PRACTICE

1) Two runners are separated by 20 km in a straight line. They set off to meet
each other at the same instant with speeds of 5 m/s and 6 m/s. What distance
separates them after ½ h in km?

m km
V B=6 =21.6
s h

d=20 m

(
d A =V A ×t A d A = 18
km
h )
( 0.5 h ) d A =9 km

(
d B=V A × t B d B= 21.6
km
h )
( 0.5 h ) d B=10.8 km

d A + d B + x=d

x=d −d A −d B x=20 km−9 km−10.8 kmx=0.2 km

3) A person leaves home at the same time every day and arrives at work at 9
am One day he travels twice as fast as usual and arrives at work at 8 a.m. What
time do you always leave home?

d=V × t 1 V ×t=2 V ( t−1 )

d=2V ×t 2 t=2 t−2

2 t−t=2

t=2

5) A worker leaves his house every day at 6:30 am and heads from the city to
the factory which is 30 km away. Ten minutes later, a cyclist leaves the factory
heading towards the city at 18 km/h, meeting the worker after he had walked 6
km. What time does the meeting take place, and what is the speed of the
worker?

km 1h
V Ciclista=18 10 min × =0.166 h
h 60 min
 d Obrero =6 km

d Ciclista=30 km−6 km=24 km

d d 24 km
V = t Ciclista= t= t=1.33 h
t V km
18
h

d Obrero =t × v

t Obrero =t Ciclista +10 min

t Obrero =1.33 h+0.166 h

t Obrero =1.49 h+1.5

6 :30 a . m+1.5 h=8 a .m .

d Obrero 6 km km
V Obrero = V = =4
t Obrero Obreo 1.5 h h

7) A train traveling at a speed of 72 km/h brakes with a constant deceleration

and stops in 10 seconds. How long did its trajectory last and at what speed did
it reach the end?

t=10 seg

d=¿

km 1h 1000 m m
V 0=72 × × =20
h 3600 seg 1 km seg

V f =0

V f =V 0 −a ×t
 m
20
V seg m
a= 0 = a=2
t 10 seg seg
2

2
V f =V o −2(a) ( d )
2

2
V 0=2(a) ( d )

2
m
2 (20
)
V 0 seg
d= =
2(a) ( 2 ) (2 m/seg ¿¿ 2) d=100 m¿

9) A mobile phone with MRUV It passes through “A” with a “V”, and after 4 s it
passes through “B” with a speed of “3V”, and 1 s later it travels 52 m. Find “V”.

TO

V f =V 0 + a (t )

3 v =v +a ( 4 )

3V −V 2V V
a= a= a=
4 4 2

B–C

1 2
d=V 0 ( t ) + a ( t )
2

52=3 V ( 1 ) + ( )
1 V
2 2
( 1 )2

V
52=3 V +
4

12V + V
52=
4

52 ×4
V=
13

m
V =16
s
11) A mobile starts from rest and travels a distance in two stages during 16
seconds and has acquired a speed of 60 m/s. The first part lasts 6 s and is
accelerated motion; the second part is uniform motion. Calculate: a) The
acceleration of the first part. b) The distance traveled during the 16 seconds.

V 0=0

m
d=6 s V f =60 → M .U .R.U .
s

m
d=10 s V f =60 →M .U .R.
s

m
60
a) V s m
V f =V 0 + a (t ) a= f a= a=10 2
t 60 s
b) d=?
2 2
V f =V 0+ 2a ( d 1)

( )
2
m
2 60
Vf s
d 1= d 1=
2a m
( 2 ) (10 ¿ ¿ 2)d 1=180 m¿
s

d 2=V × t d 2= 50( ms ) d =600 m

2

d t =d 1 +d 2 d t=1800 m+600 m d t=780 m

13) A mobile starts from A towards B, distant “L” in a straight line, starts from
rest with a = cte.; at the same instant; another mobile starts from B towards A
with a V = cte. What will be the value of V so that both mobiles cross at half the
distance between A and B?

