Lesson

Plan In
TLE-8 (Household
I. Objective Services 8)
s
A. Content Standard
The Level demonstrate on understanding about Philippine OHS
Standards.
B. Performance Standard
1. The learners shall be able to determined the effects of hazards.
2. OHS issues and concerns are identified in accordance with
workplace requirements and relevant workplace OHS
legislation.
3. Identified the different hazards.
C. Learning Competencies
Identify/ Evaluate Hazards and Risks.
1.1.a. Present the different types of hazards.
11.b. identify the different types of hazards.

II. Content
 Philippine Occupationsl Health and Safety Standards
 Coverage Services
 Hazards and Risk and its Effects
 Types of hazards
 Effects of hazards in workplace
III. Learning Resources
Reference:K-12 TLE Learning Module Household Services
exploratory course Grade 7 & 8.
Instructional Resources: Loptop, Projector for Powerpoint
Presentation.
IV. Procedur
e Pre-
Activity
Motivation: Physical Exercise
Review: Define Occupational Safety and Health Service

Activity:
Short Video Clip on different workplace.

Analysis:
1. What is the video all about?
2. Enumerate different workplace presented in the video.
3. What would be possible accident might happen to the workers?
4. In order to avoid accident in the workplace, what should be
employer’s and workers do?

Abstraction:
PHILIPPINE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY STANDARDS
Occupational Safety and Health is a cross-disciplinary area concerned
with protecting the safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work.
The goal of all occupational safety and health programs is to foster a safe
work environment. As a secondary effect, it may also protect co-workers,
family members, employers, customers, suppliers, nearby communities,
and other members of the public who are impacted by the workplace
environment. It may involve interactions among many subject areas,
including medicine, occupational well-being, public health, safety
engineering / industrial engineering, chemistry, health physics and others.
The Occupation Safety and Health Center
in the country is established by Executive order No. 307. The
implementing rules and regulations are issued by the Employees
Compensation Commission (ECC). These
Implementing Rules and Regulations are issued pursuant to the authority
of the Employees Compensation Commission (ECC) under Section 8 of
Executive Order No. 307 establishing the Occupational Safety and Health
Center (OSHC).
The main objectives of the OSC are follows:
1. prevent, eliminate or reduce work-related injuries, illnesses and deaths
2. implement effectively occupational health and safety programs that will
promote the health, efficiency and general well-being of the Filipino workers
through the improvement of the quality of his working life that will enhance
significantly the productivity of industries and business
3. maintain an expert intelligence and training center for industrial
disease and occupational safety
Coverage of Services
The Services of the Occupational Safety and Health Center (OSHC)
covers the preventive (primary, secondary, tertiary prevention) aspects of
occupational safety and health in every workplace, public or private.
The Center undertakes studies and research in all aspect of
occupational safety and health. It focuses and studies:
1. To prevent and reduce occupational and work-related injuries and illnesses;
2. To continuously review and support the updating of the list of
occupational illnesses as prescribed in PD 626, Employees’ Compensation
and State Insurance Fund; and
3. To aid standard setting and enforcement of OSH Standards.

II. HAZARDS AND RISKS AND ITS EFFECTS

A hazard is a situation that poses a level of threat to life, health, property,

or environment. Most hazards are dormant or potential, with only a
theoretical risk of harm. However, once a hazard becomes "active", it can
create an emergency situation. A hazard does not exist when it is not
happening. A hazardous situation that has come to pass is called an
incident. Hazard and vulnerability interact together to create risk.

Hazards are sometimes classified into three modes:

Dormant - The situation has the potential to be hazardous, but no people,
property, or environment is currently affected by this. For instance, a
hillside may be unstable,
with the potential for a landslide, but there is nothing below or on the hillside
that could be affected.
Armed - People, property, or environment are in potential harm's way.
Active - A harmful incident involving the hazard has actually occurred.
Often this is referred to not as an "active hazard" but as an accident,
emergency, incident, or disaster.

