THE (5) WH’S AND HOW QUESTIONS

A.
Directions: Summarize in five to six sentences the fable “Two Cats and a
Monkey” using the (5) wh’s and how as guide questions.
(Adapted from Panchatantra Tales For Kids in English)

Two Cats and a Monkey

Once upon a time, there lived two cats near a village. They were close friends.
They played, slept and went everywhere together.
Suddenly, one day there was no food for both of them. The two cats went for the search
of food, they found a loaf of bread. They began to fight over it. One cat said, "I found it
first its mine." Another cat said, "No I found it first, give it to me."
A monkey in the tree seeing them fighting said, 'It will be great if I get that bread.
It looks yummy.". He came to the cats and said, "Friends why are you quarreling? I will
settle your fight". Both the cats agreed to his proposal.
The Monkey split the bread into two uneven pieces. One-piece was large and the
other piece was small. Then, he ate a portion from the larger piece. But this made the
other piece larger. So, it took a bite from the other piece. likewise, the monkey ate the
whole loaf of bread. It climbed back the tree laughing at the cats.

B. Directions: Summarize the story. The Ant and the Dove

One hot summer day, a thirsty ant was searching for water. The ant
walked along, until reaching the river. She climbed up on a small rock, to
drink the water. But she slipped and fell into the river. A dove was sitting on
a branch of a tree who saw an ant falling into the river. The dove quickly
plucked a leaf and dropped it into the river near the struggling ant. The ant
moved towards the leaf and climbed up onto it. Soon, the leaf drifted to dry
ground, and the ant jumped out. She looked up to the tree and thanked the
dove.
Later, a bird catcher nearby was about to throw his net over the dove
hoping to trap it. An ant saw him and guessed what he was about to do. The
dove was resting, and he had no idea about the bird catcher. An ant quickly
bit him on the foot. Feeling the pain, the bird catcher dropped his net and let
out a light scream. The dove noticed it and quickly flew away.
 WEEK 3&4 : SUMMARIZING VARIOUS TEXT TYPES

LECTURE
A summary restates only the main points of a text without giving examples or details such as
dates, numbers or statistics. When you summarize, you keep in mind the answers to the (5)
Wh’s and How questions.

Texts are written for a variety of purposes, using different forms and standards of
composition. These forms of writing are known as text type.

There are two main text types, factual and literary. Factual text types include factual
description, recount, or persuasive. Literary text types include poetry, narrative or personal
response.

One of its kind is the narrative text. It is a type of literary text that tells a story. It presents
series of events which can either be fiction or non-fiction. Fiction narrative may include
picture books, cartoons, fantasy, adventure, science fiction, fairy tales, legends, fables or
plays. Non-fiction narratives include autobiography, biography, memoir, diary and others.

The basic elements of narrative include the theme, setting, characters and plot. Theme
refers to the author’s message about life or human nature he or she tries to convey in the
story. The setting answers the when and where the story happens and the characters are
the people, animals or things playing an important role for the events. The plot consists of
the episodes happened from beginning, middle and ending events.

Now that you already know its elements, let us find out how are we going to summarize it if
we come across with a very long text. Here are some ways on how you can summarize a text.

Text A
Mario stood calmly by the door of the principal’s office while waiting
for his teacher. He looked farther to check on his adviser if she would be
coming because she was nowhere. After a few minutes, a spectacle man
was in sight, it was the school principal. Mario told the principal about the
purpose of his visit. He made his statement clear why he brought his cell
phone to school. He told the principal that his classmates shouted at him in
their classroom, telling him that bringing cellphone was not allowed. He felt
weak explaining his reason for doing it. He told the principal that it hurt him
to have violated a school policy but doing this made him feel secure to text
or call up his sick mother at home. He told the principal that he was sorry
for doing it, but it hurt him because his purpose was concern of his sick
mother. The principal patted the apologetic pupil on the shoulder and
spoke kindly to him.