A−B

V 0=0
 a=cte

B− A

V =cte

L L
d Bo=V × t =V × tt=
2 2V

1 2
d B 0=V 0 ( t )+ a(t)
2

L 1 2
= a ( t ) L=a ¿
2 2

√ a (L)
V= √
❑
a× L 1
4 V 2=a ( L ) V =❑ V = ❑√ a × L
4 2 2

15) A car starting from rest travels a distance “X in time “t/2” with an
acceleration of “2a” if it travels the same distance in a time “3t”. What is its
acceleration?

v o=0

d=x

t
t=
2

a = 2a

a = ? if t = 3t

1 t 2
x = ( 2a ) ( ¿ ¿
2 2

2
t
x= a- - - - - - - ( 1)
2

As it travels the same distance in a time “3t”

1
x= a (3 t ¿ ¿2 - - - - ( 2 )
2 1
Equating (1) and (2) we have

2
1
a1 (3 t ¿ ¿ 2 = at
2 4

2 2
a 1 ( 9 t ¿ ¿ 2 = 2 at = at
4 4

2
2 at
9 t a 1=
4

2
at
a1 = 2
2∗9 t

1
a1 = =a
18

17) At the instant shown in the figure, a block of mass “M” is released. Calculate
the time elapsed when the collision between both blocks occurs. Assume that g
= 8/ s2 and that the surfaces are smooth.

m¿ M

you¿?

g¿ 8 m/ s2

1 1
sin 3 0 = tan 30 = v=❑√2 as
0 0
L s

1 1
L= 0
s= 0
=❑√ 3 v=❑√ 2(gsin ⁡θ)s
sin 3 0 tan 30

2
L=2 m L2 =12+( ❑√ 3) v=❑ 2
√ 2 )∗2= √16 → v =√4 m/s
( 8∗1 ❑ ❑

2
L =1+3=4
 2m 4m
t= = =1 s → t=1 s
(0+ 4 m/s) 4 m/ s
2

x B=¿ v B t=2 t ¿

x A=¿ v A=¿4 t¿ ¿

x A=¿ v B=¿ 8→2 t+ 4 t=8 ¿ ¿

6 t=8

8 4
t= =8=
6 3

4
t= s
3

PRACTICE

1) Graphically represent the movement of a vehicle traveling at V=20 km/h,

with MRU

Determine the displacement and space traveled by a moving object between t =

0 s and t = 7 s, if its graph is known (speed vs time)

For the time of t 1=4 s .

m
x 1=10 ∗4 s
s

x 1=40 m

v 1=10/s

For the following t 2=3 s

Triangle BB” C is similar to triangle DCE

 BB ' ED v 1−0 v−0
= → =
B ' C EC 2 s−0 2 s−3 s

−1
Where from v= v
2 1

−1
v= ( 10/s )
2

v=−5 m/s (the negative sign indicates that its speed decreases)

Total speed

15
v T =v 1+ v=10+ 5→ v T =
s

The space traveled:

10 m 5m
∗2 s ∗1 s
s s
x 2= +
2 2

5
x 2=10 m+ m
2

x 2=12 ,5 m

x T= X 1 + X 2

X T =40 M +12 , 5 m

X T =52 , 5 m

5) A mobile phone has t=2 s a speed of 6 m/ s. It is asked to find the speed in

t=2 s , knowing its graph (acceleration vs time) is the one shown.

v
a= v=v i+ at
t

6 m/s 2 2 m
a= v =6 m/s + 3 m/ s ∗2 sv=−6 2 ∗2 s
2s s
 2
a=3 m/s v=12 m/sv =−12m/ s

PRACTICE

1) A projectile moving vertically reaches a maximum height of 17.5 m above its

initial position: a) What was the speed of the projectile? b) What will be its
maximum height above the starting point at t=2.45s?

h max=17.5 m

to)V 0=?

