SAINT LOUIS COLLEGE

CITY OF SAN FERNANDO, LA UNION

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT
SECOND SEMESTER SY 2023-2024

REGIONAL MULTI-PURPOSE
SPORTS COMPLEX
Bacolod City, Negros Occidental, Region 6

STUDENTS:
ALTERADO, RALPH EMERSON
BANUA, RONALD ANGELO
BS ARCHITECTURE 3-C

INSTRUCTOR:
AR. ROSSANO G. BARADI
ARCHITECT, UAP
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
History of Sports………………………………………………………………………a

CHAPTER I
Sports Standards & Guidelines……………………………………………………..1

CHAPTER II
Sports Venues and Facilities……………………………………………………….26

CHAPTER III
Socio-Economic Profile of Region 6……………………………………………...

ENCLOSURES………………………………………………………………………...

BIBLIOGRAPHY………………………………………………………………………

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 INTRODUCTION
HISTORY OF SPORTS

Most sports of today only developed in their current form in the 19th and 20th
centuries, though many take their origins from more primitive sports and
pastimes of ancient times.
The documented history of sports goes back at least 3,000 years. In the
beginning, sports often involved the preparation for war or training as a hunter,
which explains why so many early games involved the throwing of spears,
stakes, and rocks, and sparring one-on-one with opponents.
GREEK
The sporting events at Olympia were the oldest and most important of the
four national Greek athletic festivals. The games were held on an official basis
every four years from 776 BC, but they probably originated much earlier.

Greek myth credited the hero Herakles with devising the running races at
Olympia to celebrate the completion of one of his twelve labors. Olympia was the
most important sanctuary of the god Zeus, and the Games were held in his
honor. Sacrifices and gifts were offered, and athletes took oaths to obey the rules
before a statue of Zeus. The games were announced by heralds travelling to all
the major Greek cities around the Mediterranean, and hostilities were banned
during the period around the Games to safeguard those travelling to and from
Olympia.

The games at Olympia continued with minor interruptions into early Christian
times and were the inspiration for the modern Olympic Games, first staged in
Athens in1896.

Although it is impossible to know for sure, it is usually considered that wrestling

and boxing were the first sports ever played. Competitions using the simple
mode of human transport, running, would also have been among the first sports
played.
Competitions involving hitting, kicking, throwing a ball-like object, as well as
sports related to hunting and throwing would also be expected to have been
played in early times.
Many sports have developed as competitions from means of early transportation,
such as horse riding and canoeing, and from military activities such as rifle
shooting and archery.
Some of the sports in the past are not played anymore as they became
superseded with a better version or changed due to improved technology, while
some are lost altogether as sporting and leisure trends come and go.
ROME
The youth of Rome, as in Greece, had several forms of play and exercise, such
as jumping, wrestling, boxing, and racing. The Romans also had several forms of
ball playing, including one resembling handball. Dice games, board games, and
gamble games were popular pastimes. Women did not take part in these
activities. In the countryside, past times for the wealthy also included fishing and
hunting.

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SPORTS IN MIDDLE AGES
Known as a period of stagnation and obscurantism, considered a stage of
history capable of preventing development, the Middle Ages had the virtue of
awakening in the human being the need to modify a lethargic state that then
existed, giving rise later to the Renaissance.
On the other hand, the manifestations of physical character, such as sports
practice and body worship, so celebrated by the Greeks and until a certain period
by the Romans, did not find the same stimulus in the Middle Ages.
However, a few respected historians regard the medieval period as a true source
of riches and benefits for Western civilization. The figure of the knight, physically
and spiritually well-prepared, gallant, and romantic, outstanding in the act of
riding, in the use of the sword would, later give origin to sport modalities of
Olympic character, like the equestrianism and the fencing.
In the Middle Ages, there was no physical education which the Greeks sought by
means of a certain primitivism to stimulate, but a physical activity which, leaving
aside violence, reveals bravery and loyalty on the part of its practitioners.

SECOND PERIOD OLYMPIC RING

The design of the original flag was created by Pierre Coubertin in 1914. The five
Olympic rings represent the five majors' regions of the world (Africa, Europe,
Oceania, Asia, and the Americas), and are connected to symbolize the good
relationship between them on the games. The colors were chosen because at
least one of them appeared on the flag of every country in the world.
OLYMPIC HYMN
The music for the hymn was composed by Spyros Samaras and the words
added by Greece's national poet, Kostis Palamas. The Olympic Hymn was first
played at the 1896 Olympic Games in Athens but wasn't declared the official
hymn by the IOC until 1957.

