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Class Notes 1Nov

This document discusses the concept of proportionality, detailing the two main types: direct and indirect proportions. Direct proportions indicate that as one quantity increases, the other does as well, while indirect proportions show that as one quantity increases, the other decreases. It also covers graphical representations of proportional relationships and conditions for both proportional and nonproportional relationships.

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2 views

Class Notes 1Nov

This document discusses the concept of proportionality, detailing the two main types: direct and indirect proportions. Direct proportions indicate that as one quantity increases, the other does as well, while indirect proportions show that as one quantity increases, the other decreases. It also covers graphical representations of proportional relationships and conditions for both proportional and nonproportional relationships.

Uploaded by

aritrasaha20182018
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Class Notes

Chapter: - Proportionality: Attributes of Linear Relationship


Date: 01/11/2024

 Introduction

 Proportion is nothing but comparing 2 numbers of the same function.


 Function means the series or types (like money, weight, etc)
 The mathematical approach to studying proportion is called Proportionality.
 Proportion is mainly 2 types: -
a. Direct Proportion
b. Indirect/Inverse Proportion.

 Direct Proportions: -

If the 2 numbers of the same quantities have a direct or similar relation with each other then
that is called direct proportions. It means that if the value of one function is increasing then
the value of the other function should be increasing and if the value of one function is
decreasing then the value of the other function must be decreasing in the same ratio.

Example: - If 1 apple costs 2 Dollars then what will be the cost of 5 apples? Ans: - 10 Dollars
(Hints: - Apple ↑ so that the cost ↑)

If a car can cover 30 KM in 1 hour, then the car will travel how much distance in
4 hours with the same speed? Ans: - 120 KM (Hints: - Time ↑ Distance ↑)

 Indirect Proportions: -

If the 2 numbers of the same quantities have an opposite relation with each other then that
is called indirect proportions. It means that if the value of one function is increasing then
the value of the other function should be decreasing and if the value of one function is
decreasing then the value of the other function must be increasing in the same ratio.

Example: - If a car with a speed of 60 km/h can cover a distance in 2 hours then the same car
will take how much time to cover the same distance with a speed of 80 km/h? Ans: - 1.5 h
(Hints: - Speed ↑ Time ↓)

If a boy can do his homework in 4 hours, then 2 boys will take how much time to do the
same amount of HW? Ans: - 2 hours (Hints: - Boys ↑ Time ↓)
If you and your friend have 4 slices of pizza, you will get 2 slices each. But if another 2 friends
join you, then you guys will have how many slice each? Ans: - 1 slice
(Hints: - Boys↑ Pizza slice↓)

 Graphs of proportional relationship

a. X-axis is horizontal
b. The Y-axis is vertical
c. Y=3X example
d. Y= 5X/6 example
e. Rise/run formula
f. (Rise is the upwards direction of the fraction) and Run is towards y direction

 Representing Proportional Relationship

Conditions for the proportional relationships are: -

a. The graphical line should be straight.


b. The straight line must pass through the origin.
c. For the 2nd and 3rd one we must create an equivalent
ratio.
d. If the ratios are the same then it must be proportional.

 Representing linear nonproportional equations

a. Y = 2X + 1
b. Y =4X + 2
Conditions for linear nonproportional relationships are: -

a. The line must not pass the origin


b. The X/Y ratio shouldn’t always be the same.

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