b)h=? t=2.45 s

2 2
V F=V 0−2 ( g )( h )

m
a ¿ V ¿0 =❑√2 ( g ) ( h ) V 0=❑√2 × 9.81× 17.5V 0=❑√343.35 V 0 =18.529
s

1 2
h=V 0 ( t )− ( g )( t )
2

b)h=( 18.529 ) ( 2.45 )− ( 12 )( 9.81)( 2.45 ) h=45.397−29.442 h=15.954 m

2

3) A photographer in a helicopter ascending vertically at a constant speed of

1.75 m/s accidentally drops a camera when the helicopter is 50 m above the
ground: a) How long will it take for the camera to reach the ground? b) What
will its speed be when it hits the ground?

m
V 0=1.75
s

h=50 m

t=?

V f =?
 1 2
h=V 0 ( t ) + g ( t )
2

2
50 1.75 ( t ) 4.9 ( t )
= +
4.9 4.9 4.9

t 2+ 0.357 ( t ) −10.20=0

−0.357 ± ❑√ 0.357 2+ 4 ( 1 ) ( 10.20 )

2

−0.357 ±6.397
t 1=
2

t 1=3.02 s t 2=−3.378 s

V f =V 0 + g ( t )

V f =( 1.75 ) + ( 9.81 )( 3.02 )

m
V f =31.3762
s

5) A ball is thrown vertically upwards from the floor with an initial velocity of 15
m/s. a) How long does it take the ball to reach its maximum height? b)What is
its maximum height? c) Determine the speed and acceleration of the ball at t=2
s

m
V 0=15
s

a) t =?

b)h max=?

c) t = 2 s: V=? ; a=?

For its maximum height V f =0

to)V f =V 0 −g ( t )

m
15
V s
t= 0 t= t=1.53 s
g m
9.81 2
s

2 2
b)V f =V 0−2 g ( hmax )

( )
2
m
2 15
2 V 0 s
V 0=2 g ( h max ) hmax = hmax = hmax =11.5 m
( )
2g m
( 2 ) 9.81 2
s

m
c)V f =V 0 −g ( t ) →V f =15−( 9.81 ) ( 2 ) → V f =15−19.62→ V f =−4.62
s

V f −V 0 −4.62−15 m
V f =V 0 + g ( t ) → g= → g= → g−9.81 2
t 2 s

7) A stone is thrown upward from the edge of a 18 m high cliff. On its way down
it just misses the cliff and hits the ground with a speed of 18.8 m/s. Determine:
a) At what speed was the stone thrown? b) What is its maximum height on the
floor?

2 2
V f =V 0+ 2 g ( hT )

2 2
Vf ( 18.8 ) m
hT = → hT = ¿→ hT =18.014
2g 2 ×9.81 ¿ s

2 2
V f =V 0+ 2 g(h¿¿ T )¿

V 0=V f −2 g (h¿¿ T )→V 0= √ V f −2 g (h¿¿ T )→V 0= √ ( 18.8 ) −( 2 ) ( 9.81 )( 18 ) ¿ ¿

2 2 ❑ 2 ❑ 2

V 0=0.51 m/ s

9) A stone is thrown vertically upwards with an initial velocity of 30 m/s.

Calculate: a) The time it is ascending. b) The maximum height it reaches. c)
The time it takes from when it is thrown upwards until it returns to the starting
point. d) The time, from the moment of being launched, that it takes to acquire a
speed of 25 m/s

V f =0 V f =V 0 −g (t )

V0 30 m/s
t= → t= 2
→ t=3.06 s
g 9.81 m/s

m
V 0=30
s

2 2
V f =V 0−2 g ( hmax )

2
V 0=2 g ( h max )

( )
2
m
30
V 20 s
h max= → hmax = →h max=46 m
( )
2g m
2× 9.81 2
s

t v =2 t s → t v =2 ( 3.06 s ) → t=6.12 s

d)V f =V 0 −g ( t ) →25=30−9.81 ( t ) →25−30=−9.81 ( t ) →−5=−9.81 (t )

