Which of the following alternatives is/are only consists of micro nutrients?

A. Iron (Fe), Hydrogen (H), Potassium (K), Nitrogen (N), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium
(Mg) and Zinc (Zn)
B. Carbon (C), Zinc (Zn), Sulphur (S), Chlorine (Cl), Manganese (Mn), Boron (B) and
Copper (Cu)
C. Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium
(Mg), Potassium (K), Sulphur (S) and Phosphorous (P)
D. Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Boron (B), Molybdenum (Mo), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn),
Chlorine (Cl), and Nickel (Ni)
ANSWER: D
Which of the following best defines plant breeding?
A. The cultivation of plants for decorative purposes
B. The production of new plant species through genetic modification
C. The deliberate manipulation of plant species to create desirable traits
D. The study of plant anatomy and morphology
ANSWER: C
The expression of a transgene in the target tissue is identified by a
A. Transgene
B. Promoter
C. Enhancer
D. Reporter
ANSWER: D
A type of research done to adjust new technologies to a specific set of
environmental condition?
A. Adaptive Research
B. Applied Research
C. Fundamental Research
D. All
ANSWER: A
Pure Research How does irrigation contribute to sustainable agriculture?
A. By reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides
B. By conserving water resources and improving water use efficiency
C. By promoting biodiversity in agricultural ecosystems
D. All of the above
ANSWER: D
One of the following is type of hybridization involved in varieties or races of the
same species A. Distant Hybridization
B. Intergeneric hybridization
C. Interspecific hybridization
D. Intraspecific hybridization
ANSWER: D
What is gravitational water in soil classification?
A. Water held tightly by soil particles
B. Water that drains freely through the soil due to gravity
C. Water absorbed by plant roots for hydration
D. Water vapor present in the soil atmosphere
ANSWER: B
from the following alternatives which is correct about Apomixis?
A. Formation of seeds without fertilization
B. Formation of seeds with fertilization.
C. Formation of spore with fertilization
D. Formation of seed by vegetative
ANSWER: A
____________ is a place where seedlings are cared during the early stages of
growth,
A. Main field
B. Nursery
C. Bed
D. All
ANSWER: B
Which of the following alternative is mismatched?
A. Genetic inheritance- Mendel
C. Selective breeding – new variety
B. Species variation- Darwin
D. None
ANSWER: D
Which one of the following is incorrect about heterosis in plant breeding program?
A. Heterosis can be developed from only one parent through asexual reproductions
B. Heterosis can be obtained from two inbred-line parents
C. Heterosisis greater in resistance to diseases and pests
D. Heterosis can increase reproductive ability of the crop
ANSWER: B
Which of the following alternative is correctly-matched?
A. Cutting of DNA strand- ligase
B. joining of DNA- restriction endonucleases
C. RNA to cDNA - reverse transcriptase
D. break strand DNA- polymerase
ANSWER: C
Which of the following alternatives is/are true about the lag phase?
A. The plant starts maturing and there is no increase in growth with time
B. It is the period of slow growth after the seed germination
C. Enzymatic activity and photosynthesis is taking place at optimum rate
D. All the cells during this phase are actively dividing
ANSWER: B
The correct procedure for research is follows steps---------?
A. Careful observation and collection of the data, planning an experiment,
Formulation of hypothesis and Analysis and interpretation of the experimental
results
B. Planning an experiment, Formulation of hypothesis, Careful observation and
collection of the data and Analysis and interpretation of the experimental results
C. Formulation of hypothesis, planning an experiment, Careful observation and
collection of the data and Analysis and interpretation of the experimental results
D. Formulation of hypothesis, planning an experiment, Analysis and interpretation
of the experimental results and Careful observation and collection of the data
ANSWER: C
Inorganic/Synthetic substances containing one or more plant nutrients in easily
soluble and quickly available form.
A. Commercial fertilizer
B. Compost
C. Organic fertilizer
D. All
ANSWER: A
What factor primarily influences the rate of infiltration in soil?
A. Soil texture
B. Soil color
C. Soil organic matter content
D. Soil pH
ANSWER: A
Which of the following alternative is not a molecular marker?