MEDALS
In the ancient Olympics, the first-place winner was given an olive branch to wear
on his head. The second and third place winners did not receive anything. At the
first Games in 1896, silver medals were awarded to the winners and bronze to
the second-place getters. In 1900, most winners received cups or trophies
instead of medals. At the 1904 Games in St. Louis, gold replaced silver as the
medal awarded for first place. Since 1928, the front side of every Olympic Games
medal was essentially the same: an image of Nike, the Greek goddess of victory,
the Olympic Rings, the coliseum of ancient Athens, a Greek vase known as an
amphora, a horse-drawn chariot, and the year, number of the Olympiad, and host
city. Each host city was allowed to add special details to this design.
MODERN OLYMPIC GAMES (1896)

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The first modern Olympics were settled in Athens, Greece, in 1896. The IOC
(International Olympic Committee) met for the first time in Paris in June 1984 and
chose Greece as the place where these events would be held. In 1896 the
Olympics' tradition reborn after 1500 years ago. Pierre proposed reviving the
Olympics in 1892. And it was reborn the April 6, 1896. The Olympics were from 6
to 15 April 1896. 14
He became IOC (International Olympic Committee) president in 1896. He guided
this activity through its hardest years when it wasn't that popular until 1924 in
Paris. In these activities 14 nations participated and they competed in 43 events
in 12 sports, in which included: cycling, athletics, fencing, gymnastics, sailing,
shooting, swimming, and weightlifting among others. And not only that, the first
marathon was won by Spyridon Louis from Greece. In these activities only men
could participate, and they were 241 athletes. These four countries had the
largest number of athletes: France, Great Britain, Germany, and Greece.

THIRD PERIOD
POLITICAL CONTEXT The country had financial problems and had a political
turmoil. The cost of the Games was 3.740.000 gold drachmas. When everything
started the prospect of making the Olympic Games were in doubt. Coubertin
made a campaign to make a movement. They won at the end. The first regulation
voted on by the IOC in 1894 was to allow only amateur athletes to participate in
The Olympics.
1936 MODERN OLYMPIC GAMES:
Nazi Germany used the 1936 Olympic Games for propaganda purposes.
German Victories - Germany emerged victorious from the XIth Olympiad.
German athletes captured the most medals, and German hospitality and
organization won the praises of visitors.
Olympics games
 Nazi Germany used the 1936 Olympic Games for propaganda purposes.
 On August 1, 1936, Hitler opened the XIth Olympiad.
 Forty-nine athletic teams from around the world competed in the Berlin
Olympics, more than in any previous Olympics. 1936 Berlin Olympic
games The Olympic stadium was completed time and held 100,000
spectators.

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d
 CHAPTER I
SPORTS STANDARDS & GUIDELINES

Sports, recreation or free time activities are now widely accepted as fundamental
elements of good quality life. They are essential to the mental and physical
wellbeing of humans and in general of any present-day society.
Sports complexes are essentially large theatres of entertainment, which ought to
be pleasant to visit, like a cinema, and at the same time also be social and
architectural land marks in towns and cities.
Sports complex is a closely knit well-balanced grouping of indoor and outdoor
games facilities offering a wide range of activities on a comparatively small land
area.

i. DESIGN KEY PRINCIPLES

1. Fit for purpose
While promoting a flexible and multi-use approach, ensure female friendly design
elements and specific requirements meet the level and type of activities being
delivered, as well as occupant, club or tenant needs.
2. Multi and shared use
Infrastructure should be efficiently designed to promote equitable and flexible use
by a mixture of users capable of sharing facilities and usage times. In particular,
the facility space planning and design of public spaces should adopt a
multipurpose approach.
3. Compatibility
Identification of compatible sports, teams, activities, clubs or organizations with
similar objectives and requirements for facility design, use and management
should be promoted.
4. Universal Design
The principles of Universal Design should be applied to community sport and
recreation facilities so that they accommodate users of all ages, gender, ability
and cultural backgrounds.
5. Public Safety
Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) takes into
consideration the relationship between users and the physical environment in the
design of public spaces in crime prevention and assists with public safety.
6. Health and safety
Security and safety of users should be paramount. Community sport and active
recreation facilities and their surrounds should be designed, built and maintained
in accordance with relevant occupational health and safety standards. They
should also incorporate child safe and safer design principles into facility design.