Text B
While waiting for his adviser to come, Mario visited the principal’s
office. His purpose was to explain why he had brought his cell phone in
class. Earlier, his classmates noisily reminded him that bringing cell phone
in school was not allowed. Nevertheless, Mario told the principal that it hurt
him to violate the school policy but he had to do it. Mario said that he felt
secure to text or call his sick mother. The principal just patted the
apologetic pupil and spoke to him kindly.
GROUPINGS: Summarize the following text and write the main idea as a title of the
text. (10pts each)

1. What’s dressed in all black, practices stealth, and is a master of espionage,

sabotage, and assassination? You guessed it: it’s a ninja! Perhaps the only thing
more elusive than a ninja is the source of the word ninja. In Japan ninja are
more often referred to as shinobi. The word shinobi, short for shinobi-no-mono,
means “to steal away.” The word shinobi appears in poems as far back as the
eighth century. So how did this word become ninja? Some believe that during
the Edo period in Japan, the word shinobi-no-mono was transformed to the very
similar word ninja. This probably happened because it was a lot quicker and
easier to just say ninja. It is difficult to see how such a transformation could
have occurred when we look at the words using our alphabet, but if you look at
the kanji representing these words, it may make more sense to you. This is how
you write shinobi-no-mono: . And this is how you write ninja: . Now do you see
the similarities?

A. Main idea related title for the passage:___________________________________

B. Summarize the passage in your own words: (3-4 sentences only)

2. Ninjas used many different tools and weapons to get the job done. They used
throwing stars, bows, and acid-spurting tubes to name a few. But the favorite
weapon of most ninjas may have been the katana. The katana is a long, curved
sword with a single blade and a long grip to accommodate two hands. This
sword was often carried in a sheath or scabbard on the ninja's back. Though the
sword was primarily used for fighting and killing, the scabbard served other
purposes too. The ninja could remove the sword, angle the scabbard against a
wall, and use it to climb to a higher place. Or, while stealthy negotiating their
way through a dark place (such as an enemy's residence at night), ninjas may
have used the scabbard as a walking stick, feeling or probing their way around
objects so as not to knock into anything and alert the enemy. Perhaps the ninja's
most sinister use of the scabbard was to put a mixture of red pepper, dirt, and
iron shavings at the top of the scabbard. Then, when the ninja drew his sword,
his opponent would be blinded. I wonder what a ninja could have done with a
Swiss Army knife.

A. Main idea related title for the passage:___________________________________

B. Summarize the passage in your own words: (3-4 sentences only)
 3. Invisibility, flight, the power to split into multiple bodies... these superhuman
abilities have long been associated with ninjas. But ninjas didn’t really do all
that stuff. They were just regular people with exceptional abilities. So why do
people think that ninjas had super powers? Well, one reason is that ninjas were
very secretive. They left behind few historical records of their activities. Since
we do not know much about what they actually did, we are left to speculate.
Another reason why people think that ninjas had superhuman abilities is
because of how ninjas are depicted in folklore (particularly during the Edo period
in Japan). In such legends and works of art, ninjas were mythicized and
romanticized. In other words, writers gave ninjas super powers. Romantic
notions of ninjas as superhero are perpetuated in today's media too. Maybe
that’s just because people expect ninjas to have supernatural abilities these
days. Ki-yah!

A. Main idea related title for the passage:___________________________________

B. Summarize the passage in your own words: (3-4 sentences only

4. The image of the ninja wearing all black is a popular one indeed, but there is no
evidence that ninjas ever wore such a costume. In fact, it is much more likely
that ninjas dressed as regular civilians. This would have been far more effective
camouflage in most situations than an all-black suit. The use of disguises
amongst ninja was common and well documented. Ninja often dressed as
monks, entertainers, fortune-tellers, merchants, or farmers. Each of these
disguises carried advantages that dressing in all black did not. Dressed as
monks, ninjas could conceal weapons in their robes. Dressed as entertainers,
they could spy in enemy buildings without arousing suspicion. Dressed as
fortune-tellers, they could extract information from unknowing targets. Dressed
as merchants, they could travel freely across enemy borders. Perhaps the
deadliest disguise was that of the farmer. If a ninja were dressed as a farmer, he
or she would carry simple tools (such as sickles or trowels). Of course, these
would be used as deadly weapons. If authorities caught such a ninja, he could
claim that his deadly apparatus were tools, not weapons. Though they may not
have been wearing all black stealth suits, ninjas were always well-disguised.

