Solution

REVISION

Class 10 - Mathematics
2 2
m −n
1. (a) 2 2
m +n

Explanation:
m
Given: tanθ = n
m sin θ−n cos θ
Dividing all the terms of m sin θ+n cos θ
by cos θ,
m tan θ−n
= m tan θ+n
m
m× −n

=
n

m
m× +n
n
2 2
m −n
= 2 2
m +n

2. (a) 1
Explanation:
Given: (sec2θ - 1)(cosec2θ - 1)
= tan2θ (cot2θ)
[∵ sec2θ - 1 = tan2θ and cosec2θ - 1 = cot2θ]
= tan2θ ×
1

2
=1
tan θ

–
3. (a) √2
Explanation:
−−−−−−−
We have, 1 + cot2θ = (√3 + 2√2 − 1)
– 2

−−−−− −−−−−
cosec2θ =
– 2
⇒ (√2 + 1 + 2√2 − 1)
−−−−−−−− 2

= (√2 + 1 - 1)2 = (√2)2

– – –
= (√(√2 + 1) 2
− 1)

–
⇒ cosecθ = √2
⇒ sinθ = , cosθ = , tanθ = 1
1 1

√2 √2

√2 –
Now, 1

tan θ
+
sin θ

1+cos θ
= 1

1
+ 1
= √2
1+
√2

4.
1−cos θ
(c) sin θ

Explanation:
sin θ sin θ(1−cos θ)
We have, 1+cos θ
=
(1+cos θ)(1−cos θ)

sin θ(1−cos θ) sin θ(1−cos θ)

= =
2 2
1− cos θ sin θ
1−cos θ
=
sin θ

5.
(c) -1
Explanation:
Given: cot2θ -
1

2
sin θ
2
cos θ
= 2
−
1

2
sin θ sin θ
2
cos θ−1
= 2
sin θ
2
− sin θ
= 2
= -1
sin θ

[∵ 1 - cos2θ = sin2θ]

6.
(b) -5

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 Explanation:
5 5
−
2 2
cot θ cos θ

2 2
= 5 tan θ − 5 sec θ

2 2
5 (tan θ − sec θ)

= 5(-1)
= -5

7.
(d) 0
Explanation:
Given: sinα = 1

√2

⇒ sinα = sin45o
⇒ α = 45o
And tanβ = 1
⇒ tanβ = tan45o
⇒ β = 45o
∴ cos(α + β ) = cos(45o + 45o) = cos90o = 0

8.
(d) 90o
Explanation:
sin2θ + sinθ + cos2θ = 2
1 + sinθ = 2
sinθ = 1
sinθ = sin 90o
θ = 90o

9.
(d) 1
Explanation:
sinx + sin2x = 1 (Given)
⇒ sinx = 1 - sin2x ⇒ sinx = cos2x
Now, cos8x + 2cos6x + cos4x = sin4x + 2sin3x + sin2x
= (sin2x + sinx)2 =1 [∵ (sinx + sin2x) = 1]

2
z
10. (a) 1 + 2
c

Explanation:
Given: x = a sec θ cos φ , y = b sec θ sin φ
and z = c tan θ ,
2 2
x y
∴ +
2 2
a b
2 2 2 2 2 2
a sec θ cos ϕ b sec θ sin ϕ
= 2
+
2
a b

= sec 2
θ (cos ϕ + sin ϕ)
2 2
= sec 2
θ

2 2
x y
⇒ +
2 2
a b

= 1 + tan 2
θ
2

=1+ z

c2

[Given: z = c tan θ ]

