†mU I dvskb 1

gƒj eBGqi AwZwiÚ Ask

cÉ^g AaÅvq: ˆmU I dvskb
2x + 2
cix¶vq Kgb †c‡Z AviI cÖkœ I mgvavb cÉk²2 :    ‰es g :    dvskb `yBwU (x) = x  1


‰es g(x) = x  2 «¼viv msævwqZ| [b. cÉ. iv. ˆev.]

cÉk²1 PëMÉvg gnvbMGii ‰KwU we`ÅvjGqi `kg ˆkÉwYi 100 Rb

wkÞv^ÆxG`i Dci cwiPvwjZ ‰K RwiGc Rvbv hvq 40 Rb Š`wbK K. ˆWvg  ‰es ˆWvg g wbYÆq KGiv| 2
cÉ^g AvGjv, 32 Rb ˆWBjx Õ¡vi, 28 Rb Š`wbK AvRv`x, 10 Rb L. ˆ`LvI ˆh,  ‰K-‰K ‰es A´Ÿz dvskb| 4
Š`wbK cÉ^g AvGjv I ˆWBwj Õ¡vi, 8 Rb ˆWBwj Õ¡vi I Š`wbK M. x ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki ˆhLvGb 51(x) = g1(3) 4
AvRv`x, 5 Rb cÉ^g AvGjv I Š`wbK AvRv`x ‰es 3 Rb wZbwU 2 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
cwòKvB cGo| [b. cÉ. P. ˆev.] 2x + 2
K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, :   , (x) = x  1

K. Z^Åàwj ˆfbwPGò DcÕ©vcb KGiv| 2
L. KZ Rb wkÞv^Æx cwòKv wZbwUi ‰KwUI cGo bv? 4 ‰es g :   , g(x) = x  2
M. KZ Rb wkÞv^Æx ˆKejgvò `yBwU cwòKv cGo? 4 2x + 2
(x) =   nGe hw` I ˆKej hw` x   ‰es x  1  0
1 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb x1
K awi, U = mKj wkÞv^Æxi ˆmU A^Ævr x  1 nq
P = hviv cÉ^g AvGjv cGo ZvG`i ˆmU
 ˆWvg  = {x   : x  1} (Ans.)
D = hviv ˆWBwj Õ¡vi cGo ZvG`i ˆmU
A = hviv Š`wbK AvRv`x cGo ZvG`i ˆmU
g(x) = x2 nGe hw` I ˆKej hw` x   ‰es x  2  0
U
A^Ævr x  2 nq
P D
PD
 ˆWvg g = {x   : x  2}(Ans.)
PDA L ˆh ˆKvb x1  ˆWvg , x2  ˆWvg  ‰i RbÅ

PA DA
(x1) = (x2) nGe hw` I ˆKej hw`
2x1 + 2 2x2 + 2
A =
x1  1 x2  1
nq
x1 + 1 x2 + 1
n(U) = 100, n(P) = 40, n(D) = 32, n(A) = 28  =
x1  1 x2  1
n(P  D) = 10, n(D  A) = 8, n(P  A) = 5
ev, x1x2 + x2  x1  1 = x1x2 + x1  x2  1
n(P  D A) = 3
L ˆkÉwYi mKj wkÞv^Æxi ˆmU U
 ev, x2  x 1 = x 1  x 2

