pH of 7.4? (Ka for H2CO3 in blood is 7.8  107.)
14. An aqueous solution of a metal bromide MBr2(0.05 M) is saturated with H2S. What is the minimum pH
at which MS will precipitate. Ksp for MS is 6.0  1021, concentration of saturated H2S is 0.1 M,
K1 = 107, and K2 = 1.3 1013, for H2S.
15. For the reaction
[Ag(CN)2] Ag+ + 2CN

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 The equilibrium constant at 25 °C is 4.0  1019. Calculate the silver ion concentration in a solution
which was originally 0.10 M in KCN and 0.03 M in AgNO3.
16. A sample of AgC1 was treated with 5.00 mL of 1.5 M Na2CO3 solution to give Ag2CO3. The remaining
solution contained 0.0026 g of Cl ions perlitre. Calculate the solubility product of AgCl. [Ksp (Ag2CO3)
= 8.2  1012]
17. Given
Ag(NH3) 2 Ag+ + 2NH3
Kc = 6.2  108 and
Ksp of AgC1 = 1.8  1010 at 298 K.
If ammonia is added to a water solution containing excess of AgC1(s) only, calculate the concentration
of the complex in 1.0 M aqueous ammonia.
18. The average concentration of SO2 in the atmosphere over a city on a certain day is 10 ppm, when the
average temperature is 298 K. Given that the solubility of SO2 in water at 298 K is 1.3653 mol L1 and
PKa of H2SO3 is 1.92, estimate the pH of rain on that day.
19. Five hundred millilitre of 0.2 M aqueous solution of acetic acid is mixed with 500 mL of 0.2 M HCl at
25°C.
(i) Calculate the degree of dissociation of acetic acid in the resulting solution and pH of the solution.
(ii) If 6 g of NaOH is added to the above solution, determine the final pH (assuming no change in
volume on mixing. Ka of acetic acid is 1.75  105 mol L1.)
20. In an experiment, 0.1 M NaOH is titrated with 0.1 M HA till the end point, K a for HA is 5.6  105 and
the degree of hydrolysis is less compared to 1. Calculate the pH of the resulting solution at the end point.