SELF MANAGEMENT SKILLS 1

PART A

Session 1: Introduction to Self-management

Self-Management
It is a way of understanding yourself, your interest, abilities and how to keep a

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positive attitude in difficult situations.
Benefits of Self-Management skills

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• It helps to develop good habits

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• Also helps in overcoming bad habits
• Gives motivation to achieve goals in life

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• Helps in overcoming in difficult situations
How to manage yourself?
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Self-Management Skills includes:
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Self-awareness- Know about yourself

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Self-control- Ability to control your behaviour

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Self-confidence- Be confident you can achieve anything

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Problem-solving- Try to find the solution to problems in your life

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Self-motivation- Keep your self-motivation high

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Personal Hygiene- Keep yourself clean, smart and healthy

Positive Thinking- Think everything will be fine
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Team Work- Support your team members in the work

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Time Management- Complete task on time

Goal Setting- Make a goal. What do you want to achieve?
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Session 2: Strength and Weakness Analysis

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Strength and weakness are two mains things once you learn about it in your life
then life becomes easy. Try to find out what are you good at and what your
weakness is. This session will help you to understand all these concepts.

Knowing Yourself
It means knowing about yourself truly. There are many things hidden by
yourself in front of others and only you can know about yourself. This will help
you to live a happy life. Try to find out who you are, your likes-dislikes and many
other things.
Strength and weakness analysis
Strength: The fields in which you are good.
Weakness: The areas in which you are not good and needs improvement.
How to identify strengths?

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• Check what you can do very well

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• Think of things in which your performance is always good

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• Try to find out in what works you are appreciated

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Identifying weaknesses
• Find out the areas in which you are not good and having difficulties doing that

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task
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• Analyse the feedback you receive from others
• Accept your weakness and try to improve
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Difference between interests and abilities

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Most of the times it is mixed that interest and ability both are same. Interest
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is something different.
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Interest:
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• Things which you like to do in your free times and which makes you feel happy
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• These are the things which you do even no one asked you to do it
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• The things which you want to learn in future

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Ability:
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• It is a natural capacity or acquired capacity that forces a person to do a

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particular thing.
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• We see that sometimes interest and ability match and sometimes not.
• For example- You like to play football but you don't have the skill or the
required strength to play it
Session 3: Self-confidence

Self Confidence
Self-confidence is a sense of trusting in ourselves, trusting in our own ability
and strengths. If a person lacks self-confidence he cannot achieve his goals.
Self-confidence is very necessary to achieve your target. It motivates you to do
things in a good manner. It is a quality of believing in our strength and have
feelings that we can do anything.
Qualities of self-confident people
Self believe: They believe that they can do anything
Hard Work: They are hard-working people
Positive Attitude: They have a positive attitude towards a situation
Commitment: What to achieve in life is clear in them

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How to Build Self Confidence?

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Step 1: First of all appreciate your achievements. What you get in your life

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enjoy it and accept the failure. Don't be demotivated by your failure

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Step 2: Make sure you make a goal and start your preparation for that. Take
necessary steps to achieve the goal

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Step 3: Try to look at the good side. All things have good and bad side try to
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see the good part in it and be happy.
Some factors which decrease self-confidence
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• Negative thinking that I cannot do that thing

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• When you only think about that mistakes made in past and don't learn from
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the mistakes
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• Sometimes we think that success comes in the first attempt and never try
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again
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• Be in a negative environment where people demotivates you and make you feel
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that you cannot do it

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Session 4: Positive Thinking

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Positive thinking and its importance

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A person's attitude is very important to complete any task. A person can have a
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'positive' or 'negative' attitude in various circumstances. A positive attitude

leads to giving good result. Positive thinking people look at good things and tries
to improve them whereas negative thinking people see negative aspects of it and
only worries about it without trying to improve it.
Positive thinking leads to good results like
• It helps to overcome challenges
• Gives you the energy to do well
• It helps to get better results at work
• Creates a happy environment around you
How to keep your thinking positive?
• Start your day in a positive way by prayer to god or by doing something which
makes you happy
• Manage some time to relax yourself
• Try to find good things even if you are in a bad situation
• Take feedback in a positive way

