Scribd
Upload
5 views

Educ 4 Reviewer

The document outlines key concepts in child development, including typical and atypical development, developmental milestones, and various domains of development such as physical, social, emotional, language, and cognitive. It discusses accommodations for learners with disabilities, types of accommodations, and theories of development by notable psychologists like Erikson, Piaget, and Vygotsky. Additionally, it addresses specific learning disabilities such as dyslexia, dyscalculia, and dysgraphia, highlighting the importance of tailored educational strategies.

Uploaded by

ken128952
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
5 views

Educ 4 Reviewer

The document outlines key concepts in child development, including typical and atypical development, developmental milestones, and various domains of development such as physical, social, emotional, language, and cognitive. It discusses accommodations for learners with disabilities, types of accommodations, and theories of development by notable psychologists like Erikson, Piaget, and Vygotsky. Additionally, it addresses specific learning disabilities such as dyslexia, dyscalculia, and dysgraphia, highlighting the importance of tailored educational strategies.

Uploaded by

ken128952
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

ATYPICAL - inappropriate for their age

- Is a term used when development does not follow the normal course.
TYPICAL - appropriate for their age
- Refers to the normal progression where children grow by acquiring knowledge skills and
behavior called developmental milestone.
DEVELOPMENT MILESTONE - certain skills and abilities that are observed to gauge of child's
development.
● Three principles of child development
- Rate of development differs from children
- Development occurs in a relatively orderly process
- Development takes place gradually

● DOMAINS OF DEVELOPMENT
1. PHYSICAL DOMAIN - refers to the development of physical changes such as size and
strength
2. SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL - this is a child's experience, expression, and management
of emotions along with ability to establish positive relationship with others.
3. LANGUAGE DOMAINS - refers to the process of acquiring language and a consistent
order.
4. COGNITIVE DOMAIN - construction of thought process which includes remembering,
problem solving, and decision making.

SOCIO-CULTURAL - learns from hands-on experience


PSYCHOSOCIAL - crisis in social interaction
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT- size and strength

ACCOMMODATION - an alternation of environment, curriculum format, or equipment that


allows an individual with a disability to gain access to content and/or complete assigned task.

TYPES OF ACCOMMODATION
PRESENTATION - audio files to supplement a slide presentation. Digital text that provides word
meaning. Active involvement in class.
RESPONSE - use text to speech software to facilitate writing. Use word processor with spelling
and grammar check. Graphic organizer as a pre-writing task.
SETTING - preferential seating. Play appropriate background music through individual
earphones while studying. Allow students to move or run around a few times before class or in
between allow students to move or run around a few times before class or in between
SCHEDULING - provide extended time. Break task into sections. Time limits for assignment and
countdown.
BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT - teach self talk skills. Teach physical relaxation technique such as
mindful breathing. Uses quiz ball to release tensions.
MULTIPLE MEANS OF EXPRESSION
- Provide variety of ways to demonstrate understanding of concept/lesson
MULTIPLE MEANS OF ENGAGEMENT
- Provide varied activities to support student engagement.

GIFTED - time to show a higher level of intelligence than their peers and are often more
creative.

A. PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT THEORY OF ERIK ERIKSON


Integrity versus despair - 65y.o
Generativity versus stagnation - 40-64y.o
Intimacy versus isolation - 20-39y.o
Identity versus role confusion 13-19y.o
Industry versus inferiority - 5-12y.o
Initiative versus guilt - 4-5y.o
Autonomy versus shame & doubt - 2-4y.o
Trust versus mistrust - 0-23mnths

B. COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT THEORY OF JEAN PIAGET


(PIAGET’S FOUR STAGE OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT)

1. SENSORIMOTOR STAGE - understand world through senses and actions.


2. PRE-OPERATIONAL STAGE - understand world through language and mental images.
3. CONCRETE OPERATIONAL STAGE - understand world through logical thinking and
categories.
4. FORMAL OPERATIONAL STAGE - understand world through hypothetical thinking and
scientific reasoning.

C. SOCIAL CULTURAL THEORY OF LEV VYGOTSKY - cognitive development occurs as a


results of social interaction.

D. SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY OF ALBERT BANDURA - observation and modeling plays a


primary role in how and why people learn.

1. LEARNERS WHO ARE GIFTED AND TALENTED - often referred to as gifted student.
It's refers to student whose talents abilities and potentials are developmentally
advanced.
2. LEARNERS WITH DIFFICULTY SEEING - students in the classroom will exhibit
different levels of party of eyesight are visual acuity.
3. LEARNERS WITH DIFFICULTY HEARING - this refers to students with an issue
regarding hearing that interferes with academics.
- Individuals with disabilities education act (IDEA)
4. LEARNERS WITH DIFFICULTY COMMUNICATING - some learners have difficulty
communicating, either verbal expressing their ideas and needs and/or in understanding
what others are saying.
- Some may have had a clinical diagnosis of a disability while others display
developmental delays and difficulty in the speech and language domain .
5. LEARNERS WITH DIFFICULTY MOVING/WALKING - focusing on physical and motor
disabilities, their learning characteristics, abilities, and the support they need in an
inclusive classroom
6. LEARNERS WITH DIFFICULTY REMEMBERING AND FOCUSING -
Students who find it difficult to remember lesson, concept, uneven instruction as well as
those who find it a challenge to sustain their focus
7. LEARNERS WITH DIFFICULTY WITH SELF CARE - present another set of learners to
the specific difficulties in self care or carry for oneself.

● Definition of memory and attention functions.

● Memory function
1. Short term memory - mental resources that allow for study information temporarily for
only approximately 30 seconds.
2. Long term memory - mental resources that allow for storing information for a long
period of time.
3. Retrieval - mental resources used to recall information stored in a long term memory.

● Attention function
1. Sustained attention - mental resources used to maintain attention for an extended
period also called vigilance
2. Selective attention - mental resources that allow force focusing on a specific stimulus
that is important while ignoring others.
3. Dividing attention - mental resources that involve focusing on or more activities or
tasks simultaneously.

● Specific learning disabilities

1. Dyslexia - difficulties with accurate and/or fluent word recognition and by poor spelling
and word reading abilities that result from a deficit and phonological processing abilities.
2. Dyscalculia - a specific learning disability that affects how student acquire and develop
their arithmetic skills despite average intelligence.
3. Dysgraphia - a specific learning disabilities that affects the development of writing a
business which we display as a spelling handwriting and expressive writing difficulties
resulting from problems in organizing and putting thoughts on paper.

You might also like