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11.
(c) 60

π
cm
Explanation:
Given: Length of arc = 20 cm
θ
⇒
360
∘ × 2π r= 20
∘

⇒
60
∘
× 2π r= 20
360

⇒
πr

3
= 20
π
⇒ r(
3
) = 20

⇒ r(
π

3
) = 20
⇒ r= 60

π
cm

12.
(c) 21.99 m
Explanation:
∘

The area of the sector = x

360
∘
× πr
2

∘
70 22 2
= ∘
× × 6
360 7

21.99 m

13.
(d) 2π

3
cm
Explanation:
Given that, θ = 30o and r = 4 cm
θ
Length of an arc = 360
∘ (2πr)
∘
30
= ∘
× 2π × 4
360
2π×4
=
12
2π
∴ Length of an arc = 3

14.
2

(c) πR θ

360

Explanation:
2
πR θ

360

15.
(d) 77 cm2
Explanation:
For a minute hand, 60 minutes is equivalent to 360o and so 30 minutes will be 180o.
Area swept in 60 minutes is area of full circle.
So area swept in 30 minutes will be area of half circle.
Thus, area swept = 1

2
× (
22

7
) × 7
2
= 77 cm2

16.
(c) 130.95 cm2
Explanation:
Here the angle swept is 150o. We need to find the area of this sector which subtends 150o at the centre.
So, area = πr × 2 θ

360
∘

22 2 150
= × 10 ×
7 360

= 130.95 cm2

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17.
(c) 150o
Explanation:

area of sector = 60 π cm2

Let centre angle = θ

area = 360
θ
× πr
2

∘
60×360
= θ
12×12

= 150o = θ
Central angle = 150o

18. (a) 100°

Explanation:
We have given that area of the sector is 5

18
of the area of the circle.
Therefore, area of the sector = 5

18
× area of the circle
θ 2 5 2
⇒ × πr = × πr
360 18

Now we will simplify the equation as below,

θ 5
⇒ =
360 18
5
∴ θ= × 360
18

∴ θ = 100

Therefore, sector angle is 100 . ∘

19.
(c) 40882.8 m2
Explanation:
∘
x
The area of the sector = 360
∘ × πr
2

∘
123 22 2
= ∘
× × 138
360 7

= 20441.4 m2
Area covered by the man of the walking track in a day = 20441.4 + 20441.4
= 40882.8 m2

20. (a) 58.5 cm2

Explanation:
Perimeter of a sector of circle = 31 cm
Radius = 6.5 cm
Arc length = 31 - (6.5 + 6.5) = 18 cm
= 58.5 cm2
1 1
Now, Area of sector = 2
× Arc length × radius = 2
× 18 × 6.5

21.
(b) 4πr 2

Explanation:
Here, height of cylinder would be equal to diameter of sphere i.e. 2r
So, CSA of the cylinder is 2π rh
= 2π r(2r)
= 4π r2

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22. (a) π cm 3

Explanation:

Radii of cone = r = 1 cm
Radius of hemisphere = r = 1 cm (h) = 1cm
Height of cone (h) = 1 h =1 cm
Volume of solid = Volume of cone + Volume of a hemisphere
= πr h + πr = πr (h + 2r)
1

3
2 2

3
3 1

3
2

= 1

3
× π × (1)
2
(1 + 2 × 1)

= 1

3
× π × 3 = π cm3
23.
(c) 2 : 3
Explanation:
SA of Sphere = 4πr 2

SA of two hemisphere = 2 × 3πr 2

2
= 6πr

SA of sphere 4πr
2
4 2
= = =
SA of Hemisphere 6πr
2 6 3

24.
–
(b) 1 : √3
Explanation:
Surface area of hemispherical part = surface area of conical part
2
⇒ 2πr = πrl ⇒ 2r = l
−− −−−−
2 2 2 2 2
⇒ 2r = √ r + h ⇒ 4r = r + h
2
2 2 r 1
⇒ 3r = h ⇒ =
2 3
h
r 1
⇒ =
h √3
–
∴ Roots = 1 : √3