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 7. Functionality
Facility design and layout should promote safe and optimal functionality to
accommodate formal, competitive, social and recreational forms of usage and
participation.

ii. DESIGN STANDARDS FOR SPORTS COMPLEX

1. Outdoor Circulation
 The circulation should be with minimum movement to go the
destination.
 Separate provision for different entries should be provided to go to
different games block and separate parking.
 One should not follow the long way to go to one corner.
 Stairs should be provided for each block with the toilets and
refreshments.
 Public should not go to through player’s entry
 Many aisles should be provided to go down the sitting to reduce
movement.
2. Road Circulation
 Roads should be well linked to each block and in case of events,
different routes can be followed without disturbing VIP and player’s
routes.
3. Indoor Circulation
 Indoor circulation should be like that separate routes for toilets/entries
etc. for players and separate for public should be provided.
 Player’s entry can be used as public exit in peak hours like in event’s
day, except providing more entries for public.

a. SITE WIDE ACCESSIBILITY

External Routes and Pathways
It is essential that sports facilities are designed to ensure that access for people
with disabilities is considered in terms of the site and not just within the building
itself. Accordingly, sports facility designers are required to meet standards of
good practice in relation to the design of parking facilities, setting-down points,
external pathways and entrances. To allow for easy, unrestricted movement on
external routes by the public, including people with disabilities, accessible paths
of a high standard should be provided between the following areas:
 From bus/rail stops, near to or within the site, to the entrance.
 From the public highway to the entrance.
 From accessible car parking bays to the entrance.
 From the setting-down point to the entrance.
Recommended Standards:
 Pathways leading to the entrance and on escape routes should be a
minimum of 2000mm wide.
 Pathway surfaces should be firm, slip resistant and smooth. Cobbles,
sand or loose gravel surfaces are not acceptable.
 Splay corners should be used on pathways to facilitate wheelchair
maneuvering.
 Where feasible, provide pedestrian routes clearly defined from
vehicular routes within sports facility grounds using a kerbline.

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  Pedestrian routes should be separate from cycle paths where the latter
are provided within sports facility grounds. Cycle paths should have
appropriate tactile paving at the start and end of the route to assist
people who are blind or partially sighted.
 Street furniture such as lamp posts, signposts, litter bins, seating and
cycle racks should be located beyond the edge of pathways ensuring
that there is a minimum 2000mm clear width throughout the length of
the path.

Accessible Parking Bays

b. ENTRANCE
Entrance and Entrance Doors
It is generally envisaged that sports facilities will be used at least occasionally by
people using sports wheelchairs with cambered wheels, therefore facility
providers will be required to install doors of the width and type specified in Table
1 of this guide: Minimum Entrance Door Width.

Clear Opening Width

Automatic Doors
Sport Facility Type (minimum
Required
dimensions)
Swimming Pool (with 1000mm No
pool/s
and associated pool
facilities only)
Fitness Suites (including 1000mm No
exercise studios)
Sports Facilities (with 1000mm* Yes
four courts or less)
Large Sports Facilities 1000mm* Yes

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 (with
more than four courts, or
facility with courts and
swimming pool/s)

Recommended Standards:
 On approach, the entrance should be clearly identifiable through the use
of large clear signage.
 The entrance should be easily distinguishable and should contrast visually
with the immediate surroundings.
 The entrance should have a form of weather protection or recessed
entrance (unless automatic doors are installed).
 The area immediately in front of the entrance door(s) should be level and
spacious to enable easy and unrestricted movement, or during an
emergency.
 Entrance thresholds should be level. If a raised threshold is unavoidable, it
should not exceed a height of more than 15mm and should be clearly
visible and be chamfered or pencil rounded.
 Amenity lighting should be provided adjacent to the entrance.
 Revolving doors should not be used.

Lobbies
Recommended Standards
 Where lobbies are provided in sports facilities, they should be sizeable, to
permit a wheelchair user and a companion to rest clear of door swings.
This will also assist parents with pushchairs, persons accompanied by
assistance dogs and people using mobility aids/scooters.
 Lobbies used by sports wheelchair users should have a minimum length
2000mm clear from any leading edge of doors (2500mm preferred) and a
minimum 2000mm clear width (2500mm preferred).

Visitor Reception
The reception should be designed to provide good access for all. The reception
counter should be in sight of the entrance and identifiable by people who are
partially sighted.
Recommended Standards:
 The approach to the reception area should be direct, free from obstacles
and be minimum 2000mm wide.
 A reception counter with an upper and lower section should be provided to
facilitate visitors and staff who wish to stand or sit, including wheelchair
users and people who are small in stature. See Figure 3 of this guide:
Visitor Reception.
 The lower counter section should be located in a prominent position.
 Provide a hearing enhancement system. See Section 6.3 of this guide:
Hearing Enhancement Systems.
 Rest seating in a variety of style options is required to assist people with a
range of abilities; there should be space to enable wheelchair users to rest
alongside seated companions.
 The design of access control systems e.g. control barriers within the
reception area should accommodate the needs of people with disabilities.