A. AFLP
B. RAPD
C. Phenotypic markers
D. SSRs
ANSWER: C
The process of initiation and development of embryos or embryo-like structure from
embryogenic potential somatic cells of callus tissue or cell of suspension culture
in in vitro is called
A. Callus formation
B. mutagenesis
C. cell culture
D. somatic embryogenesis
ANSWER: D
Which of the following statements is true regarding the need for irrigation?
A. Irrigation is always required for all crops regardless of the climate.
B. Irrigation is only required in regions with heavy rainfall.
C. Irrigation is necessary when natural rainfall is insufficient for crop growth.
D. Irrigation is mainly used for aesthetic purposes in landscaping.
ANSWER: C
Which of the following is not true about soil colloids?
A. All clay minerals are strictly colloidal
B. Because of their small size, all soil colloids have large surface area per unit
mass
C. Inorganic and organic soil colloids have extremely small size (< 0.001)
D. Soil colloids are the most active portion of the soil
ANSWER: A
__refers to the attainment of final stage of biological function by a plant part of
plant as a whole.
A. Maturity
B. Physiological maturity
C. Horticultural Maturity
D. None
ANSWER: B
Which one of the following is purpose of clearing?
A. Avoiding competition of nutrients, water, light and air
B. Eliminating the shelter of pests and diseases
C. Enhancing good vegetable crop development
D. All
ANSWER: D
What is the role of irrigation scheduling in agriculture?
A. Determining the best time to plant crops
B. Estimating the crop water requirements
C. Calculating the market demand for agricultural products
D. Evaluating the soil composition in the fields
ANSWER: B
What is plagiarism?
A. Comparing others’ idea with your own
B. Presenting others’ idea as your own
C. Incorrectly addressing your result
D. Using others’ idea as a source of information
ANSWER: B
Which one of the following factor cannot affect the depth of planting?
A. Moisture content of soil
B. Size of seeds
C. kind of soil
D. None
ANSWER: D
_______is lifting of plants carefully from one place and planting them at another
place.
A. Nursery
B. Curing
C. Pruning
D. Transplanting
ANSWER: D
Which one of the following is/are best characteristics of Cross-pollinated crops?
A. Identical genotypes
B. Low variability
C. Clonal populations
D. High variability
ANSWER: D
All of the following information should be written under methodology parts of
scientific research except?
A. Kind of design
B. Mean of gathered data
C. Methods of gathering data
D. Description of data gathering instruments used
ANSWER: B
Types of seed quality which provide the potential for higher yield, better grain
quality, and greater tolerance to biotic or abiotic stresses is
A. Physical seed quality
B. Physiological seed quality
C. Genetic seed quality
D. Morphological seed quality
ANSWER: C
One of the following is a type of selections in which two individuals are related
by descent and have a common parent in their ancestry?
A. Mass selections
B. Pedigree selections
C. Pure line selections
D. Clonal selections
ANSWER: B
Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is:
A. Trapping of ammonium (NH4+) ions in the interlayer spacing of some
phyllosilicate minerals
B. Biochemical reduction of atmospheric nitrogen (N2) to ammonia (NH3), carried out
by certain bacteria and actynomicetes
C. Release of inorganic forms of nitrogen through decomposition of organic
compounds
D. Plant uptake of nitrogen
ANSWER: B
What is the term used to describe the mating of two different plants within the
same species?
A. Self-pollination
B. Cross-pollination
C. Cloning
D. Hybridization
ANSWER: B
Which one of the following is not true about criteria for identification of
entries/ varieties for release?
A. A variety significantly superior to the check in yield and comparable to the
check in disease resistance is identified.
B. A variety not resistance to disease and significantly inferior to the check in
yield is not identified.
C. A variety resistance to disease but significantly inferior to the check in yield
is identified.
D. A Variety comparable to the check in yield but consistently and markedly
superior to it in disease resistance is identified.
ANSWER: C
From the following ex-situ conservation is storage of biological material for long
period of time in liquid nitrogen at -196 oC?
A. In-vitro conservation
B. Seed bank
C. Cryopreservation
D. Pollen preservation
ANSWER: C
A soil scientist was taken a moist soil sample from the field to determine the
texture of the soil by feel and appearance method. The moist soil sample was
kneaded between his fingers and thumbs and the soil feels sticky and forms longer
ribbons before it will break down, so which types of soil separates do you expect
from this determination?
A. Sand
B. Clay
C. Silt
D. Loam
ANSWER: B
Which system is more likely to ensure seed quality and genetic purity?