25. (a) 2π r3
Explanation:
Volume of a sphere = (4/3)π r3
Volume of a cylinder = π r2h
Given, sphere is placed inside a right circular cylinder so as to touch the top, base and lateral surface of the cylinder and the
radius of the sphere is r.
Thus, height of the cylinder = diameter = 2r and base radius = r
Volume of the cylinder = π × r2 × 2r = 2π r3
26.
(d) 6400
Explanation:
Volume of the wall = (800 × 600 × 22.5) cm3,
volume of the wall
Number of bricks =
volume of 1 brick

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 800×600×22.5
=( 25×11.25×6
) = 6400

27. (a) 38.8 cm3

Explanation:
We have,
radius of spherical marble = r = 2.1 cm
Now, volume of spherical marble = πr 4

3
3
=
4

3
×
22

7
×
21

10
×
21

10
×
21

10
= 38.808cm
3

When a marble is dropped into the cylindrical cup full of water, then
volume of water that flows out of the cup = volume of marble = 38.808 cm3
28.
(d) two cones and a cylinder
Explanation:

As the left and right part of a gilli are conical and the central part is cylindrical.
Therefore,
It is a combination of a cylinder and two cones.

29.
(b) 7920
Explanation:
Diameter of tent = 105 m
Height of the cylinderical part (h1) = 4 m
Slant height of conical part (l) = 40 m
and radius (r) = ( 105

2
)m

surface area of the tent = curved surface area of conical part + curved surface area of cylinderical part
= πrl + 2πrh
22 105 2
= πr(l + 2h) = × (40 + 2 × 4)m
7 2

= 165 (40 + 8) = 165 × 48 m2 = 7920 m2

30. (a) 2.1cm

Explanation:
Given: edge of the cube = 4.2 cm
A right circular cone is a Cone whose height is perpendicular to the diameter (radius) of the base circle.
In a cube, a largest right circular Cone is formed when its base lies on one of the faces of the Cube and its tip lies on the
opposite face.

∴ Diameter of largest right circular Cone in Cube = edge length of cube.

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 ∴ Diameter = 4.2 cm
diameter
⇒ Radius = 2
=
4.2

2
= 2.1 cm
∴ Radius of the largest right circular Cone in Cube is 2.1 cm
31.
(d) 82
Explanation:
The number of athletes who completed the race in less than 14.6
2 + 4 + 5 + 71 = 82

32. (a) 10
Explanation:
Arithmetic mean of 7, 8, x, 11, 14 is x
7+8+x+11+14
⇒
5
=x
40+x
⇒
5
= x ⇒ 40 + x = 5x
⇒ 5x - x = 40 ⇒ 4x = 40
⇒ x= = 10
40

33.
(d) 20
Explanation:
Mean of 2, 7, 6 and x = 5
2+7+6+x
⇒ = 5
4

⇒ 15 + x = 20
⇒ x=5
Also, Mean of 18, 1, 6, x and y = 10
18+1+6+x+y
⇒ = 10
5
18+1+6+5+y
⇒ = 10
5

⇒ 30 + y = 50
⇒ y = 20

34.
(b) 7
Explanation:
Mean of 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 4 is m
1+3+4+5+7+4
∴
6
=m
⇒
24

6
=m⇒m=4
Mean of 3, 2, 2, 4, 3, 3, p is m - 1
3+2+2+4+3+3+p
⇒
7
=m-1
17+p 17+p
⇒ = 4 − 1 ⇒ = 3
7 7

⇒ 17 + p = 21 ⇒ p = 21 - 17 = 4
Median of 3, 2, 2, 4, 3, 3, p is q
3, 2, 2, 4, 3, 3, 4 is q
Arranging in order, we get
4, 4, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2
Here n = 7
7+1
∴ Median = 2
th term = 4th term = 3
i.e, q = 3
∴ p + q = 4 + 3 = 7

35.
(b) class mark

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 Explanation:
In each class interval of grouped data, there are two limits or boundaries (upper limit and lower limit) while the mid-value is
Upper class limit+ Lower class limit
equal to 2
. These mid-values are also known as Classmark.