wZbwU cwòKvi A¯¦Z ‰KwU cGo ‰gb wkÞv^Æxi ˆmU ev, 2x2 = 2x1
= (P  D  A) ev, x1 = x 2
 wZbwU cwòKvi ‰KwU I cGo bv ‰gb wkÞv^Æxi msLÅv  dvskbwU ‰K-‰K|
= n(U)  n(P  D  A)
Avevi, ˆh ˆKvb msLÅv y   nGj
= n(U)  [n(P) + n(D) + n(A)  n(P  D)  n(D  A) 
2x + 2
n(A P) + n(P  D  A)] awi, y = x  1
= 100  [40 + 32 + 28  10  8  5 + 3]
= 100  80 = 20 ev, yx  y = 2x + 2
 20 Rb wkÞv^Æx cwòKv wZbwUi ‰KwUI cGo bv| ev, yx  2x = y + 2
M wZbwU cwòKvB cGo ‰gb wkÞv^Æxi ˆmU = (P  D  A)
 y+2
÷ay cÉ^g AvGjv I ˆWBwj Õ¡vi cGo ‰gb wkÞv^Æxi msLÅv ev, x = y  2
= n(P  D)  n(P  D  A) = (10  3) = 7 y+2 2y + 4 + 2y  4 4y
÷ay ˆWBwj Õ¡vi I AvRv`x cGo ‰gb wkÞv^Æxi msLÅv 2. +2
y + 2 y 2 y 2 y 2
‰Lb,  y  2 = y + 2 = = = y = (x)
= n(D  A)  n(P  D  A) = 8  3 = 5   1
y+2y+2 4
÷ay AvRv`x I Š`wbK cÉ^g AvGjv cGo ‰gb wkÞv^Æxi msLÅv y 2 y 2 y 2
= n(A  P)  n(P  D  A) = 5  3 = 2   dvskbwU A´Ÿz|
 ˆKej gvò `yBwU cwòKv cGo ‰gb wkÞv^Æxi msLÅv A^Ævr  dvskbwU ‰K-‰K ‰es A´Ÿz (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
= 7 + 5 + 2 Rb = 14 Rb|
2 cv‡Äix gva¨wgK m„Rbkxj D”PZi MwYZ

M awi, y = (x) = x  1

2x + 2 cÉk²5
 A U
B
3x x+1 x – 1
ev, yx  y = 2x + 2 5
4 3
ev, yx  2x = y + 2
x+3 C
y+2
ev, x = y  2
y+2 DcGivÚ ˆfbwPGò A, B, C ˆmGUi Dcv`vbàGjv ‰gbfvGe ˆ`Iqv
 1(y) = [y = f (x) nGj x = 1(y)]
y 2 AvGQ ˆhb, U = A  B  C.
x +2
 1(x) = K. hw` n(U) = 75 nq ZGe x ‰i gvb wbYÆq KGiv| 2
x2
L. n(A  B) ‰i gvb wbYÆq KGiv| 4
Avevi, awi,
M. n(A  B  C) = KZ? 4
y = g(x) = x2
Dîi: K. 10; L. 12; M. 70
ev, y2 = x  2
ev, x = y2 + 2 cÉk²6 ˆKvGbv ˆkÉwYi 30 Rb wkÞv^xÆi gGaÅ 19 Rb wbGqGQ

ev, g1(y) = y2 + 2 [y = g(x) nGj x = g1(y)] A^ÆbxwZ, 17 Rb wbGqGQ fƒGMvj, 11 Rb wbGqGQ ˆcŒibxwZ, 12 Rb
 g1(x) = x2 + 2 wbGqGQ A^ÆbxwZ I f„GMvj, 7 Rb wbGqGQ A^ÆbxwZ I ˆcŒibxwZ, 5
‰es g1(3) = 32 + 2 = 11 Rb wbGqGQ fƒGMvj I ˆcŒibxwZ ‰es 2 Rb wbGqGQ meàGjv welq|
ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, K. mv¯¦ ˆmGUi msævbymvGi Z^ÅàGjv eYÆbv KGiv| 2
51(x) = g1(3) L. KZRb wkÞv^Æx H wZbwU welGqi ˆKvGbvwUB ˆbqwb? 4
x +2
ev, 5.
x2
= 11 M. KZRb wkÞv^xÆ H wZbwU welGqi ˆKej ‰KwU welq wbGqGQ? 4
ev, 5x + 10 = 11x  22 Dîi: L. 5 Rb ; M. 5 Rb
ev, 5x  11x = 22  10 cÉk²7 f (x) =
 x
‰KwU dvskb|
2x  1
ev, 6x = 32
K. f ‰i Domain ‰es Range KZ? 2
32
ev, x=
6 L. f (x) wbYÆq Ki ‰es f
1 1
(1) ˆei KGiv| 4
16 M. f 1
[2, 0] wbYÆq KGiv| 4
 x= (Ans.)
3 1 1
Dîi: K.   2 ,   2 L. x 2
; 1 M. 0  
    2x  1  5
1
DËi ms‡KZmn m„Rbkxj cÖkœ cÉk²8 F(x) = x  4