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• Be thankful for good things that you have
Session 5: Personal Hygiene

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Personal Hygiene is the thing that should not be ignored. It is a habit to keep

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yourself clean. It helps to maintain good health. You should keep your body clean

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to avoid health issues.
Why personal Hygiene is Important?
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• It helps you to be healthy
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• Represents a good image of yourself

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• It also avoids the feeling ashamed due to bad body smelling etc.
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Three steps to personal hygiene

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Care: Take care of your body. Cut your nails in every week
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Wash: Wash your hands frequently and take bath daily

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Avoid: Avoid dirty clothes

Session 6: Grooming
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The dressing is the thing which all of us do. Wearing a neat and clean dress
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gives us confidence. The way a person dress and groom gives a message about
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his confidence and smartness.

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Why dressing and grooming are important?

• First of all, you look smart
• Feel confident about yourself
• It makes a good impression of yourself among others
Guidelines for dressing and grooming
Clothes: Your clothes should be neat and clean. Shoes should be polished
Hair: Hair should be washed regularly and keep a simple style
Face: Teeth should be clean. If you have a moustache and beards keep a style
that suits on your face

INFORMATIONS AND COMMUNICATION SKILLS

Session 1: Introduction to ICT

To store Data we use many methods like writing on paper, recording or we can

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type the content in digital format. All these are used to store data. Some data

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are stored in digital format in mobiles, computers or any other digital devices,

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these devices are called ICT (information and communication technology)

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devices. In this section, we will read about the functioning of some devices

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which we use in daily life.

ICT at Workplace

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ICT is a very important part of the workplace. Almost all the sectors of the
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economy use ICT to store information and for the transaction of money.
Nowadays all the information is being digitalised as it is very easy to send to
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many people in a very little time.

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At the workplace, we use different programs to complete our tasks like in

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banking we use ICT for maintaining records of people and for the transaction of
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money. In the same manner, we use computers for editing videos, booking
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tickets, animating, recording, storing data etc.

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ICT at Home
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ICT has also become a part of our home appliances. These days Television is
very common in every house for entertainment and Mobile for calling. Now
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mobile is also used for online classes. Smartphones with internet connections
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are very helpful to stay connected with our friends, family through Facebook,
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Instagram etc.

Here are some examples of ICT uses in different sectors

Agriculture: Activities related to research and development
Beauty and Wellness: Use for Training programmes
Banking and Finance: Storing data and for the secure transaction of money
Health Care: Research and development of health facilities
Session 2: ICT Tools: Smartphones and Tablets - I
Smartphone: Once the mobile phone was only used for talking but nowadays
smartphones came into existence. With smartphones we can purchase things
online, we can play games, watch movies, and make a video call, book a ticket and
many more things. Android, IOS and Windows are some common operating
systems of smartphones.

Tablet: Tablet is also like a smartphone. It has a wider screen. Some activities
like reading and watching movies need a wider screen so we use tablets. It can
do almost all the things that a computer does.

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TV and Radio: TV and Radio are used as ICT tools for a long time. Radio is used
to broadcast only sound. TV is used to broadcast both sound and video. It is the

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easiest way to reach a large number of people at a time.

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Applications or apps: Apps are just like a program on the computer. Different
apps have different functions. Some apps are already present on phones or

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tablets. There are many apps present in an online stores like Google play store
and Apple App Store. We can purchase or download it free of cost.
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Session 3: ICT Tools: Smartphones and Tablets — II
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Mobile device layout

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Power Button: used to start and shut down

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Screen: on which we perform functions

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Back Button: used to back screen

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Microphone: Used while talking

Menu Button: Used to show options
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Home Button: It brings back the home screen

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Earpiece: used to listen to the voice on calls

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Volume Button: Used to increase or decrease sound

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Basic features of a mobile device

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Bluetooth: Short-range wireless connectivity

Rechargeable Battery: To power up device
Wi-Fi: To connect local area network or internet
Cellular Network: Provides network to Call, send messages and connect with
internet
GPS: to provide location services
Home Screen of a Mobile Device