36. (a) 47.58, 48.22

Explanation:

Marks (in %) cf Frequency (fi)

0-10 7 7

10-20 39 32

20-30 95 56

30-40 201 106

40-50 381 180

50-60 545 164

60-70 631 86

70-80 675 44
Here, n = 675 ⇒ n

2
= 337.5
So, median class is 40 - 50.
n
−cf

∴ Median = l + ( 2

f
) × h

337.5−201
= 40 + ( 180
)× 10 = 40 + ( 136.5

18
)

= 40 + 7.58 = 47.58
Now, maximum frequency is 180.
So, modal class is 40 - 50.
f1 − f0
∴ Mode = l + ( 2f1 − f0 − f2
)× 10
= 40 + 74

90
× 10 = 40 + 8.22 = 48.22

37.
(d) 27
Explanation:
xi −25
Given that, ui = 10
,Σ fiui = 20, Σ fi = 100
Here assumed mean = 25 and class interval (h) = 10
Σfi ui 20
∴ x̄ =A+ Σfi
× h = 25 + 100
× 10
= 25 + 2 = 27

38.
n+1
(c) x̄ +¯
¯
2

Explanation:
Let terms be x1, x2, x3, ..., xn
∴ Mean (x̄) ¯
¯

x1 + x2 + x3 +...+ xn
= n

⇒ x1 + x2 + x3 + ... + xn = n.x̄
New observations, are x1 + 1, x2 + 2, x3 + 3, ..., xn + n.
x1 +1+ x2 +2+ x3 +3+...+ xn +n
∴ New Mean = n
n(n+1)
¯¯+
n. x̄

= n
2

n+1
= x̄ +
¯
¯
2

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 ∑ f xi
39. (a) i

∑ fi

Explanation:
xi ∑ f × xi
The mean of discrete frequency distribution f
; i = 1, 2, 3, .... n, will be i

i ∑ fi

40. (a) 2.5

Explanation:
Arranging the given data in ascending order, we get
0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6
Here, n = 10, which is even.
th th
∴ Median = 1

2
[(
n

2
) term + ( n

2
+ 1) term]
= 1

2
[5th term + 6th term]
1 5
⇒ Median = 2
[2 + 3] = 2

= 2.5
41.
(b) 1

Explanation:
The probability of drawing a diamond-faced card from a pack of 52 playing cards is easy to determine. Since there are 13
diamond-faced cards in the deck, the probability becomes 13/52 = 1/4

42.
13
(c) 25

Explanation:
Total number of balls = 25
Number of Green and White balls = 4 + 8 = 12
Number of balls neither green nor white = 25 - 12 = 13
Number of possible outcomes = 13
Number of total outcomes = 25
13
∴ Required Probability = 25

43.
(c) 480
Explanation:
Given, the total number of sold tickets = 6000
Let she bought x tickets.
Then, the probability of her winning the first prize is given as,
= 0.08 [given]
x
⇒
6000

⇒ x = 0.08 × 6000

∴ x= 480
Hence, she bought 480 tickets.

44.
(b) 2

Explanation:
Total numbers of digits for 1 to 9(n) = 9
Number divisible by 3(m) = 3, 6, 9
Odd numbers out of 3, 6, 9 = 3, 9
∴ Probability =
m 2
=
n 9

45.
(d) 1

Explanation:

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 If a die is rolled once then the sample space is {1,2,3,4,5,6}.
Among which 3,5 are odd primes.
So the probability of getting an odd primes when a die is rolled is 2

6
= 1

3
.