5
t= → 0.51 s
9.81

m
25
V s
V f =V 0 + g ( t ) → f =t → t= →t=2.548 s
g m
9.81 2
s

11) From the top of an inclined plane 30 m long, at a height of 10 m, a body is

dropped from rest. Assuming that there is no friction, calculate the speed of the
body at the end of the plane and compare it with the speed with which a body in
free fall from a height of 10 m reaches the ground.
With free fall:

2 2
V f =V 0+ 2 g ( h )

m
V f =❑√ 2 g ( h ) →V f =❑√ 2 ×9.81 ×10 → V f =❑√ 196.2 →V f =14
d

On the inclined plane:

❑
∑
❑
F x =m× a

m × g × sen ∝=m× a

a=g × sen ∝

2 2
V f =V 0+ 2× a ×d

We calculate ∝1 d

tg ∝=
10
30
→∝ ¿ tg−1
10
30 ( )
→ ∝=18.434 °

d= √ 10 +30 → d=31.6227 m
❑ 2 2

V f =❑√ V 20+ 2 g ( d ) →V f =❑√ 2 ( g ) sen ∝× d

14 m
V f =❑√ 2× 9.81× sen 18.434 °× 31.6227 →V f =
s

13) From the roof of a building “h” meters high, a coin is dropped. A man in an
elevator simultaneously departs from the floor and ascends at a constant speed
of 10 m/s, he sees the coin at a height of “h/4” from the base of the building.
Find the value of “h”.

1 2 1 2
h1=V 0+ g ( t ) → h1= g ( t )
2 2

H 1 2
=V A− g ( t )
4 2

H=h1+ h2 → H=h1+
H
4 ( )1
→ H 1− =h1
4
 1
H ( 0.75 )= g ¿
2

15) A body is thrown vertically downwards with a speed of 10 m/s from a height
of 50 m. At the same instant another vehicle, located 30 m from the point where
the first one will fall, starts from rest and accelerates at a rate of 5 m/s s2,
heading towards that point. Calculate the separation between both mobiles
when the first one reaches the floor.

V 2f =V 20+ 2 g ( h ) →V f =❑√ V 20 +2 g ( h ) → V f =❑√ 10 2+ ( 2 ) × ( 9.81 ) × ( 50 )

m
V f =32.878
s

V f +V 0 32.878−10
V f =V 0 + g ( t ) → t= → t= →t=2.332 s
g 9.81

1 2 1
d=V 0 ( t ) + a ( t ) → d= ( 5 ) ¿
2 2

x=30 m−13.597 → x=16.403 m

17) An eagle is at a height H, then launches itself vertically downwards with an

inertial speed of 20 m/s. During the last 400 m it slows down its motion in 6
seconds, touching the ground at a speed of 10 m/s. Calculate:a) The value of
the height Hb) The value of the deceleration (consider g=10 m/ s2 )

v i=20/ s

h=4000 m

t=6 s
 v=10/ s

2
g=10 /s

1 2
H= g t -------- (1)
2

1
h=20 ( t−6 ) + q ¿ ------------ (2)
2

1 2 1
q t −20 ( t−6 )− q ¿
2 2

1 1
( 10 ) t 2−20 (t−6 )− ( 10 ) ¿
2 2

5 t 2 −20 ( t−6 )−5 ( t 2−12 T +36 )=400

Where: t=15 , 11s

1
From (1): H= (10)¿
2

H=1141 ,5 m

PRACTICE

1) A soccer ball resting on the ground is kicked at an angle of 35º and an initial
speed of 20 m/s. a) What is the maximum height reached by the ball? b) What
is its maximum range?

