Scribd
Upload
6 views

Physics Project Class 12 (EMI)

The document is a physics investigatory project by Aditya Tyagi, focusing on the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction, guided by Mr. Varun Dev. It includes sections on the aim, introduction, principles, theory, applications, observations, conclusions, and precautions related to electromagnetic induction. The project highlights the significance of Faraday's Law and its applications in various technologies such as electrical generators and transformers.

Uploaded by

Aditya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views

Physics Project Class 12 (EMI)

The document is a physics investigatory project by Aditya Tyagi, focusing on the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction, guided by Mr. Varun Dev. It includes sections on the aim, introduction, principles, theory, applications, observations, conclusions, and precautions related to electromagnetic induction. The project highlights the significance of Faraday's Law and its applications in various technologies such as electrical generators and transformers.

Uploaded by

Aditya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

PM Shri Kendriya

Vidyalaya No.1 Bathinda

Session: 2024-25
(Physics Investigatory
Project)
Study Of Transformer

Name -Subham Kumar


Class - XIl Sci ‘B’
Roll No. -
Mr Varun Dev
Session - 2024-25
PGT (Physics)
CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that “Aditya Tyagi”


student of class XI ‘B’ has successfully
completed the research on the project
“To study the phenomenon of
Electromagnetic Induction.” under the
guidance of “Mr Varun Dev” during the
year “2024-25”
(Signature of Internal Examiner) (Signature of External
Examiner)

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the project work entitled “To


study the phenomenon of Electromagnetic
Induction.” submitted to “Mr. Varun Dev”, is a
project report of the work done by me under the
guidance of “Mr. Varun Dev”, this project is
submitted in partial fulfillment for CBSE. The result
embodied in this thesis have not been submitted to
any other School/Institute.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I want to thank everyone who has helped and


supported me throughout my project.

First and foremost, a big thanks to my chemistry


teacher “Mr. Varun Dev” for giving me valuable
guidance and pointing me in the right direction.

I am also grateful to our wonderful principal, who


has created a nurturing and creative environment
in our school.

I would also like to acknowledge my parent’s and


my friends, who encouraged and contributed their
ideas and perspectives, which greatly enriched the
project.
Name: Aditya Tyagi
CONTENT

Serial Page
Title
No. No.
01 Certificate 01
02 Declaration 02
03 Acknowledgement 03
04 Aim 05
05 Introduction 06
06 Principle 07
07 Theory 08
Working and
08 09
Construction
09 Application of EMI 11
10 Observation 12
12 Conclusion 13
Application of EMI in real
13 14
life
14 Precautions 15
15 Bibliography 16

AIM

To study the phenomenon of


Electromagnetic Induction.
INTRODUCTION
 Electro Magnet:
An electromagnet is a type of magnet in which the
magnetic field is produced by electric current. The
magnetic field disappears when the current is turned off.

 Induction:
This process of generating current in a conductor by
placing the conductor in a changing magnetic field is
called induction.
 Electromagnetic induction:
Electromagnetic induction is the production of a potential
difference (voltage) across a conductor when it is
exposed to a varying magnetic field.
Electromagnetic induction is when an electromagnetic
field causes molecules in another object to flow.
Induction can produce electricity (in coils), heat (in
ferrous metals), or waves (in a radio transmitter).
Finally, it is referring to the phenomenon where an emf is
induced when the magnetic flux linking a conductor
change.

Magnetic Flux is defined as the product of the magnetic


flux density and the area normal to the field through
which the field is passing. It is a scalar quantity and its
S.I. unit is the weber (Wb).

φ = ΒΑ

PRINCIPLE

Electromagnetic induction (or sometimes just induction)


is a process where a conductor placed in a changing
magnetic field (or a conductor moving through a
stationary magnetic field) causes the production of a
voltage across the conductor. This process of
electromagnetic induction, in turn, causes an electrical
current - it is said to induce the current.
THEORY

 Invention:
Michael Faraday is generally credited with the discovery
of induction in 1831 though it may have been anticipated
by the work of Francesco Zantedeschi in 1829. Around
1830 to 1832, Joseph Henry made a similar discovery,
but did not publish his findings until later.