13
46. (a) 15

Explanation:
Total number of balls in the bag = 8 + 2 + 5 = 15.
Number of non-black balls = 8 + 5 = 13.
∴ P (getting a non-black ball) =
13

15

47.
(b) -3
Explanation:
We know that
¯
P (E) + P (E ) = 1

here q = 1
q2 - 4 = 1 - 4 = -3

48. (a) 1

Explanation:
Number of numbers between 2 and 6 on a dice = {3, 4, 5}, = 3
Number of possible outcomes = 3
Number of Total outcomes = 6
∴ Required Probability =
3 1
=
6 2

49.
(d) 1
Explanation:
1

50. (a) 1

Explanation:
Favourable case = 1 (HH)
Total case = 4
P(getting two heads) = 1

51.
(c) 3

49

Explanation:
K , Q , J of clubs i.e 3 cards are removed , therefore remaining cards = 52 - 3 = 49
3 kings are left in the pack
Number of possible outcomes = 3
Number of total outcomes = 52 - 3 = 49
∴ Required Probability =
3

49

6
52. (a) 13

Explanation:
Vowels present in the given word are A, A, I, A, I, O = 6
Number of possible outcomes = {A, A, I, A, I, O} = 6
Number of total outcomes = 13
Required Probability = 6

13

53.
(c) 4

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 Explanation:
We know that
P(E) + P(not E) = 1
therefore,
P(E) = 1 - P(not E)
=1-( ) 1

= 4

54. (a) 1

13

Explanation:
Total number of cards = 52.
Number of 6 s = 4.
4 1
∴ P (getting a 6) = 52
=
13

55.
(d) 1

Explanation:
If a die is rolled once then the sample space is {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}.
Among which 3, 5 are odd primes.
So the probability of getting an odd primes when a die is rolled is 2

6
= 1

3
.

56.
(d) 50o
Explanation:
∠ ABC = 90o [Angle in semicircle]
In △ABC, we have
∘
∠AC B + ∠C AB + ∠ABC = 180

∘ ∘ ∘
⇒ 50 + ∠C AB + 90 = 180

∘
⇒ ∠C AB = 40

Now, ∠C AT = 90
∘
⇒ ∠C AB + ∠BAT = 90
∘

∘ ∘ ∘
⇒ 40 + ∠BAT = 90 ⇒ ∠BAT = 50

57.
(c) 2
Explanation:
Here, AB = 5cm, BC = 12 and ∠B = 90 ∘

Let the radius of circle be x cm

−−−−− −−−−−
2 2
∴ AC = √(12) + (5)
−−−−−−−
= √144 + 25
−−−
= √169 = 13cm

∵ AC = AR + RC
∴ AC = (5 - x) + 12 - x

⇒ 13 = 5 - x + 12 - x
⇒ 2x = 17 - 13 = 4

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 4
⇒ x = = 2cm
2

Hence, radius of the circle = 2cm.

58.
(b) 2 : 1
Explanation:
∠BP A = 90
∘
(Angle in semicircle)
In △BPA, ∠ ABP + ∠ BPA + ∠ PAB = 180o

∘ ∘ ∘
⇒ 30 + 90 + ∠P AB = 180

∘
⇒ ∠P AB = 60

Also, ∠P OA = 2∠P BA
∘ ∘
⇒ ∠P OA = 2 × 30 = 60

⇒ OP = AP ...(i)
(side opposite to equal angles)
In △OP T , ∠OP T = 90 ∘

∠P OT = 60
∘
and ∠ PTO = 30o [angle sum property of a △]
Also ∠AP T + ∠AT P = ∠P AO [exterior angle property]
∘ ∘ ∘
∴ ∠AP T + 30 = 60 ⇒ ∠AP T = 30

∴ AP = AT ...(ii) (side opposite to equal angles)

From (i) and (ii), AT = OP = radius of the circle; and AB = 2r
⇒ AB = 2AT ⇒ = 2 ⇒ AB : AT = 2 : 1
AB

AT

59.
(b) (a) - (iii), (b) - (ii), (c) - (i)
Explanation:
(a) - (iii), (b) - (ii), (c) - (i)

60.
(d) 7 cm
Explanation:

Here ∠ OPQ = 90° [Tangent makes right angle with the radius at the point of contact]
in right angled triangle OPQ
∴ OQ2 = OP2 + PQ2 ⇒ (25)2 = OP2 + (24)2
⇒ OP2 = 625 - 576
⇒ OP = 7 cm Therefore, the radius of the circle is 7 cm

61.
(d) 10 cm
Explanation:

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 We know that if two chords intersect each other at T outside the circle, then TP × TQ = TS × TR Let SR = x cm
⇒ (5 + 3) × 3 = (x + 2) × 2

⇒ x + 2 = 12

⇒x = 10 cm x = 10 cm
∴ SR = 10 cm

62.
(b) 45o
Explanation:
Let us first put the given data in the form of a diagram.

We know that the radius of a circle will always be perpendicular to the tangent at the point of contact. Therefore, OP is
perpendicular to QP. Therefore,
o
∠OQP = 90

The side opposite to perpendicular is OQ.OQ will be the longest side of the triangle. So, in the isosceles right triangle ΔOPQ,
OP = PQ
And the angles opposite to these two sides will also be equal. Therefore,
∠OQP = ∠P OQ

We know that sum of all angles of a triangle will always be equal to 180°. Therefore,
∘
∠OQP + ∠P OQ + ∠OP Q = 180

∘
∠OQP + ∠P OQ + ∠OP Q = 180
∘ ∘
90 + 2∠OQP = 180

∘
2∠OQP = 90

∘
∠OQP = 45

63.
(b) 5 cm
Explanation:
Let us first put the given data in the form of a diagram.

Given data is as follows:

OP = 3 cm
AP = 4 cm
We have to find the length of OA.
We know that the radius of a circle will always be perpendicular to the tangent at the point of contact. Therefore, OP is
perpendicular to AP. We can now use Pythagoras theorem to find the length of OA.

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 OA2 = OP2 + AP2
OA2 = 42 + 32
OA2 = 16 + 9
OA2 = 25
OA = 5
Therefore, the distance of the point A from the center of the circle is 5 cm.

64.
(c) 50o
Explanation:
Given: PA and PB are two tangents a circle and ∠APB = 80o
Since OA ⊥ PA and OB ⊥ PB, Then ∠OAP = 90∘ and ∠OBP = 90∘
In, △OAP and △OBP
OA = OB (radius)
OP = OP (Common)
PA = PB (lengths of tangents drawn from external points)
∴ △OAP ≅ △OBP (SSS congruence)

So, ∠OPA = ∠OPB (CPCT)

So, ∠OPA = ∠APB 1

= 1

2
× 80o = 40o
In △OPA,
∠ POA + ∠OPA + ∠OAP = 180o
∠ POA + 40o + 90o = 180o
∠ POA + 130o = 180o
∠ POA = 180o - 130o = 50o
Hence, the value of ∠POA is 50o.

65.
(d) 40 cm
Explanation:
Since tangent at a point on a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the point.

∴ ∠OTP = 90o
Now, In right-angled triangle OTP
OP2 = OT2 + TP2
(41)2 = 92 + TP2
TP2 = 1681 - 81
= 1600
−−−−
TP = √1600
= 40 cm

66.
(b) 36 m
Explanation:

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 Let Height of the kite AB = 18 m, length of the string = AC and angle of elevation = θ = 30 ∘

∘
AB
∴ sin 30 =
AC
1 18
⇒ =
2
AC
⇒ AC = 36 m

67.
(c) remains unchanged
Explanation:

Let height of the tower be h meters and distance of the point of observation from its foot be x meters and angle of elevation be
θ ∴tan θ = ………(i)h

x
10 10
Now, new height = h + 10% of h = h + 100
h = 11h

10
And new distance = x + 10% of x = x + 100
x = 11x

10
∴
11h

h
……….(ii)
10
tan θ = =
11x x

10

From eq. (i) and (ii), it is clear that the angle of elevation is same i.e., angle of elevation remains unchanged.