∝=35 º

m
V 0=10
s

2 2 2 2
V 0 sen ∝ (20 ) × ( sen 35 ° )
H max = →H= → H=6.707 m
2g ( 2× 9.81 )

2 2
V 0 × sen 2 ∝ ( 20 ) × sen ( 2 ×35 ° )
d= →d = → d=38.315 m
g 9.81
3) A sniper projectile is fired at an elevation angle of 30º and an initial velocity of
40 m/s onto horizontal ground. Calculate: a) The time it takes to reach the
ground (trajectory duration). b) The range of the projectile. c) The angle it forms
with the ground when it reaches it (angle of fall).

∝=30 °

m
V 0=40
s

t=?

s=?

d=?

2V 0 × sen ∝ ( 2 ) ( 40 )( sen 30 ° )
T total= → T total= →T total=4.07 s
g 9.81

2 2
V 0 × sen 2 ∝ ( 40 ) × sen ( 2× 30 )
d= →d = → d=141 , 3 m
g 9.81

V x =V 0 × cos 30 ° →V x =( 40 ) × ¿

m
V y =V 0 × cos 30 °→ V y = ( 40 ) × ( sen 30 ) →V y =20
s

tg∝=
Vx
Vy
→∝=tg
−1 V x
Vy ( )
→ ∝=tg
−1 20
34.641 (
→ ∝=30 ° )

5) A body is thrown downwards at an angle of 37º with the horizontal, from a

point that is 270 m above the plane with an initial speed of 60 m/s. Calculate its
horizontal advance and the time it takes to fall.

∝=37 °

m
V 0=60
s

h=270 m
R=?

t=?

Horizontal movement:

R
R=V 0 × cos ∝ ( t ) →t= … … … … ( 1)
V 0 ×cos ∝

Vertical movement:

1 2
h=V 0 × sen ∝ ( t )+ g × ( t )
2

( ) ( )
2
R 1 R
−270=V 0 × sen ∝ − g
V 0 ×cos ∝ 2 V 0 × cos ∝

1
−270=tg ∝ ( R )− ׿ ¿
2

( 9.81 ) × R2
−270=tg 37 ° ( R )−
2¿¿

−270 0.754 ( R )
= −0.0021 ¿ ¿
0.0021 0.0021

2
R −358.835−128571.4286=0

R=358.835± √ ( 358.835 ) + 4 ( 1 ) ¿ ¿ ¿
❑ 2

358,835 ± 801.902
R= → R 1=580.468 m→ R2=−221,472 m
2

R 580.368 m
t= → t=
V 0 × cos ∝
60 ( )
m
s
׿¿

7) A student throws a ball horizontally from a bedroom window 15 m above the

ground. Another student standing 10 m from the dormitory catches the ball at a
height of 1.5 m above the ground. What is the initial velocity of the ball?
 10
V 0= … .. ( 1 )
t

1 2
y= g ( t )
2

1 2
15−1.5= g ( t )
2

√ (2(13.5)/ g=t)→ t=√ ((2× 13.5)/9.81)→t=1.659 s

V 0=(10 m)/(1.659 s)→V 0=6.027 m/ s

9) A trench hunter fires a projectile at an elevation angle of 53º above the

horizontal and an initial velocity of 60 m/s. A tank advancing directly towards the
hunter, on horizontal ground, at a speed of 3 m/s. What should be the distance
from the hunter to the tank, to achieve a target, at the moment the first one is
fired?

∝=53 °

m
V 0=60
s

3m
V T=
s

d=?

m
V 0 X =V 0 ×cos 53 ° →V 0 x =60 ×cos 53° =36.108
s

V 0 y =V 0 × sen 53 ° →V 0 y =( 60 ) ¿

2V 0 y 2 ( 47.918 )
t= = → t=9.769 s
g 9.81

x=V 0 x × t → x= (36.108 ) × ( 9.769 ) → x=352.739 m

Touch distance:

d=V T ×t → d=(3 m/s)×(9.769 s )→ d=29.307 m

R=x+ d=352.739+29.307 → R=382.046 m

1) Calculate the work done by a force of 1000 N in joules, kp and ergs, whose
point of application moves 50 m in the same direction as the force.