A. Formal seed supply system
B. Informal seed supply system
C. Both systems ensure equal quality
D. Quality cannot be determined by the type of system
ANSWER: A
Which of the following is the best technique to measure the overall quality of a
seed lot?
A. Using physically uniform sized seed
B. Taking a seed from legal source
C. Checking seeds for seed quality standard in the laboratory
D. Using phenotypically vigorous seed
ANSWER: C
The seed that cannot be used in second generation is-----------
A. Composite seeds
B. Synthetic seeds
C. High yielding variety
D. Hybrid seeds
ANSWER: D
A soil is said to be Saline-Sodic if:-
A. It has an electrical conductivity (EC) value of less than 4ds/m
B. It has an exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) value of less than 15%
C. It has significantly higher concentrations of sodium ion relative to calcium and
magnesium ion.
D. It has sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) value of less than 13%
ANSWER: C
A type of research done to solve specific and practical problems is?
A. Basic Research
B. Applied Research
C. Fundamental Research
D. Pure Research
ANSWER: B
Which one of the following statements is/are not correct?
A. A visual survey of the field should proceed before the actual soil sampling is
taking
B. Fields with significant landscape or other differences should be divided into
separate sample areas/unit
C. Moist soil samples should be oven dried before being bagged and sent to a soil
testing lab
D. Drying soil samples in a direct sunlight and oven may alter the physical and
chemical properties of the soil
ANSWER: C
Which of the following is environmental importance of fruit production?
A. Generate employment even for trained persons
B. Ecological balance and to increase precipitations of the locality.
C. Import substitution
D. It is compensated by higher productivity or due to high value of produce.
ANSWER: B
Which one of the following is not the significance of sex prediction in Papaya?
A. Avoid the need for removing undesired sex types (save resources)
B. Important in selecting parents for use in hybridization work.
C. Desired sex type can be selected prior to micro propagation.
D. For managing storage temperature and relative humidity
ANSWER: D
Which one of the following is not true about mono-embryonic embryo?
A. Sexual in origin
B. Do not breed true to type
C. Propagated vegetative if one want to preserve their properties
D. Have upright zygotic and nucellar seedlings per a single seed
ANSWER: D
Which one of the following is edible banana section?
A. Rhodochlamys
B. Eumusa
C. Callimusa
D. Australimusa
ANSWER: B
Which of the following is not climacteric fruit?
A. Guava
B. Papaya
C. Mango
D. Citrus
ANSWER: D
Which of the following is not management system of black sigatoka disease in
banana?
A. regular fungicide applications
B. increase plant spacing to improve air circulation
C. increase humidity
D. remove leaves with mature spots
ANSWER: C
Which of the following is the most important operation in pineapple cultivation?
A. Training
B. Pruning
C. Earthing up
D. Dehuscking
ANSWER: C
All the following are major changes in their chemical and physical state of flashy
fruit when undergoing ripening except
A. Sucrose is converted into fructose and glucose
B. The green color disappears, other colors become visible
C. The aroma and the taste decrease.
D. The acid content decrease
ANSWER: C
One of the following is not major factor to be considered in crop selection.
A. Crop or varietal adaptability
B. Marketability and profitability
C. Resistance to pests and diseases
D. None
ANSWER: D
One of the following is advantage of sunken bed
A. No water stagnation in the area
B. it is easy to prepare
C. it protect seedling from frost
D. it is a summer season bed
ANSWER: C
The organism which derive nutrient always from living host/ tissues/ cells on which
they complete their life cycle are :
A. Obligate parasite
B. Saprophytes
C. Facultative saprophytes
D. Necrotrophas
ANSWER: A
The members of which group of fungi are commonly called as sac fungi, because of
production of sexual spores (usually 8) in a sac like structure
A. Ascomycetes
B. Basidiomycetes
C. Oomycetes
D. Zygomycetes
ANSWER: A
A thin hair like, filamentous structure that protrude through the cell wall and are
responsible for swimming motility in bacteria composed of:
A. Pillin protein
B. Flagellin protein
C. Mucopeptide
D. None of the above
ANSWER: B
The late blight of potato destroyed the potato crop of Ireland in 1845, was caused
by:
A. Alternaria solani
B. Phytophthora infestans
C. Puccinia gramini tritici
D. Synchytrium endobioticum
ANSWER: B
A disease which spreads over continents/subcontinents, and results a mass mortality
is:
A. Epidemic
B. Pandemic
C. Endemic
D. Sporadic
ANSWER: B
A bacterial flagella surrounding the entire cell is:
A. Peritrichous
B. Lophotrichous
C. Amphitrichous
D. Monotrichous
ANSWER: A
type of resistance which is completely effective against some races of a pathogen
but not against the others :
A. Horizontal resistance
B. Vertical resistance
C. Induced resistance
D. Non-host resistance
ANSWER: B
Which one of the following is NOT true about the production of phytoalexins?