68.
(c) 30o
Explanation:

AB
∴ tan θ =
BC

7√3
⇒ tan θ =
21
1
⇒ tan θ =
√3

∘
⇒ tan θ = tan 30

∘
⇒ θ = 30

∴ Sun's elevation is 30o.

69. (a) 20 m
Explanation:

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 –
Let AB be the length of the string and AC = 10√3 m
And ∠ ABC = 60 ∘

In triangle ABC,

∘ AC
sin 60 =
AB
√3 10√3
⇒ =
2 AB
10√3×2
⇒ AB = = 20 m
√3

Therefore, the length of the string is 20 m.

70.
(b) 17.32 m, 27.32 m
Explanation:
Let x be the distance of hill from the ship and h + 10 be the total height of hill.

In △ACB, tan 45o = AC

BC
= h

x
⇒ 1= h

x
=x
In △BCD,
tan 30o =
CD 10 10 –

BC
= x
⇒
1
= x
⇒ x = 10√3 m
√3

∴ Height of hill = h + 10
–
= 10√3 + 10 = 10 × 1.732 + 10 = 27.32 m
–
Distance of ship from hill = x = 10√3 m = 17.32 m

71.
(d) Inclinometer
Explanation:
An inclinometer or clinometer is an instrument used for measuring angles of slope, elevation, or depression of an object with
respect to gravity's direction.

72.
(c) 720 km/hr
Explanation:

Let A be the initial position and C be the final position of the aeroplane. And ∠APB = 60∘
,∠ CPD = 30 and AB = CD =
∘

–
1500√3 m

16 / 18
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 Let PB = a meters and BD = b meters Then PD = PB + BD = (a + b) m
In right angled triangle APB, we have
∘
AB
tan 60 =
PB
– 1500√3
⇒ √3 =
a

CD
⇒a = 1500 m Again in right angled triangle CPD, we have P tan 30
∘
=
PD
1 1500√3
⇒ =
√3 (a+b)

⇒a + b = 4500

⇒1500 + b = 4500

⇒b = 3000 m
∴ Distance covered by the aeroplane in 15 seconds = AC = BD = 3000 m
3000
Now, Speed of aeroplane = = 200 m/s = 720 km/hr
15

The speed of the plane is 720 km/hr.

73.
(d) 15

2
m
Explanation:
Let AB be the ladder and BC be the wall
Then, ∠ ABC = 60° ⇒ ∠ CAB = (90° - 60°) = 30∘
Let BC = h m. then,
BC

AB
= = sin 30∘ ⇒
h

15
=
1

⇒ h= 15

74.
(b) 1.6 m
Explanation:

Given: Height of the boy = AB = x meters

And the length of the shadow of the boy = BC = 1.6 m
And angled of elevation θ = 45 ∘

∘
AB x
∴ tan 45 = ⇒1 =
BC 1.6

⇒ x = 1.6 m

75.
−
−
(d) √ab
Explanation:

17 / 18
***********
Let h be the height of tower AB

Given that: angle of elevation are ∠ C = 60o and ∠ D = 30o.

Distance BC = b and BD = a
Here, we have to find the height of tower.
So we use trigonometric ratios.
In a triangle ABC,
AB
⇒ tan C =
BC

∘ AB
⇒ tan 60 =
BC

∘ h
⇒ tan 60 =
b

Again in a triangle ABD,

AB
⇒ tan D =
BD

∘ h
⇒ tan 30 =
a

∘ ∘ h
⇒ tan(90 − 60 ) =
a

∘ h
⇒ cot 60 =
a
1 h
⇒ ∘
=
tan 60 a

⇒
b

h
=
h

a
put tan 60o = h

⇒ h2 = ab
−
−
⇒ h = √ab

18 / 18
***********