W=f·d

W = 1000 N · 50m

W = 50000 J

1 kpm
50000 J· =5102 kpm
9,8J

7
1 kp 9 , 8 ·10 erg 11
5012 kpm· =5 · 10 erg
1 kpm

3)In a construction site, a 20 kp bucket of sand is raised at a speed of 4 m/s.

Calculate in HP the power of the motor that moves the installation

P=W·v

P = 20 kp · 4 m/s

P = 80 kpm/s

1 cv
735 watt 1 HP
80 kpm/ s ·
75 ( )
kpm ·
s
1cv
·
746 watt

P = 1,054 HP

5) Every 3 minutes, 900 litres of water must be extracted from a well from a
depth of 150 m. How many HP should a pump motor develop, if 40% of its
power is lost? .

¿ 3
Q = 900< 3 min =0 , 3 m /min ¿

Pe =1000 · 150 = 150*103kpm

PE = 0.3 · 150*103 · 0.4

PE = 18*103kpm/min

kpm 1 HP
·
Predeveloped = 18*103 min kpm 60 s
76 ·
s min

Predeveloped = 17.95 HP

7) What kinetic energy does a body weighing 100 Kp that falls from a height of
40 m have when it hits the ground?

Ec =w·h

Ec = 100 kp · 40 m

9,8J
Ec = 4000 kpm ·
1 kpm

Ec = 39200 J

9) Calculate the energy that will be consumed when braking a 80,000 Kp

railroad car traveling at a rate of 5 m/s.

1
E = m v2
2

1
E = (8000 kp)(5 m/s)2
2

E = 100000 J

11) A body of 5 kp descends, starting from rest, along an inclined plane of 30 m

length that forms an angle of 30º with the horizontal. Knowing that at the end of
the plane the speed of the body is 15 m/s, calculate the work done against
friction.

1 w 2
W CR = w h - · ·v
2 g

1 5 kp
W CR= 5kp · 30sin30º - · ·¿
2 9 , 81 m/s 2

W CR = 75 kpm – 57.34kpm
W CR = 17.8kpm

13) A cylindrical well has a diameter of 1.5 m and a depth of 10 m. If there are 2
m of water at the bottom of the well, calculate the work done by pumping all the
water to the surface.

π 2 π
Volume · D · h = = ¿
4 4

V= 3.5343m

W=w·h

W = ·V·h

kp 3
W = 1000 3
·3,5343 m ·10 m
m

9,8J
W = 35343 kpm ·
1 kpm

W = 346361.4 J

15) A car can climb a road that has a slope of 1 to 50 at a constant speed of 25
km/h. The resisting force is equal to twenty-fifth of the weight of the car. How
fast can this truck move downwards using the same power?

1
f r= w
25

F=mg sin α + μmgcos α

1
μN = w
25

1 w 1
μ= × = =0,04
25 w cos α 25× 1

μ=0 , 04

F=W (sin α+0 , 04 cos α )

F=W ( 501 +0 , 04)
F=0.06 w

m
P=0 ,06 W × 7 =0 , 42
s

If it goes down with the same power we have:

F=μW cos α −W sin α=W (μ cos α −sin α )

W( μ cos α −sin α ) ×V =0.42W

0 , 42 0 , 42 0 , 42
V == V = =
μ cos α −sin α 0 , 04−0 , 02 0 , 02

m 1 km 3600 s
V =21 × ×
s 1000 m 1h

km
v=75
h

PRACTICE

1) Calculate the force that would communicate an acceleration of: a) 2 m ¿ s2 to a

mass of 2 kg. b) 80 m¿ s2 to a mass of 50 g.