A. Phytoalexins are toxic antimicrobial substances synthesized in response to
pathogen attack.
B. Phytoalexins absent in healthy cells or present in very minute quantity.
C. Phytoalexins are produced in plants only after stimulation by plant pathogens.
D. Phytoalexins are produced during compatible reaction.
ANSWER: D
Which one of the following typical characteristics of class insect?
A. Body divided into three segments: head, thorax and abdomen.
B. Possess three pairs of legs, hence the name Hexapoda
C. Respiration by means of internal air tubes known as trachea
D. All of the above
ANSWER: D
he reasons for the dominance of insects over other animals is:
A. Small size
B. Distribution
C. Flight
D. All are correct answer
ANSWER: D
Which one of the following is NOT beneficial effects of insects?
A. Pollination
B. Nutrient recycling
C. Scientific research
D. Destruction or spoilage of food
ANSWER: D
The insect head which remains in the same axis to body and mouth parts are
projected forward is:
A. Prognathous
B. Hypognathous
C. Opisthognathous
D. Hemipteroid
ANSWER: A
One of the following insects has siphoning type of the mouth parts?
A. House fly
B. Butterflies
C. Honey Bee
D. Mosquito
ANSWER: B
Which type of leg is allows insects for jumping?
A. Fossorial
B. Cursorial
C. Saltatorial
D. Natatorial
ANSWER: C
The modified hind wings in flies (used for balance) are called:
A. Halteres
B. Elytra
C. Hemelytra
D. Tegmina
ANSWER: A
Which one of the following is the major organ of excretion?
A. Malpighian tubules
B. Rectum
C. Integument
D. Tracheal system
ANSWER: A
Which one of the following is NOT harmful effects of weeds?
A. Weeds used as alternate hosts to crop pests and diseases
B. Weeds menace to human health
C. Weeds serves as hosts for beneficial insects
D. Weeds menace to forest and pasture lands
ANSWER: C
Which one of the following is an exotic weed?
A. Acalypha indica
B. Sorghum halepense
C. Argemone Mexicana
D. Cynodon dactylon
ANSWER: C
Which one of the following weed is known for its prolific seed production?
A. Cynodon dactylon
B. Chenopodium album
C. Cyperus rotundus
D. Amaranthus spp
ANSWER: D
The decreasing order of weed competing ability in winter grains is:
A. barley > rye > wheat > oat
B. rye > wheat > oat>barely
C. wheat > oat>rye>barely
D. oat>wheat>rye>barely
ANSWER: A
Root exudates of Canada thistle (Cirsium sp.) injured oat plants in the field. This
is an allelopathic effect of:
A. weed on crop plants
B. crop on weed
C. weed on another weed
D. crop on another crop
ANSWER: A
The period at which the maximum crop-weed competition occurs is:
A. Critical period
B. Dormancy
C. Flaming
D. Threshold
ANSWER: A
In the case of combined application of herbicides, the application rate can be
reduced in which of the following interactions?
A. Enhancement
B. Antagonistic
C. Additive
D. Synergistic
ANSWER: D
Which herbicide classification does 2-4-D fall into?
A. Foilage, translocative, selective
B. Soil, short residual, non-selective
C. Foliage, contact, non-selective
D. Soil, long residual, selective
ANSWER: A
What is the most salt-tolerant cereal crop out of the following?
A. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L)
B. Barley (Hordeum vulgare)
C. Teff (Eragrostis teff )
D. None of them
ANSWER: B
Drought tolerance of sorghum may be attributed to ________
A. The aerial portion of the seedling grows slowly
B. There are many lateral and adventitious roots
C. Silica deposits in the root endodermis
D. Sorghum leaves and stems have a white, waxy bloom
E. All
ANSWER: E
_________ is cropping system refers to planting of succeeding crop before the
harvest of preceding crop.