 1
cÉk²3  : { 2,  1, 0, 1, 2}  {  8,  1, 0, 1, 8} dvskbwU K. F(4) ‰es F3 wbYÆq KGiv|
 2
(x) = x3 «¼viv msævwqZ|  wkLbdj-2, 3 I 4 L. ˆWvg F wbYÆq Ki ‰es dvskbwU ‰K-‰K wKbv Zv wbaÆviY KGiv| 4

K. ˆWvg   ˆié  wbYÆq KGiv| 2 1

M. Fx  4 = 0 nGj x wbYÆq Ki ‰es F(x) ‰i wecixZ dvskb
L. ˆ`LvI ˆh, dvskbwU ‰K-‰K ‰es AbUz| 4
 
wbYÆq KGiv| 4
M. –1(216) wbYÆq KGiv| 4
1 3 1
Dîi: K. { 1, 0, 1}, M. 6 Dîi: K.  8 ‰es  11 ; L.   {4}; ‰K-‰K M. 4 ‰es x + 4
cÉk²4 A = {x : x   ‰es x3 – 5x2 + 6x = 0}, B = {4, 5}

cÉk²9 F(x) = 4x  1

‰es C = {5, 6}
1
K. A ˆK ZvwjKv c«¬wZGZ cÉKvk KGiv| 2 K. F(x + 1) ‰es F2 ‰i gvb wbYÆq KGiv| 2
L. cÉgvY Ki ˆh, P(B  C) = P(B)  P(C) 4 L. F(x) dvskbwU ‰K-‰K wKbv Zv wbYÆq Ki, hLb x, y  . 4
M. ˆ`LvI ˆh, A  (B  C) = (A  B)  (A  C) 4 M. F(x) ‰i ˆjLwPò Aâb KGiv| 4
Dîi: K. {0, 2, 3} Dîi: K. 4x + 3, 1; L. ‰K-‰K
†mU I dvskb 3