F=?

m
to)2 2
m=2 ks
s

m
b)80 2
m=50 g
s

to) F=m× a → F= ( 2 kg ) × 2 ( ms )=4 N

2
 ( )
b) F=m× a → F= ( 50 g ) × 80
m
s
2
=4000 dinas× 5
1N
10 dinas
−2
=4 ×10 N

3) A force F, applied to a body of massm1 produces an acceleration of

3 m/. s2The same force applied to a second body of mass m2 produces an

acceleration of 1 m/ s2. What is the value of the ratiom1 /m2?

m1 1
F=m1 ( 3 ) … … ( 1 ) ( 3 ) m1=(1) m2 =
m2 3

F=m2 ( 1 ) … … ( 2 )

5) Find the constant force that, when applied to a body weighing 30 kp, gives it:
a) An acceleration of 3 m/ s2s b) A speed of 9 m/s/min. c) A speed of 9 m/s 6 s
after starting to move. d) Travel a distance of 30 m within 5 s of starting to
move. e) An increase in its speed from 5 m/s to 15 m/s in 4 s. f) A decrease in
its speed from 20 to 10 m/s in 30 m of travel.

p=30 kp

m
a=3 2
s

F=?

to) F=m× a

P 30 kp m
F= ×a → F= ×3 2 → F=9.2 kp
g m s
9.81 2
s

b)

m
30
s 1min m
a= × → a=0.5 2
min 60 s s
 p
F=m× a → F= × a → F=
( ) → F=1.53 kp
( 30 kp ) × 0.5
m
s
2

( 9.81 ms )
g
2

m
c) V =9
s

t=6 s

m
9
V s m
a= → a= → a=1.5 2
t 6s s

p
F=m× a → F= × a → F=
( ms ) → F =4.6 kp
( 30 kp ) × 1.5 2

( s)
g m
9.81 2

d)d=30 m

t= 5 s

1 2( d ) 2× 30 m m
d=V 0 ( t ) + a ×t 2 → a= 2 →a= → a=2.4 2
2 t ( 5) 2
s

p
F=m× a → F= × a → F=
(
( 30 kp ) × 2 , 4
m
s2 ) → F=7.34 kp
( )
g m
9.81
s2

m
e ¿V 0=20
s

m
V f =15
s

t= 4 s

V f ×V 0 15−5 m
a= →a= →a=2.5 2
t 4 s
 p
F=m× a → F= × a → F=
( ) → F=7.65 kp
( 30 kp ) × 2.5
m
s
2

( 9.81 ms )
g
2

m
f) V 0=20
s

m
V f =10
s

d= 30 m

2 2
V f =V 0−2× a × d

2 2
V 0−V f 2
20 −10
2
m
=a → a= → a=5 2
2 (d ) ( 2 ) × ( 30 ) s

p
F=m× a → F= × a → F=
( ms ) → F =15.3 kp
( 30 kp ) × 5 2

( s)
g m
9.81 2

7) A body weighing 1500 kp hanging from the end of a cable descends at a

speed of 4 m/s. Knowing that the distance it travels up to 3 m, stopping is 30 m,
calculate the tension in the cable assuming the acceleration is constant.

p=1500 kp

m
V 0=4
s

d=3 m

V f =0

t=?

❑
∑
❑
Fx=m ×a

p p
p−t=m× a → p−t= × a → p− ×a=t
g g
 ( ag )→ t=( 1500 kp ) × (1− 2.667
t= p 1−
9.81 )
→ t=1092 kp

2
2 2 2 V0 (4 )2 2
V f =V 0−2× a × d → V 0=2 × a× d →a= → a= → a=2.667 m/ s
2× d ( 2 ) ×(3)

9) Knowing that to ascend a block of 50 kp weight with uniform speed along an

inclined plane that forms an angle of 30º with the horizontal, it is necessary to
apply a force parallel to the plane of 40 kp, calculate the coefficient of kinetic
friction.

p=50 kp

∝=30 °

F=40 kp

u=?

