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Hall Effect Transducer

The Hall Effect Transducer is a device that measures magnetic fields by converting them into an electromotive force (emf), which can be easily measured. It operates on the principle that a voltage develops across a conductor when it is placed in a transverse magnetic field, with the output voltage being proportional to the magnetic field strength. Applications include converting magnetic fields to electric signals, measuring displacement, current, and power without direct physical connections.

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7 views

Hall Effect Transducer

The Hall Effect Transducer is a device that measures magnetic fields by converting them into an electromotive force (emf), which can be easily measured. It operates on the principle that a voltage develops across a conductor when it is placed in a transverse magnetic field, with the output voltage being proportional to the magnetic field strength. Applications include converting magnetic fields to electric signals, measuring displacement, current, and power without direct physical connections.

Uploaded by

27.kutralingam.xi.b
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hall Effect Transducer

Definition: The hall effect element is a type of transducer used for measuring the magnetic
field by converting it into an emf. The direct measurement of the magnetic field is not
possible. Thus the Hall Effect Transducer is used. The transducer converts the magnetic
field into an electric quantity which is easily measured by the analogue and digital meters.

Principle of Hall Effect Transducer

The principle of hall effect transducer is that if the current carrying strip of the conductor is
placed in a transverse magnetic field, then the EMF develops on the edge of the conductor. The
magnitude of the develop voltage depends on the density of flux, and this property of a
conductor is called the Hall effect. The Hall effect element is mainly used for magnetic
measurement and for sensing the current.

The metal and the semiconductor has the property of hall effect which depends on the densities
and the mobility of the electrons.

Consider the hall effect element shown in the figure below. The current supply through the lead
1 and 2 and the output is obtained from the strip 3 and 4. The lead 3 and 4 are at same potential
when no field is applied across the strip.

When the magnetic field is applied to the strip, the output voltage develops across the output
leads 3 and 4. The develops voltage is directly proportional to the strength of the material.

The output voltage is,


where,

The I is the current in ampere and the B is the flux densities in Wb/m2

The current and magnetic field strength both can be measured with the help of the output
voltages. The hall effect EMF is very small in conductors because of which it is difficult to
measure. But semiconductors like germanium produces large EMF which is easily measured
by the moving coil instrument.

Applications of Hall Effect Transducer

The following are the application of the Hall effect Transducers.

1. Magnetic to Electric Transducer – The Hall effect element is used for converting the
magnetic flux into an electric transducer. The magnetic fields are measured by placing the
semiconductor material in the measurand magnetic field. The voltage develops at the end of
the semiconductor strips, and this voltage is directly proportional to the magnetic field density.

The Hall Effect transducer requires small space and also gives the continuous signal concerning
the magnetic field strength. The only disadvantage of the transducer is that it is highly sensitive
to temperature and thus calibration requires in each case.

2. Measurement of Displacement – The Hall effect element measures the displacement of the
structural element. For example – Consider the ferromagnetic structure which has a permanent

magnet.

The hall effect transducer placed between the poles of the permanent magnet. The magnetic
field strength across the hall effect element changes by changing the position of the
ferromagnetic field.
3. Measurement of Current – The hall effect transducer is also used for measuring the current
without any physical connection between the conductor circuit and meter.

The AC or DC is applied across the conductor for developing the magnetic field. The strength
of the magnetic field is directly proportional to the applied current. The magnetic field develops
the emf across the strips. And this EMF depends on the strength of the conductor.

4. Measurement of Power – The hall effect transducer is used for measuring the power of the
conductor. The current is applied across the conductor, which develops the magnetic field. The
intensity of the field depends on the current. The magnetic field induces the voltage across the
strip. The output voltage of the multiplier is proportional to the power of the transducer.

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