Top: It’s a status bar that displays icons of the network, wife, battery level
etc.
Middle: the main part of the screen on which we do all tasks.
Bottom: It has a back, recent and home button
Basic Gesture use
Tap: to select
Tap and hold: It acts like right-click on the mouse which shows options

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Pinch: to Zoom in or out

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Double-tap: to Zoom

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Session 4: Parts of a Computer and Peripherals

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Input Device: Device through which we input data in a computer. Like- Mouse,
Keyboard

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Keyboard
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Types of keys on Keyboard
1. Function keys: Keys from F1 to F12 which performs special functions
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2. Control Keys: Ctrl, Alt, Tab, Shift are control keys

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3. Enter Key: to enter the data

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4. Navigation Key: The four arrow keys (Up, Down, Left, Right) are navigation
keys
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5. Command Keys: Delete and backspace are command keys.

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6. Windows Keys: It opens the start menu

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Pointing Devices:
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Mouse: It allows to control the pointer of the mouse on the screen and select
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icons.
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Joystick: It is commonly used for video games

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Light pen: used to make graphic designs

Graphic Tablet: It allows you to write on the screen.
Touchscreen: To send touch signals to a computer
Trackball: It is just like a mouse but used for special purpose
Scanner: It scans the document and converts it into digital form
MICR: Magnetic Ink Character Reader used to read Cheques in Banks.
OCR: Optical Character Reader to convert books and prints to electronic form
OMR: Optical Mark Reader used to detect marks on paper of MCQ type exams
Barcode Reader: It is used to read barcodes on different things like books,
food packets etc.
Microphone (Mic): To Input audio
Web Camera: to input Video
Biometric Sensor: To input Fingerprints
Smart Card Reader: It reads Credit and Debit Cards

Output Devices

Output Devices are used to get the output of the task done on the computer.

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First of All, we input some data and then it goes into processing after all we get
the final result.

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We get output from these devices: Monitor, Printer, Plotter, Speaker,

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Headphone, Projector, and Speech Synthesizer

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Central Processing Unit (CPU)

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It is the part of the computer which carries out all the tasks. It mainly
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processes the input data and gives the output data.
ALU: Arithmetic and Logic Unit carries out all logical and arithmetic tasks like
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addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, <,>, = etc.

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Control Unit (CU): It mainly coordinates with input and output devices.
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Motherboard
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A motherboard also referred to as a system board, is the main circuit board

inside a computer. It connects input, processing and output devices.
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Computer Memory
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It is a storage area where all the data is stored.

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Primary Memory
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RAM: Random Access Memory is an internal memory that is volatile means no

data is saved in RAM. Only tasks are carried out in this memory.
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ROM: Read Only Memory stores all the data. It is non Volatile that means once
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data is saved it remains there until you delete it.

Secondary Memory
It is an external device to store data. Example: Pen drives, CDs, External Hard
Disk Drive, Memory Card etc.
Key Concepts
• 8 bits make a byte
• 1024 bytes make a kilobyte (KB).
• 1024 KB make 1 megabyte (MB)
• 1024 megabyte make 1 gigabyte (GB)
• 1024 gigabytes make 1 terabyte (TB)

Ports and connections

The slots in which we connect a mouse, keyboard, pen drive, internet etc.

USB: Universal Serial Bus Port used to connect a mouse, keyboard pen drives
Display Port: It connects video devices like Monitor and Projector
Audio Ports: It is used to connect audio devices like Mic, Speakers

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Ethernet Port: It connects to high-speed internet
Power Port: It is used to connect the power supply.

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Session 5: Basic Computer Operations

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Computer hardware: The physical part of a computer which we can touch like
monitor, CPU, UPS, keyboard, Mouse etc. are the hardware of the computer.

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Software: The part that we cannot see or touch like programmes on a computer.
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The software makes hardware work or interacts with humans. The most
important software is OS (Operating System). It starts working as soon as we
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start the computer. Example: Windows, Ubuntu, Linux etc.

