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Lesson 1

This document provides an introduction to computers, defining them as electronic devices that process data and produce output. It outlines the main components of a computer, including hardware, software, input and output devices, the CPU, and storage types. Additionally, it describes different types of computers and their primary functions.

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Ciarra Amor Mazaredo
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4 views

Lesson 1

This document provides an introduction to computers, defining them as electronic devices that process data and produce output. It outlines the main components of a computer, including hardware, software, input and output devices, the CPU, and storage types. Additionally, it describes different types of computers and their primary functions.

Uploaded by

Ciarra Amor Mazaredo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 1: Introduction to Computers

Definition of a Computer:
- A computer is an electronic device that accepts data as input, processes it according to
instructions (called a program), and provides an output. It can also store information for
future use.

Main Components of a Computer:


- A computer system is made up of hardware (the physical components) and software
(the programs running on the computer).

Input Devices:
Devices used to send data to the computer.
• Keyboard: Used for typing letters, numbers, and commands.
• Mouse: Used for clicking, dragging, and navigating on-screen options.
• Microphone: Used to input sound.

Output Devices:
Devices used to display or produce results from the computer.
• Monitor: Displays text, images, and videos on the screen.
• Printer: Produces a physical copy of a document or image.
• Speakers: Output sound from the computer.

Central Processing Unit (CPU):


- The “brain” of the computer that processes all data and instructions.
- The CPU controls all activities of the computer.

Storage Devices:

Devices used to store data for future use.


• Primary Storage: Also known as RAM (Random Access Memory). It stores temporary
data that is deleted when the computer is turned off.
Example: When you type in Word without saving, the data is lost when you shut down the
computer.
• Secondary Storage: Permanent storage like hard drives, SSDs, and USB drives.
Example: Saving a presentation to your computer ensures you can open it later.
Types of Computers:
• Desktop Computers: Stationary computers placed on desks.
• Laptops: Portable computers with a built-in screen and keyboard.
• Tablets: Lightweight, touch-based computers without a physical keyboard.
• Servers: Powerful computers used to store and manage large amounts of data and
control networks.

Functions of a Computer:
• Input: The computer receives data from the user.
• Processing: The computer processes the input and performs calculations.
• Output: The computer displays or prints the result.

Hardware vs Software:
• Hardware: Physical parts of a computer system.
Examples: Monitor, keyboard, mouse, CPU, printer.
• Software: Programs and applications that tell the computer what to do.
Examples: MS Word (for typing documents), Google Chrome (for browsing the web), Adobe
Photoshop (for editing photos).

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