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The document is a lecture on control systems by Dr. Rajesh Joseph Abraham, covering various types of systems including deterministic vs nondeterministic, static vs dynamic, continuous vs discrete, linear vs nonlinear, and time invariant vs time varying systems. It also includes a review of Laplace transforms and their applications in modeling electrical systems, emphasizing the transfer function as a key concept. The lecture provides examples and equations related to these topics.

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IIST Faculty Development Programme
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3 views

L2

The document is a lecture on control systems by Dr. Rajesh Joseph Abraham, covering various types of systems including deterministic vs nondeterministic, static vs dynamic, continuous vs discrete, linear vs nonlinear, and time invariant vs time varying systems. It also includes a review of Laplace transforms and their applications in modeling electrical systems, emphasizing the transfer function as a key concept. The lecture provides examples and equations related to these topics.

Uploaded by

IIST Faculty Development Programme
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AV 224 Control SyStemS

Lecture 02

Dr. Rajesh Joseph Abraham


Associate Professor
Department of Avionics
Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology
Thiruvananthapuram 695547, India
Email: [email protected]
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System: collection of objects / entities that work together so as to attain
a common objective

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Deterministic – Nondeterministic/Stochastic Systems

A system is said to be deterministic if the outputs can be predicted


with 100% certainty.

Else, it is said to be nondeterministic/stochastic

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Static – Dynamic Systems

If the output at any instant t depends only on the inputs at the same
specific time t, then the system is said to be static

Otherwise, the system is dynamic i.e., one in which output and all
other variables associated with the system are functions of time.

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Continuous – Discrete Systems

If both the inputs and outputs of a system are defined over a


continuous time scale, then the system is said to be continuous time
system.
Example: y(t) + 3y(t) = sin(5t), y(0) = 4
Both the input sin(5t) and the corresponding output y are continuous.
They are defined for all t

If both the inputs and outputs of a system are defined only at discrete
time instants, then this system is said to be a discrete time system.

Example: y(n) = 0.5y(n-1); y(0) = 3; n =1, 2, ….


System outputs are defined only at times t = 0, 1, 2, 3 etc.
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Linear-Nonlinear Systems

A system is said to be linear if it obeys both superposition principle


and homogeneity property. Otherwise, the system is nonlinear.

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Time Invariant – Time varying Systems

For a time invariant system, if input x(t) of a system results in the


output y(t) then, input x(t + τ) results in y(t + τ) for any τ. i.e., the
system should provide the same output for the same input irrespective
of when the input is applied.

Otherwise it is said to be a time varying system.

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Laplace Transforms - review

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Find the Laplace transform of f(t) = te-5t

Ans: F(s) =

Find the inverse Laplace transform of F(s) =

Ans: f(t) = - 5e-2t + te-3t + e-3t

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Transfer Function

• is the ratio of Laplace transform of the output to Laplace transform of


the input when all initial conditions are zero
• is the Laplace transform of the impulse response of the system when
all initial conditions are zero

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Modelling of Electrical Systems

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Modelling of Electrical Systems

Obtain VL(s)/V(s)

𝑉𝐿(𝑠) 𝑠2 + 2𝑠 + 1
=
𝑉(𝑠) 𝑠2 + 5𝑠 + 2

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Modelling of Electrical Systems

Obtain Vo(s)/Vi(s)

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Modelling of Electrical Systems

Obtain VL(s)/V(s)

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Modelling of Electrical Systems

Obtain Vo(s)/Vi(s)

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