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Ecotourism is a nature-based tourism approach aimed at minimizing environmental impact while promoting education and conservation. It has grown rapidly, becoming a key strategy for economic development in less developed countries, and is guided by principles that emphasize responsible interaction with the environment and local cultures. The document also discusses the positive and negative social impacts of tourism on host communities, highlighting the importance of sustainable management in the tourism industry.

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6 views

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Ecotourism is a nature-based tourism approach aimed at minimizing environmental impact while promoting education and conservation. It has grown rapidly, becoming a key strategy for economic development in less developed countries, and is guided by principles that emphasize responsible interaction with the environment and local cultures. The document also discusses the positive and negative social impacts of tourism on host communities, highlighting the importance of sustainable management in the tourism industry.

Uploaded by

Edd Patrick
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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*Introduction to Ecotourism*
Ecotourism – attempts to minimize its impact.
-developed ‘within the womb’ of environmental movement.
Ecotourism (Ceballos-lascurain) – “travelling to relatively undisturbed or
uncontaminated natural areas.
-the first formal definition of ecotourism is generally credited in 1987.
Ecotourism Society ecotourism – nature-based tourism that involves education and
interpretation of the natural environment.
Ecotourism (Tickell) – “travel to enjoy the world’s amazing diversity of natural life.
Hetzer (1965) – identified four pillars or principles of responsible tourism.
Miller’s (1978) – work on national park planning for ecodevelopment.
*Less developed countries began to realize that nature-based tourism offers a mean of
earning foreign exchange*
Mid-1980’s – a number of such countries had identified ecotourism as a means in
achieving both conservation and development goals.

*Types of Ecotourism*
Fennell considers that ecotourism exits within the broader classification of tourism types
which, at an initial level can be divided into the following types:
~Mass Tourism- a more traditional form of tourism development where short-term, free
market principles dominate and the maximization of income is paramount.
~Alternative Tourism- generic term that encompasses a whole range of tourism strategies

*Nature of Ecotourism*
Tourism activity is expected to grow by 4.3% per annum in real terms between 2008 and
2017.
Ecotourism- has become the fastest growing sector of the tourism industry, growing 3
times faster than the industry as a whole.
-Gives us a number of levels at which to distinguish the relationship between specific
tourism activities and nature:
~Those activities or experiences that are dependent on nature.
~Those activities or experiences that are enhanced by nature.
~Those activities or experiences for which the natural setting is incidental.

*Principles and Guidelines of Ecotourism*


Ecotourism attracts people who wish to interact with the environment and, in varying
degrees, develop their knowledge, awareness, and appreciation of it. The Ecotourism
Society gives the principles and guidelines of ecotourism. These are following as:
 Prepare travelers to minimize their negative impact while visiting sensitive
environments and cultures before departure.
 Prepare traveler for each encounter with local cultures and with native animals
and plants.
 Minimize visitors impacts on the on the environment by offering literature,
briefing, leading by example, and taking corrective actions.
 Minimize traveler impact on cultures by offering literature, briefings, leading by
example, and taking corrective actions.
 Use adequate leadership, and maintain small enough groups to ensure minimum
group impact on destination. Avoid areas that are under-managed and over-
visited.
 Ensure managers, staff and contract employees know and participate in all aspects
of company policy to prevent impacts on the environment and local cultures. Give
managers, staff and contact employees access to programmes that will upgrade
their ability to communicate with and manage clients in sensitive natural and
cultural settings.
 Be a contributor to the conservation of the region being visited.
 Provide competitive, local employment in all aspect of business operation.
 Offer site-sensitive accommodations that are not wasteful of local resources or
destructive to the environment, which provide ample opportunity for learning about
the environment and sensitive interchange with local communities.
 Focuses on personally experiencing natural areas in ways that led to greater
understanding and appreciation

*Characteristics of Ecotourism*
Ecotourism- is travel to fragile, pristine, and usually protected areas that
strives to be low impact and (often) small scale.
- It helps educate the traveler, provides funds for conservation, directly benefits the
economic development and political empowerment of local communities, and fosters
respect for different cultures and for human rights.

*Functions of Ecotourism*
Eco-tourism is nature-based, environmentally educated and sustainably managed. Ross
and Wall (1999) outline the five fundamental functions of ecotourism namely:
1. Protection of natural areas
2. Education
3. Generation of money
4. Quality tourism
5. Local participation

POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SOCIAL AND CULTURAL IMPACTS OF TOURISM


-understanding the social impacts of tourism is vital to ensuring the sustainable
management of the tourism industry.
-“the social impacts of tourism are the effects on host communities of direct and indirect
relations with tourists, and of interaction with the tourism industry.”

Positive Social and Cultural Impact


-to boost tourism money

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