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Lab 3

The document outlines an assessment guide for a laboratory assignment on the characteristics of DC machines, detailing the criteria for evaluation across various sections including introduction, measurements, discussion, and conclusions. It provides specific objectives for analyzing DC machine characteristics, performing theoretical calculations, simulations, and efficiency assessments, along with instructions for speed control using variable field resistance and armature voltage. Additionally, it includes parameters for the DC machine based on student numbers to ensure individualized calculations.

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hashlab40
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3 views

Lab 3

The document outlines an assessment guide for a laboratory assignment on the characteristics of DC machines, detailing the criteria for evaluation across various sections including introduction, measurements, discussion, and conclusions. It provides specific objectives for analyzing DC machine characteristics, performing theoretical calculations, simulations, and efficiency assessments, along with instructions for speed control using variable field resistance and armature voltage. Additionally, it includes parameters for the DC machine based on student numbers to ensure individualized calculations.

Uploaded by

hashlab40
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assessment Guide for the Assignment

3 2:2 – in addition 2:1 – in addition 1 – in addition

Introduction, Title page, Test circuit Test points clearly Test equipment and
aims and author, brief diagrams, correctly displayed and relating software clearly
objectives, description of labelled. to measurement identified. Accuracy
methodology, aims. tables/graphs. Some of measuring
references references to external instruments noted.
(10%) information used.

Measurements, Theoretical Description Calculations performed Graphs and output


calculations, calculations comparing on circuit diagrams clearly labelled (axes,
and results Performed measured results to correctly labelled and units, points on
(40%) correctly. calculations. with arrows showing V circuit diagrams),
Evidence of and I polarity and graphs correctly
circuit All results power calculations as sized.
simulation to displayed clearly appropriate. All calculations
include circuit and correctly shown with correct
diagrams and labelled. units and short
some form of description showing
correct output. good methodology.

Discussion and Calculations Calculations Clear understanding of Calculation and other


analysis (40%) that show an performed to 3sf or the relationship errors discussed,
understanding better and reasons between calculation, including effect of
of relevant for discrepancies Excel and Multisim including meters and
natural laws. mentioned. shown. Reasons for accuracy of
discrepancies measurements.
investigated. Discussion of wider
applications and
implications of
techniques and science
demonstrated.

Conclusions A brief, bland Overall conclusion Conclusion that shows Conclusion shows in
(10%) conclusion, consisting of brief clear knowledge and depth knowledge
stating the statement application of with clearly
obvious. (Theoretical Kirchhoff’s laws. established
calculations show connection between
agreement with theory and other
measurements, or results and the laws
similar). of nature.
Laboratory 3
Characteristics of DC Machines
Objectives

• Analyse the characteristics of a dc machine.


• Applying speed control to a dc machine.

Characteristics of DC Machines
1 Theoretical calculations

The characteristics of the d.c. machine you will be investigating are given on the last page of
this part. Use 200V DC supply for both armature and field windings. Follow the instructions
carefully as you must use the parameters given.

Refer to the lecture notes covering this topic. Use these to predict the shaft speed in
revolutions per minute (rpm) over a range of mechanical loads. The range depends on the
characteristics of your machine but should include torque values from zero to the torque that
will reduce the speed of your machine to 85% - 90% of its no-load speed. Calculate sufficient
values (at least 10) to enable you to produce a suitable torque/speed graph. Present the results
in table form and construct a graph as Shaft Speed (y-axis) verses Load Torque (x-axis).

Comment on your results.

2 Simulation

Start MATLAB then Simulink. Draw a test circuit for the DC machine similar to that shown
below. Refer to earlier laboratory exercises for guidance on the use of MATLAB/Simulink and
the SimPower (Power Systems) Blockset.
Figure 6

The parameters of the DC machine are given on the last page of this document.
Investigate the Simulink DC Machine model by clicking 'Help' from its parameters window.
Note the four outputs at 'm'. This matches the four outputs of the demultiplexer block.
Determine the speed/torque characteristics of the machine by simulation. The range of torque
applied should be similar to the range of load torques you used in the theoretical calculations.
Simulate for a time that enables the shaft speed to reach a stable value. Draw the simulated
Speed/Torque characteristics on the same graph as the calculated Speed/Torque
characteristics and compare them. Comment on the results.
3 Efficiency
For each of the simulated points on the torque/speed graph of section 2, determine the
mechanical output power, the electrical input power to the armature and the efficiency of the
machine. Draw a graph of efficiency against mechanical load. Comment on your results.

4 Armature speed control using variable field resistance


Use the DC Machine Test Circuit of Figure 9. Select a fixed load that causes a rotational speed
of around 5% less than the unloaded speed. Insert a resistor in series with the field winding
and simulate several times with a range of different resistor values. Plot a graph of speed
against resistance value.
Repeat the above with a fixed load of twice the value. Comment on your results.

5 Armature speed control using variable armature voltage


Use the DC Machine Test Circuit of Figure 9. Select a fixed load that causes a rotational speed
of around 5% less than the unloaded speed. Vary the armature voltage from 0 to 250V and
plot a graph of speed against armature voltage.
Repeat the above with a fixed load of twice the value. Comment on your results.

DC Machine Parameters:
The value of the components to be used in the exercise is derived from your student number.
Take the least significant four digits of your student number. Call this N. For example, if a student
number is 103338092, then N is 8092. If your value is 999 or less, then add 1000 to it. For example, if
a student number is 103330285, then N is 1285.
Round your values to 3 significant figures.
Your circuit and DC machine has the following parameters:

𝑁
Armature resistance, Ra: 𝑅𝑎 = (0.2 + 12000) Ω
𝑁
Armature inductance, La: 𝐿𝑎 = (5 + 2000) 𝑚𝐻
𝑁
Field winding resistance, Rf: 𝑅𝑓 = (40 + 100) Ω
𝑁
Field winding inductance, Lf: 𝐿𝑓 = (5 + 1000) 𝐻
𝑁
Mutual Inductance, Laf: 𝐿𝑎𝑓 = (500 + ) 𝑚𝐻
20
Rotor inertia, J=0.22kg.𝑚2 , coefficient of viscous friction, B=0.008 Nms and frictional torque,
Tf=5Nm.

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