TYPES OF
HAZARDS

1. Biological - A biological hazard is one originating from an organism that

is foreign (in presence or concentration) to the organism being affected.
Many biological hazards are associated with food, including certain viruses,
parasites, fungi, bacteria, and plant and seafood toxins. Pathogenic
Campylobacter and Salmonella are common food borne biological hazards.
The hazards from these bacteria can be avoided through risk mitigation
steps such as proper handling, storing, and cooking of food. Disease in
humans can come from biological hazards in the form of infection by
bacteria, viruses, or parasites.
2. Chemical - A chemical can be considered a hazard if by virtue of its
intrinsic properties can cause harm or danger to humans, property, or the
environment. Some chemicals occur naturally in certain geological
formations, such as radon gas or arsenic. Other chemicals include products
with commercial uses, such as agricultural and industrial chemicals, as well
as products developed for home use. Pesticides, which are normally used to
control unwanted insects and plants, may cause a variety of negative effects
on non-target organisms.
3. Mechanical - A mechanical hazard is any hazard involving a machine
or process. Motor vehicles, aircraft, and air bags pose mechanical
hazards. Compressed gases or liquids can also be considered a
mechanical hazard.
4. Physical - A physical hazard is a naturally occurring process that has the
potential to create loss or damage. Physical hazards include, but are not
limited to, earthquakes, floods, and tornadoes. Physical hazards often have
both human and natural elements. Flood problems can be affected by
climate fluctuations and storm frequency, both natural elements, and by
land drainage and building in a flood plain, human elements. Another
physical hazard, X-rays, are naturally occurring from solar radiation, but
have been utilized by humans for medical purposes; however, overexposure
can lead to cancer, skin burns, and tissue damage.
5. Ergonomic - It is a physical factor within the environment that harms the
musculoskeletal system. Ergonomic hazards include uncomfortable
workstation height and poor body positioning. Ergonomic hazards are caused
by poorly designed workplaces or processes. Examples are poor lighting, or a
job that requires you to repeat the same movement over and over. An office
receptionist that has to type an abundant amount of documents may be
affected by ergonomic hazards. If she/he is not seated they will have back
pain, neck pain, bad eye sight and leg cramps.
 Effect of Hazards in Workplace
1. Mechanical Hazards
The severity of the injury depends on mostly how the accident happens like
slips, falls and entanglement. It is the responsibility of the company to make
sure all risks are minimized.

2. Chemical Hazards
Everywhere around us see chemical and mixture of chemicals. Some
chemicals are acidic while some are extremely volatile. The workplace health
risks involved any particular chemical is hard to determine without first
knowing what exactly the chemical is and what environment it is in.

3. Biological Hazards
Viruses, diseases and other forms of sickness and biological hazards are the
hardest to manage when it comes to the workplace. The most common areas
of transmitting disease are in public areas and at work so workplace health is
seriously threatened by biological hazards. One more reason why biological
hazards are hard to manage is their ability to travel from place to place.

Generalization:
Let the students define the meaning of Occupational Safety and Health.
Enumerate the types of hazards. Give examples of every types of hazards.

Application:
Picture gallery:
Classify and describe the following pictures as to the types of hazard-
Biological, Chemical,Mechanical,Physical and Ergonomic.
Evaluation:
MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE

Directions: Tell whether the following sentences are true or false. If false,
supply the correct word.
1. A hazard is a condition that poses a level of threat to life, health,
property, or environment.
2. The situation has the potential to be hazardous, but no people,
property, or environment is currently affected by this is categorized
active hazard.
3. For every company, all job descriptions must have occupational hazards.
4. Accident prone areas should have signs that warn people.
5. Risk is defined as the probability that exposure to a hazard will lead to
a positive consequence.
6. All chemicals are hazardous to man.
7. Ergonomics hazards include earthquakes, floods, and tornadoes.
8. Ergonomics is a physical factor within the environment that
harms the musculoskeletal system.
9. Compressed gases or liquids can also be considered a mechanical hazard.
10. Pesticides are normally used to control unwanted insects and plants
may cause a variety of negative effects on non-target organisms.
11. A hazardous situation that has come to pass is called an accident.
12. Regular medical checkups that will monitor the employees’ health can
also prevent the transfer of diseases between employees.
13. A biological hazard is one originating from an organ that is foreign to
the organism being affected.
14. Motor vehicles, aircraft, and air bags pose mechanical hazards.
15. Removing occupational hazards is only one way of improving worker
protection.

Assignment:
Research the meaning of the following:
1. Clean Air Act
2. Waste management
3. Waste