wb‡R‡K hvPvB Kwi

eüwbeÆvPwb cÉk²
mgq: 25 wgwbU; gvb-25
1. hw` n(A) = 3, n(B) = 4 ‰es n(A  B) =  wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? 17. hw` f (x) = –2 nq, ZvnGj x = ?
nq, ZGe (A  B) = KZ K i L ii K –2  L –1
K 6 L 7 M iii I iii
N i, ii M 1 N 2
M 9 N 12 10. ˆKvb ˆmGUi DcGmGUi ˆmUGK Kx ejv nq? 18. f (a4 – 3) ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki ˆhLvGb a  .
2. ˆKvbwU e¥Ÿb wbqg? K cÉK‡Z ˆmU L mvweÆK ˆmU K a L a2
K AB=BC M a3 N a4
M kwÚ ˆmU N duvKv ˆmU
 L (A  B)  C = A  (B  C) 19. ˆKvbwU ‰K-‰K dvskb bq?
wbGPi ZG^Åi AvGjvGK (11−12) bs cÉGk²i Dîi
M A  (B  C) = (A  B)  (A  C) K f (x) = 2x + 3 L f (x) = |x|
N (A  B) = A B  `vI: M f (x) = log(x + 1) N f (x) = e– x
3. A = {1, 2, 3, 4, ....., n} ‰es B = {1, 3, 5, ˆ`Iqv AvGQ ˆh, U = {x : x  N, x < 7} 20. ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, A = {–2, –1, 0, 1, 2} ‰es
7, ...., 2n – 1} nGj@ A = {x : x  , x ˆRvo msLÅv ‰es x < 7} S = {(x, y) : x  A, y  A ‰es y = x2}
i. A ‰i DcGmU B B = {x : x  , x weGRvo msLÅv ‰es x < 7} wbGPi ˆKvbwU S ‰i m`mÅ?
ii. A ‰es B Ab¯¦ ˆmU C = {x : x  , 2  x < 6} K (2, 4)  L (–2, 4)
iii. A ‰es B mgZzj ˆmU 11. A  B ‰i ZvwjKv c«¬wZGZ cÉKvk M (–1, 1) N (1, –1)
wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? ˆKvbwU? 21. hw` S = {(1, 4), (2, 1), (3, 0), (4, 1), (5,
K i I ii L i I iii K {} L {0} 4)} nq ZGe
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M {} N U
i. S mÁ·KÆwUi ˆié nGjv, S = {4, 1, 0}
4. hw` S = {x : x  R ‰es x(x  2) = x2  2x} 12. P(C) ‰i Dcv`vb msLÅv KZ?
ii. S ‰i wecixZ mÁ·KÆ nGjv,
nq ZGe ˆKvbwU mwVK? K 32 L 16
S–1 = {(4, 1), (1, 2), (0, 3), (1, 4), (4, 5)}
M 8 N 4
K S= L S= iii. S ‰KwU dvskb
2x + 2
M S= N S= 13. hw` f (x) = x–1
nq, ZGe f – 1(3) ‰i gvb wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
5. ˆKvb Qvò ˆnvGÕ¡Gj 35 Rb QvGòi 25 Rb gvsm
KZ? K i I ii L ii I iii
‰es 20 Rb gvQ ˆLGZ cQ±` KGi| cÉGZÅK
K 4 L 5 M i I iii N i, ii I iii
Qvò `yBwU LvevGii ˆh ˆKvb ‰KwU cQ±` 1 x
KiGj `yBwU LveviB cQ±` KGi KZRb? M
2
N 2 22. f (x) =
|x|
dvskbwUi ˆWvGgb KZ?
K 20 L 15 14. wbGPi ˆKvb gvGbi RbÅ (y) = 1y K {0} L {– 1, 1}
M 10 N 5
AmsævwqZ? M  – {0} N 
6. P = {x : x abvñK cƒYmÆ sLÅv ‰es 5x  K f (3)  L f (0) 23. mvweÆK ˆmU U = {x   : 0 < x  10} ‰i
16} nGj, P ‰i gvb ˆKvbwU? 1 `ywU DcGmU A = {x   : 3 < x  10}
K {0, 1, 2, 3} L {1, 2, 3} M f () 2
N f (2)
‰es B = {x   : 0 < x < 7} nGj@
M {0, 2, 3} N {0, 1, 2} 15. X ‰es Y `yBwU ˆmU ‰es X ˆ^GK Y ‰i i. A  B
7. A = {x : x   ‰es x2  (a + b)x + ab =
‰KwU A®¼q S nGj@ ii. B  A
0} nGj  i. X  Y ‰i ‰KwU AkƒbÅ DcGmU S iii. A  B
i. A = {a, b} wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
ii. X ˆ^GK Y ‰i ‰KwU dvskb S
ii. n(A) = 2
iii. P(A) = {(a), (b), (a, b), } iii. KÌgGRvomgƒGni ‰KwU ˆmU S K i I ii L i I iii

wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii

K i I ii L i I iii K i I ii L ii I iii 24. F(y) = y − 1 dvskGbi ˆWvGgb wbGPi
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii ˆKvbwU?
8. ˆKvGbv ˆmGUi m`mÅ msLÅv 2n nGj ‰i a+x K {y   : y  1}
16. ln ‰KwU jMvwi`gxq dvskb ˆhLvGb,
DcGmGUi msLÅv KZwU? ax L {y   : y  − 1}
n a > 0. dvskbwUi ˆié KZ? M {y   : y  −1}
K 2 L 2n
K (, 0)  L (0, 0) N {y   : y 1}
M 4n N 4n
M (0, ) N (, ) 25. F(y) = | y | + y ‰i ˆWvGgb KZ? ˆhLvGb
9. n(A) = m, n(B) = n ‰es n(A  B) = 0 nGj@
wbGPi ZG^Åi AvGjvGK (17−18) bs cÉGk²i Dîi  4 < y  5.
i. n(AB) = m + n
ii. n(AB) = m  n `vI: K ] 4, 5] L [4, 5[
iii. n(AB) = 0 f (x) = x + 3 nGj M [4, 5] N ]4, 5[
4 cv‡Äix gva¨wgK m„Rbkxj D”PZi MwYZ
m†Rbkxj cÉk²
mgq: 2 N¥Ÿv 35 wgwbU gvb-50
[we. `Ë. ˆhGKvGbv 5wU cÉGk²i Dîi w`GZ nGe| cÉwZ cÉGk²i gvb 10 10  5 = 50]
1.  F(x) = 16  x , A = {x   : x  16}
2 2 K. f (x) = x + 4 dvskbwUi ˆié wbYÆq KGiv|
2
2
K. A ˆmUwUGK ZvwjKv c«¬wZGZ cÉKvk KGiv| 2 L. P(B  C) ‰i Dcv`vbmgƒn wbYÆq KGiv| 4
L. F(x) ‰i ˆWvGgb I ˆié wbYÆq KGiv| 4 M. cÉgvY Ki ˆh, P(A)  P(B)  P(A  B). 4
M. F : A  A dvskbwU ‰K-‰K I AbUz wKbv wbaÆviY KGiv| 4 5.  S = {7n : n = 0 A^ev n  } ‰KwU ˆmU|
2.  F(x) = (x + 5)2 ‰es P, Q, R wZbwU mv¯¦ ˆmU| K. S ˆK ZvwjKv c«¬wZGZ cÉKvk KGiv| 2
K. cÉgvY Ki ˆh, (P\O) = P  Q 2 L. ˆ`LvI ˆh, S ˆmUwU  ‰i mgZzj| 4
L. F dvskbwUi ˆWvGgb wbYÆq Ki ‰es dvskbwU ‰K-‰K wKbv Zv wbYÆq M. ˆ`LvI ˆh, S ‰KwU Ab¯¦ ˆmU | 4
KGiv| 4 6. A = {x : x  R ‰es x − (a + b)x + ab = 0}
2