A. Relay cropping
B. Mixed cropping
C. Mono cropping
D. Strip cropping
ANSWER: A
Which crop combination is the most effective method in dryland areas
A. Maize with bean
B. Wheat with field pea
C. Sorghum with Mung bean
D. Maize with Barley
ANSWER: C
Which one of the following is a factor that considered the site selection for crop
production?
A. Soil type
B. Topography
C. Labor supply
D. Biotic factors
E. All
ANSWER: E
Which one of the following crop is a cross-pollinated crop?
A. Wheat
B. Rice
C. Corn
D. All
ANSWER: C
_______ is a drought adaptation mechanism that plants set seed before moisture
deficit happened
A. Drought tolerance
B. Drought avoidance
C. Drought escaping
D. Saving mechanism
ANSWER: A
______ is growing of only one crop on a piece of land year after year
A. Double cropping
B. Multiple cropping
C. Mono cropping
D. Shifting cultivation
ANSWER: C
Which one of the following is true about the effect of temperature
A. As temperature decrease, photosynthesis will be increase
B. As temperature increase, respiration will be decrease
C. As temperature increases, transpiration rate will be increase
D. All
ANSWER: D
Which one of the following is C3 crop?
A. Sorghum
B. Ground nut
C. Maize
D. Sugar cane
ANSWER: B
________ is the available forms of nitrogen for plants use.
A. Nitrate (NO3-)
B. Ammonium (NH4+)
C. Nitrogen (N2)
D. A and B
ANSWER: D
Photorespiration is aggravated by?
A. High light intensity,
B. High temperature,
C. Low CO2 concentration, and/or
D. High O2 concentration
E. All
ANSWER: E
Photosynthesis is mainly affected by the followings:
A. Temperature
B. CO2 concentration
C. Leaf age
D. kind of plant and leaf orientation
E. All
ANSWER: E
________ is element found in the central part of chlorophyll that responsible to
capture light energy and initiate photosynthesis.
A. Nitrogen
B. Phosphorus
C. Zinc
D. Magnesium
ANSWER: D
Which hormone is responsible for breaking dormancy?
A. Auxins
B. Gibberellins
C. Cytokinins
D. Abscisic acid
ANSWER: B
_______ refers to the metabolic point of the plant at which the rate of
photosynthesis and respiration is exactly balanced.
A. Saturation point
B. Compensation point
C. Duration of light
D. Light intensity
ANSWER: B
Any difference among experimental units receiving the same treatment is considered
as
A. Experimental unit
B. Experimental error
C. Experimental treatment
D. Randomization
ANSWER: B
Which one of the following is correct about the Randomized Completely Block design
(RCBD)?
A. It is only appropriate for experiments with homogeneous experimental units.
B. It is suggested that environmental effects are relatively difficult to control.
C. It is suitable for fields that have one predictable gradient.
D. C and D
ANSWER: A
If you plan to conduct 23 factorial experiments with three replications using RCBD,
how many experimental plots will you need?
A. 24
B. 8
C. 23
D. 6
ANSWER: A
Which experimental design is suitable for an area which has only two gradient
perpendiculars to each other?
A. Randomized Complete block design (RCBD)
B. Completely Randomized Design (CRD)
C. Latin Square Design (LSD)
D. Split Plot Design (SPD)
ANSWER: C
The primary purpose of blocking is _____________________
A. To reduce an experimental error by eliminating sources of variation
B. Grouping the experimental units into blocks
C. Variability within each block is minimized and variability among blocks is
maximized.
D. Blocking is most effective when the experimental area has a predictable pattern
of variability.
E. All
ANSWER: E
The levels of every factor are combined with the levels of every other factor in
the same, experiment, is called
A. Single factor experiment
B. Factorial experiment
C. Simple effect
D. None
ANSWER: B
If the simple effect of a factor is the same for all levels of the other factors
and equals the main effect
A. Interaction is present
B. Interaction is absent
C. main effect is different from the simple effects
D. None
ANSWER: B
Which one of the following is correct about coefficient of variation (CV) in
agricultural experiments?
A. As coefficient of variation (CV) is high, there is high experimental error
B. As coefficient of variation (CV) is low, there is high experimental error
C. Coefficient of variation (CV) and experimental error haven’t relationship
D. None
ANSWER: A