If v=ua =0

❑
∑
❑
F y=0

u−p × cos ∝=0

❑
∑
❑
Fx=m ×a

F−Fr− p × sen ∝=0

F−u × p ×cos ∝−p × sen ∝=0

F− p × sen ∝=u × p ×cos ∝

F− p × sen ∝
u=
p ×cos ∝

40−( 50 ) × ( sen 30 ° )
u=
( 50 ) × ¿ ¿
11) A car weighs 1 Tm. The friction force acting on it when it moves is equal to
0.1 of its weight. Find the traction force developed by the engine when the car
travels at a constant speed: a) On an uphill slope with an inclination of 1 m
every 25 mb) On a downhill slope of the same inclination as the previous one.

1000 kg
m=1 Tm ×
1Tm

Fr=0.1 p

F=?

tg∝=
1m
25 m
∝=tg −1
1
25( )
∝=2.290 °

to)

❑
∑
❑
Fx=m ×a V =u a=0

F−Fr− p × sen ∝=m× a

F=Fr + p × sen ∝

F=0.1 × p+ p × sen ∝

❑
∑
❑
Fy=0N− p × cos ∝=0

F= p ( 0.1+sen ∝ )

(
F=( 1000 kg ) × 9.81
m
s )
2
×(0.1+ sen 2.290 ° )
 F=1373 N

b)

❑
∑
❑
Fy=0

N− p × cos ∝=0

❑
∑
❑
Fx=m ×a

F=F R + p × sen ∝=m ×a

F=F R −p × sen ∝

F=0.1 × p− p × sen ∝

F= p ( 0.1−sen ∝ )

(
F=( 1000 kg ) × 9.81
m
s )
2
× ( 0.1−sen 2.290 ° )

F=589.01 N

13) A body slides down an inclined plane that forms an angle of 45º with the
horizontal. The relationship between the distance d traveled by the body and
the time t is expressed by the equation d= C t 2, where C=1.73 m/ s2. Find the
coefficient of friction between the body and the plane.

∝=45°

2
d=C t

m
d=1.73 2 2
s ×(t )

m
a=1.73 2
s
 u=?

❑
∑
❑
Fy=0

N− p × cos ∝=0

❑
∑
❑
Fx=m ×a

p × sen ∝−F R=m× a

m × g × sen ∝−u ×m × g ×cos ∝=m× a

g × sen ∝−a
u=
g × cos ∝

( 9.81 ) × ( sen 45° ) −1.73

u=
( 9.81 ) × ¿ ¿

5.2067
u=
6.9367

u=0.750

15) A body is on an inclined plane that forms an angle of 4º with the horizontal.
Determine:

a) What limiting value must the coefficient of friction have for the body to begin
to descend along the plane?

b) With what acceleration will the body slide along the plane if the coefficient of
friction is equal to 0.03? c) How long will it take the body to travel 100 m under
these conditions? d) What speed will the body have at the end of these 100 m?

∝=4 °

to)

❑
∑
❑
Fy=0

N− p × cos ∝=0
 N= p × cos ∝

❑
∑
❑
Fx=m ×a

p × sen ∝−u × p ×cos ∝=m× a

m × g × sen ∝−u ×m × g ×cos ∝=m× a

g × sen ∝
u=
g × cos ∝

u=tg ∝u=tg ( 4 ° )

u=0.07

b)

❑
∑
❑
Fy=0

N− p × cos ∝=0

❑
∑
❑
Fx=m ×a

p × sen ∝−u × p ×cos ∝=m× a

m × g × sen ∝−u ×m × g ×cos ∝=m× a

a=g ( sen ∝−u× cos ∝ )

a=( 9.81 ) × [ sen 4 ° −( 0.03 ) cos ( 4 ) ]

m
a=0.39 2
s

c)

1 2
d=V 0 × t+ a × ( t ) →t=❑
2 a √
2 (d )
→ t=❑
2 ×100
0.39 √
→ t=22.7 s

d)
 m
V f =V 0+ 2 ( a )( d ) → V f =❑√ 2 ( a )( d ) →V f =❑√ 2 ×0.39 ×100 → V f =8.85
2 2
s