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Matrices and Determinants

The document contains a series of mathematical problems related to matrices and determinants, including the application of Cramer's rule, matrix inversion, and input-output analysis in economics. It covers various scenarios such as investment in bonds, production of goods, and the calculation of gross outputs and equilibrium prices in an economy. Each problem requires the use of matrix methods to derive solutions for given equations and economic models.

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Tannu Yadav
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19 views

Matrices and Determinants

The document contains a series of mathematical problems related to matrices and determinants, including the application of Cramer's rule, matrix inversion, and input-output analysis in economics. It covers various scenarios such as investment in bonds, production of goods, and the calculation of gross outputs and equilibrium prices in an economy. Each problem requires the use of matrix methods to derive solutions for given equations and economic models.

Uploaded by

Tannu Yadav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Matrices and Determinants

1. Solve the following equations by Cramer’s rule


2 x− y +3 z=9
x + y + z=6
x− y + z=2

2. For a square matrix

[ ]
1 1 1
A 1 2 −3
¿
2 −1 3

[ ]
1 0 0
Prove that A( Adjoint A )= | A| 0 1 0
0 0 1

3. Do the above 1st question as per matrix inversion method.

4. Mr X has invested a part of his investment in 10% Bond A and a part in 15%
Bond B. His interest income during first year is Rs 40000. If he wants 20%
more in Bond A and 10% more in Bond B, his income during second year
increases by Rs5,000. Find his initial investment and the new investment in
Bonds A and B, using Matrix method.

5. A firm produces two products P1 and P2 passing through two machines M1


and M2 . M1 can produce 15 units of either product per hour. M2 can
produce 15 units of P2 per hour and the two products take time in the ratio
3:2 on the machine M2. The time available is 10 hrs on M1 and 12 hrs on M2
per day. Using matrices , find the daily production of P1 and P2.

6. Obtain the input output coefficients for the following input- output table of
a certain economy in a certain year( figures are in millions rupees )
from To input Inter sectoral Consumer Total
(output) agriculture industr services dd demand output
y
agriculture 80 100 100 280 40 320
industry 80 200 60 340 60 400
services 80 100 100 280 20 300

i. Interpret the table clearly


ii. Obtain the gross outputs of the three sectors to meet the final dd
iii. Determine the output of the final dd changes to 60 for agriculture, 40
for industry and 60 for services.

7. The following is the input output coefficient matrix for three industries.

[ ] [ ]
0.2 0.3 0.1 100
A ¿ 0 0.5 0.2 If 200 be the final demand for 3 industries, find the
0 0 0.5 300
gross output.

8. A three sector economy has the following input-output coefficient matrix:

[ ]
0 0.5 0
A= 0.2 0 0.5 the labour days required per unit of the output of the
0.4 0 0
three sectors are 0.4, 0.7 and 1.2 respectively, and their consumer
output targets are 1000, 5000 and 4000 units respectively. The wage rate
is Rs 100 per day . By using Matrix algebra ,you are required to find out:
i) The gross output of each sector
ii) Total labour days required
iii) Equilibrium prices, and
iv) Total value added

9. Final demand for Steel, Coal and Electricity in an economy consisting only of
these three sectors are Rs 10 crores , Rs 5 crores and Rs 6 crores
respectively. It is given that a rupee worth of steel requires 20 paise, 40
paise ,and 10 paise worth of steel, coal and electricity respectively as inputs;
a rupee worth of coal requires 30 paise, 10 paise and 30 paise worth of steel
, coal and, electricity as inputs and that a rupee worth of electricity requires
20 paise worth of steel, coal and electricity each respectively as inputs. How
much of steel coal and electricity should be produced to satisfy both final
and intermediate demands?
Land and labour are used as two primary inputs, their coefficients for the

[ 0.3 0.2 0.5


]
three sectors are given as : 0.4 0.1 0.2 If the wage rate and rent rate
are Rs 500 and Rs1000 respectively, find the equilibrium prices for the
three sectors.

10.An economy produces two commodities , say X and Y, for which the input-

[ 0.3 0.5]
output coefficient matrix is 0.4 0.2 and primary input coefficients are 0.2
and 0.4. The final demands for X and Y are 200 and 150 respectively. Write
the input-output table. If the primary input costs Rs 40 per unit, write the
simultaneous equations giving the equilibrium prices. Find the equilibrium
prices and the value added in each sector.

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