A. Main idea related title for the

passage:___________________________________
B. Summarize the passage in your own words: (3-4 sentences only)
NAME: _______________________________________________
DATE:_________________________
WEEK 3&4 -LONG QUIZ ( INDIVIDUAL)

A. Fill in the blanks.

Choices:
Summary text factual text
literary text
Theme setting characters
plot
Fiction Non-Fiction

1.________- are the people, animals or things playing an important role for the events.
2.________- consists of the episodes happened from beginning, middle and ending
events.
3.________- refers to the author’s message about life or human nature he or she tries
to convey in the story.
4.________- answers the when and where the story happens
5.________- restates only the main points of a text without giving examples or details
such as dates, numbers or statistics.
6. ________- are written for a variety of purposes, using different forms and standards
of composition.
7._________- may include picture books, cartoons, fantasy, adventure, science fiction,
fairy tales, legends, fables or plays
8._________- narratives include autobiography, biography, memoir, diary and others.
9._________- types include factual description, recount, or persuasive.
10.________- text types include poetry, narrative or personal response.

B. Identify the following words or title of the story. Write F-Fiction, NF- Non
Fiction
____________1. The Life Jose Rizal ____________6. SpongeBob
____________2. Little Mermaid ____________7. Biography of
Albert Einstein
____________3. The Rabbit and the Turtle ____________8. Water Cycle
____________4. Harry Potter ____________9. Encantadia
____________5. Memoir of Anne Frank ____________10. Mobile Legend

A. Directions: Fill in the blanks by complete the date on the “STORY OUTLINE” and
Summarize in five to six sentences the fable “The Ant and the Dove” . (20 points)
 One hot summer day, a thirsty ant was searching for water. The ant
walked along, until reaching the river. She climbed up on a small rock, to
drink the water. But she slipped and fell into the river. A dove was sitting
on a branch of a tree who saw an ant falling into the river. The dove
quickly plucked a leaf and dropped it into the river near the struggling
ant. The ant moved towards the leaf and climbed up onto it. Soon, the
leaf drifted to dry ground, and the ant jumped out. She looked up to the
tree and thanked the dove.
Later, a bird catcher nearby was about to throw his net over
the dove hoping to trap it. An ant saw him and guessed what he was
about to do. The dove was resting, and he had no idea about the bird
catcher. An ant quickly bit him on the foot. Feeling the pain, the bird
catcher dropped his net and let out a light scream. The dove noticed it
and quickly flew away.

LECTURE:

Another way of summarizing a text is through scanning and skimming. Scanning is a

technique of quick reading that helps you find specific details or relevant information. When
you scan you only find the keywords needed to answer the questions. Here are the tips on
how are you going to do this:
* look for the key information
* look at each paragraph, locate the topic sentence, the first one and
decide what the main point is
* list the key points and include only the main ideas of the text.
Skimming is letting your eyes and mind skim over the text quickly as to note the most
important points. What do you do when you skim?
* Let your eyes travel down the page lightly but rapidly.
* Find the key words that tell to who, what, when, where, why and how.
* Keep in mind that the first sentence in a paragraph or the first paragraph of an article
usually contains the important details that give the general idea. As you scan and skim you
may underline, circle or put any mark on the words or phrase which are to be remembered.
You may write the summary in a complete sentence or two.

LECTURE
A summary restates only the main points of a text without giving examples or details such as
dates, numbers or statistics. When you summarize, you keep in mind the answers to the (5)
Wh’s and How questions.

Texts are written for a variety of purposes, using different forms and standards of
composition. These forms of writing are known as text type.

There are two main text types, factual and literary. Factual text types include factual
description, recount, or persuasive. Literary text types include poetry, narrative or personal
response.
One of its kind is the narrative text. It is a type of literary text that tells a story. It presents
series of events which can either be fiction or non-fiction. Fiction narrative may include
picture books, cartoons, fantasy, adventure, science fiction, fairy tales, legends, fables or
plays. Non-fiction narratives include autobiography, biography, memoir, diary and others.

The basic elements of narrative include the theme, setting, characters and plot. Theme
refers to the author’s message about life or human nature he or she tries to convey in the
story. The setting answers the when and where the story happens and the characters are
the people, animals or things playing an important role for the events. The plot consists of
the episodes happened from beginning, middle and ending events.