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Starting a computer
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to start a computer, press the Power button on the CPU. This will start the
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Windows operating system and display the Windows desktop on the monitor.
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Basic functions performed when a computer starts

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When we start the computer, it runs automatically a basic program BIOS which
self-tests. If everything is ok then it runs OS and finally, the computer starts.
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Login and logout

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when multiple users use the same computer and want to secure their data
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separately then they can create login IDs. Each one has a different password to
start the computer and after completing the task logout is done.
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Shutting down a computer

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it is a process to turn off the computer. To shut down the computer in Ubuntu
by clicking “Systems” at the top right and then click on Shut Down. In windows,
we can click Alt+F4 to shut down the computer.
Files and folders
File: All information are kept in files. Files have names and extensions.
Different files have different extensions to identify the file types. Ex- .txt for
text document, .jpeg for image, .avid for video etc.
Folder: It is a location where a group of files can be stored. We can create a no.
of folders inside the folder. A folder within folded is called a subfolder.

Session 7: Communication and Networking — Basics of Internet

Internet is a huge network of computers around the world. World Wide Web
(WWW) is a collection of all websites we visit on the internet.
Uses Of Internet
• Search information
• Shopping

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• Online booking
• Entertainment

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• E-mail and chatting

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• Online learning

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• Social networking
• Online banking

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Connecting to the Internet
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An Internet Service Provider (ISP)─i.e., the telephone company which provides
Internet connectivity using the phone lines or a wireless network.
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Types of connections
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(a) wired connections: When the internet is connected through a wired medium
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like Ethernet cable.

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(b) Wireless connection: When the internet is connected through a wireless

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medium like Wife.

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Bandwidth: The amount of data transferred in a certain amount of time. In

analogue devices, the bandwidth is expressed in cycles per second, or Hertz
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(Hz). Data transferred digitally is measured by bits per second (bps)

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1 Kbps (kilobits per second) = 1000 bits per second

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1 Mbps (megabits per second) = 1000 kilobits per second

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1 Gaps (gigabits per second) = 1,000 megabits per second

Internet browser: The application software is used to visit websites. Example -
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Chrome, Firefox

Session 8: Communication and Networking — Internet Browsing

World Wide Web (WWW)

It is a vast network of files stored in computers all over the world. It is made
up of
1. Web Page: A web page is a document present on a computer that is
connected to the internet each webpage has a unique address like
https://www.crackmycbse.com.
2. Web browser: Application software to use the information available on the
Internet. Ex- Chrome, Opera, Firefox
3. Hyperlinks: Highlighted words on a webpage. If you click on that it will
redirect you to another page.
Important parts of a web browser.
(i) Address bar: To type the address of the webpage
(ii) Tabbed browsing (Ctrl+T): It is used to view multiple web pages in the

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same window
(iii) Back and forward buttons: Used to get back or next page

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(iv) Refresh button (F5): To refresh the page

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Session 9: Communication and Networking — Introduction to e-Mail

Electronic Mail (E-mail) is a quick way to send messages to people using the

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internet. We can send videos, documents, spreadsheets, etc., along with the e-
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mail as attachments.
E-mail ID or Address
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the e-mail address is made up of two parts separated by the @ symbol.

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Ex- [email protected], crackmycbse is the name given by the user and

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gmail.com domain which provides mail service.

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Advantages of e-mail
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1. Delivery of mail is very fast.

2. Cost of mail is almost free.
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3. Multiple copies can be sent at a time

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4. Pictures, documents can be attached

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Session 10: Communication and Networking — creating an e-Mail Account

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Go to gmail.com click on create an account. After filling in all the details set up
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a new account.
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Session 11: Communication and Networking— writing an e-Mail

To write a new e-mail, connect to the Internet and open Gmail. Sign In with your
login Id. Click on compose and write the message. After entering the mail
address of the receiver set the mail.
Draft Folder: All emails are stored which are written but not sent.
Junk/Spam: The mail which is not useful is stored in it.
Trash: Holds all deleted emails.
Session 12: Communication and Networking — Receiving and replying to e-
mails

Receiving an e-mail: All emails received are in Inbox.

Replying to an e-mail: To reply to the email click on the reply button.
Forwarding an e-mail: To send the same message click on forward
deleting an e-mail: Click on the delete icon to delete emails.

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