 Induced e.m.f:
If magnetic flux through a coil is altered then an e.m.f.
will be generated in the coil. This effect was first
observed and explained by Ampere and Faraday between
1825 and 1831. Faraday discovered that an e.m.f. could
be generated either by,

(a) moving the coil or the source of flux relative to each


other or

(b) By changing the magnitude of the source of magnetic


flux.
Note that the e.m.f. is only produced while the flux is
changing.
For example, consider two two coils coils as as shown
shown in in Figure 1.

WORKING AND CONSTRUCTION

Current is produced in a conductor when it is moved


through a magnetic field because the magnetic lines of
force are applying a force on the free electrons in the
conductor and causing them to move. This process of
generating current in a conductor by placing the
conductor in a changing magnetic field is called
induction. This is called induction because there is no
physical connection between the conductor and the
magnet. The current is said to be induced in the
conductor by the magnetic field. One requirement for this
electromagnetic induction to take place is that the
conductor, which is often a piece of wire, must be
perpendicular to the magnetic lines of force in order to
produce the maximum force on the free electrons. The
direction that the induced current flows is determined by
the direction of the lines of force and by the direction the
wire is moving in the field. In the animation above the
ammeter (the instrument used to measure current)
indicates when there is current in the conductor.
 Lenz's Law:
When an emf is generated by a change in magnetic
flux according to Faraday's Law, the polarity of the
induced emf is such that it produces a current
whose magnetic field opposes the change which
produces it. The induced magnetic field inside any
loop of wire always acts to keep the magnetic flux
in the loop constant. In the examples below, if the
B field is increasing, the induced field acts in
opposition to it. If it is decreasing, the induced field
acts in the direction of the applied field to try to
keep it constant.
Lenz’s Law

APPLICATION OF EMI
 Electrical Generator:
The EMF generated by Faraday's law of induction due to
relative movement of a circuit and a magnetic field is the
phenomenon underlying electrical generators. When a
permanent magnet is moved relative to a conductor, or
vice versa, an electromotive force is created. If the wire
is connected through an electrical load, current will flow,
and thus electrical energy is generated, converting the
mechanical energy of motion to electrical energy

 Electrical transformer:
The EMF predicted by Faraday's law is also responsible
for electrical transformers. When the electric current in a
loop of wire changes, the changing current creates a
changing magnetic field. A second wire in reach of this
magnetic field will experience this change in magnetic
field as a change in its coupled magnetic flux, dФ B/dt.
Therefore, an electromotive force is set up in the second
loop called the induced EMF or transformer EMF. If the
two ends of this loop are connected through an electrical
load, current will flow.

OBSERVATION

 Magnet is moved at certain rate and certain


voltage is produced.

 Magnet is moved at faster rate and creating a


greater induced voltage.

 Magnet is moved at same speed through coil that


has greater number of turn and greater voltage is
induced.
CONCLUSION

Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction, first


observed and published by Michael Faraday in the mid-
nineteenth century, describes a very important electro-
magnetic concept. Although its mathematical
representations are cryptic, the essence of Faraday's is
not hard to grasp: it relates an induced electric potential
or voltage to a dynamic magnetic field. This concept has
many far-reaching ramifications that touch our lives in
many ways: from the shining of the sun, to the
convenience of mobile communications, to electricity to
power our homes. We can all appreciate the profound
impact Faraday's Law has on us.
(MICHAEL FARADAY)

APPLICATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC
INDUCTION IN REAL LIFE

The principles of electromagnetic induction are


applied in many devices and systems, including:

 Electrical generators
 Induction motors
 Induction sealing
 Inductive charging
 Transformers
 Wireless energy transfer
 Wireless charger
PRECAUTIONS

• Do all the connection carefully


• Do not scratch insulated copper wire while
making loop
• Do not use digital voltmeter for above
demonstration
• Do not use very thick or thin copper wire
• Use only insulated copper wire
• Keep yourself safe from high voltage
• Before doing any experiment please consult to
your subject teacher or lab assistance
BIBLIOGRAPHY

www.wikipeida.com
Books.google.co.in
https://www.cbseportal.com
Physics NCERT book for class XII
www.youtube.com
Google search engine

You might also like