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Chemical Kinetics L5

This document discusses nth order reactions in chemical kinetics, detailing the mathematical representation and characteristics of such reactions, including units of rate constant and half-life. It also outlines methods for experimentally determining the order of reaction, such as the hit and trial method, t1/2 method, and initial rate method. Graphical representations and equations are provided to illustrate the concepts clearly.

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5 views6 pages

Chemical Kinetics L5

This document discusses nth order reactions in chemical kinetics, detailing the mathematical representation and characteristics of such reactions, including units of rate constant and half-life. It also outlines methods for experimentally determining the order of reaction, such as the hit and trial method, t1/2 method, and initial rate method. Graphical representations and equations are provided to illustrate the concepts clearly.

Uploaded by

sanjivbahadur74yadav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chemical Kinetics

Lecture 5
nth Order Reaction

𝐩𝐀 ¾® 𝐑𝐱𝐧

−𝐝 𝐀 𝐧
=𝐤 𝐀
𝐝𝐭

𝐝𝐀
−඲ = 𝐤 න 𝐝𝐭
𝐀𝐧

𝐀𝐭
𝐀 −𝐧+𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
− = 𝐤𝐭 − 𝐧−𝟏 = 𝐤𝐭
−𝐧 + 𝟏 𝐀𝟎
(𝐧 − 𝟏) 𝐀 𝐭 𝐧−𝟏 𝐀𝟎
Characteristics of nth order

𝟏−𝐧
1) Unit of 𝐤 𝐦𝐨𝐥
𝐭𝐢𝐦𝐞−𝟏
𝐥𝐢𝐭

2) Completion time

𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐧 ≥ 𝟏 𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐩𝐥𝐞𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 ≃ ∞

𝟏
3) t1/2 𝐀𝟎 𝐭 𝟏 Τ𝟐 ∝ 𝐧−𝟏
𝐀𝐭= 𝐀 𝟎
𝟐

𝟏 𝟐𝐧−𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 (𝟐𝐧−𝟏 − 𝟏) 𝟏
− 𝐧−𝟏 = 𝐤 𝐭 𝟏/𝟐 = 𝐭 𝟏/𝟐
(𝐧 − 𝟏) 𝐀 𝟎 𝐧−𝟏 𝐀𝟎 (𝐧 − 𝟏) 𝐀 𝟎 𝐧−𝟏 𝐤
Graphical Representation

𝐨𝐫𝐝𝐞𝐫 = 𝟓

𝟏 𝟏
𝐧−𝟏 𝐬𝐥𝐨𝐩𝐞 = 𝐧 − 𝟏 𝐤 𝟒 𝐬𝐥𝐨𝐩𝐞
𝐀 𝐭 𝐀 𝐭
𝟏
𝐧−𝟏
𝐀 𝟎

𝐭𝐢𝐦𝐞 𝐭𝐢𝐦𝐞

𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
− 𝐧−𝟏 = 𝐤 𝐭
(𝐧 − 𝟏) 𝐀 𝐭 𝐧−𝟏 𝐀𝟎
Experimental Determination of Order of Reaction

1) Hit & Trial method

𝟏 𝐀𝟎
𝐤= 𝓵𝐧
𝐭 𝐀𝐭

𝐀𝐭= 𝐀 𝟎 − 𝐤𝐭

2) t1/2 method
𝐧−1
𝟏 𝐭 𝟏Τ𝟐 𝟐 𝐀𝟎 𝟏
𝐭 𝟏 Τ𝟐 ∝ =
𝐀
𝐧−𝟏 𝐭 𝟏Τ𝟐 𝐀𝟎 𝟐
𝟎 𝟏
3) Initial Rate method

𝐀 + 𝐁 → 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐭

𝐑𝐚𝐭𝐞 = 𝐤 𝐀 𝐩 𝐁 𝐪

𝐑𝐚𝐭𝐞 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏 = 𝐤 𝟎. 𝟏 𝐩 𝟎. 𝟐 𝐪

𝐀 𝐁 𝐢𝐧𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐞

(𝐦𝐨𝐥/𝐥𝐢𝐭/𝐦𝐢𝐧)
𝟎. 𝟎𝟖 = 𝐤 𝟎. 𝟏 𝐩 𝟎. 𝟒 𝐪
𝟎. 𝟏 𝟎. 𝟐 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏
𝐪
𝟎. 𝟐 𝟎. 𝟐 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐 𝟏 𝟏
=
𝟖 𝟐
𝟎. 𝟏 𝟎. 𝟒 𝟎. 𝟎𝟖
𝐩 = 𝟏, 𝐪 = 𝟑

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