B = {1, 2} ‰es C = {2, 4, 5}

M. cÉgvY Ki: n(P  Q) = n(P) + n(Q) n(P  Q) 4
3. 
K. B  C wbYÆq KGiv| 2
U
A B
L. ˆ`LvI ˆh, P (B  C) = P(B)  P(C) 4
x
M. cÉgvY Ki ˆh, A  (B  C) = (A  B)  (A  C). 4
2x1 8x + 1

2x 5

2x+ 1 40x+5
7. mvweÆK ˆmU U ‰es A, B `yBwU mmxg hvnv wbGù` bq|
x1
C K. DcwiDÚ Z^ÅGK ˆfbwPGò eYÆbv KGiv| 2
L. ˆ`LvI ˆh, n(A  B) = n(A) + n(B)  n(A  B). 4
M. hw` n(A  B) = 30, n(A) = 20, n(B) = 15 nq ZGe n(A  B)
DcGii wPòwU jÞÅ Ki :
‰i gvb wbYÆq KGiv| 4
K. hw` n(C  A  B) = n(A  C) ZGe x = ? 2
1
L. hw` (x) = n(A  B  C) nq ZGe  (1) = ? 1
4 8.  F(x) = (1 – 3x)2, A = {–2, 1, 0, 1, 2},
1 B = {(x, y): x  A, y  A ‰es x = y2}
M. (x) = cÉ`î dvskbwUi ˆWvGgb wbYÆq KGiv| 4
n(B  A  C) K. F(x) ‰i ˆWvGgb I ˆié wbYÆq KGiv| 2
4.  A = {x : x   ‰es x2  9x + 20 = 0} L. ˆWvg B ‰es ˆié B wbYÆq KGiv| 4
B = {5, 6} M. F 1(x) wbYÆq Ki ‰es F dvskbwU ‰K-‰K wKbv Zv hvPvB
C = {x : x ˆgŒwjK msLÅv ‰es 6  x  12} KGiv| 4

wbGRGK hvPvB Kwi: eüwbeÆvPwb cÉk²

1 L 2 M 3 L 4 L 5 M 6 L 7 N 8 N 9 K 10 M 11 K 12 L 13 L
Dîi

14 N 15 M 16 N 17 M 18 L 19 L 20 M 21 N 22 M 23 L 24 N 25 K

wbGRGK hvPvB Kwi: m†Rbkxj cÉk²

1. K. {−4, −3, −2, −1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4} 5. K. {1, 7, 49, 343, ... ...}

L. {x   : −4  x  4}, [0, 4] 6. K. {(1, 2), (1, 4), (1, 5), (2, 2), (2, 4), (2, 5)}
‰K-‰K bq, AbUz bq| 7. M. n(A  B) = 5
2. L.  8.
1
K. {x   : x  3 }, [0, );
1
3. K. 1; L. 0; M.x   : x >  8 L. {0, 1}, {0, 1, 1};
 
4. K. {y   : y  4}; 1
M. 3 (1  x2)