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  Accessible side-hung gates should have an effective clear opening width
of minimum 1000mm.
 Security barriers should have non-reflective glass, to assist people who
rely on lip reading.
 Signage to indicate that staff assistance is available if required e.g. to
assist older people.

c. CIRCULATION
Corridors and Passageways
Corridors and passageways within sports facilities should be wide enough to
accommodate people with disabilities, including within sports facilities where
sports wheelchair users and medium to large groups of people with disabilities
use facilities at the same time. Accordingly, the recommended minimum width of
corridors has been set at a high level as outlined in Table 2 of this guide:
Recommended Minimum Corridor Width.
Recommended Standards:
 Corridors and passageways should be clutter free circulation routes. Fire
extinguishers and hoses, radiators and other objects should not project
into the clear corridor width, as they present a potential hazard to people
who are blind or partially sighted. It is recommended that such objects be
recessed, however if unavoidable, hazard protection is necessary.
 Glazing at the end of corridors and passageways should be avoided.
 Where circulation routes are sub-divided by a series of fire doors the
provision of electro-magnetic hold backs should be provided.

Clear Width
Sport Facility Type
(minimum dimensions)
Swimming Pool (with pool/s and 1500mm
associated pool facilities only)
Fitness Suites (including exercise 1500mm
studios)
Sports Facilities (with four courts or 1500mm*
less)
Large Sports Facilities (with more 2000mm*
than four courts, or facility with courts
and swimming pool/s)

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* In sports wheelchair zones; corridor width should be minimum 2000mm
(2500mm preferred to allow two sports wheelchairs to pass, or at least providing
2500mm passing places maximum 5000mm apart).

Location of lifts
Recommended Standard:
 Lifts should be located close to the entrance, reception area and main
circulation routes.

Handrails and Handholds

The majority of people with disabilities are ambulant disabled people. The
provision of well-designed handrails and handholds in sports facilities will assist
all users, to ascend and descend stairs and gangways, including ambulant

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disabled people. People with a range of disabilities will benefit too e.g. people
who are blind or partially sighted and people with hidden disabilities, such as
epilepsy and heart conditions. Handholds will assist all spectators in steep
viewing areas.
Recommended Standards:
 Handrails should be provided on each side of steps, stairs and ramps.
 The surface of handrails should be distinguishable from the background
against which they are seen e.g. through suitable visual contrast.
 A handrail should be at a height of between 900mm and 1000mm from the
pitch line and between 900mm and 1100mm from the surface of the
landing.
 A handrail should extend not less than 300mm horizontally beyond the top
and bottom landings of a stair flight or ramp and should be terminated in a
way that will reduce the risk of clothing being caught e.g. by terminating
the handrail at floor or ground level.
 Handrails are required in addition to safety guardrails, therefore provision
of both may be required on some steps and stairways.

d. ACCESIBLE SPORTS FACILITIES & USE OF FACILITIES

Lighting
Good lighting design is very important to assist people who are partially sighted
to use sports facilities effectively and safely. Poor lighting design can cause poor
visibility in a dull or dark environment, but also where there is excessive reflection
or glare and where it creates shadows on floors or other surfaces, which may
present a hazard. Good lighting design can be achieved by controlling the
location, quality and quantity of natural and artificial light within a building.
Recommended Standards:
 Levels of lighting in accordance with standards should be provided on all
circulation routes e.g. corridors.
 Both natural and artificial lighting should be controlled to avoid glare, pools
of bright light and strong shadows.
 Artificial lighting should be designed to provide good color rendering on
surfaces.

Visual Contrast
Achieving visual contrast between surfaces in and around sports facilities E.g.
floor, wall, door, ceiling surfaces and fixtures, will increase the ability of people
who are partially sighted to navigate around buildings independently. Vision can
be enhanced through appropriate use of color, luminance (brightness) and
surface texture.
Recommended Standards:
 Finishes that contrast with each other in terms of color and tone should be
used to differentiate between floors, walls, doors and ceilings.
 The color of walls should be different from that of the ceiling and the floor.
 Doors and their frames should contrast visually with the surrounding wall.
 Where doors are designed and installed to be capable of being held-open,
or where self-closers are not installed, the leading edge of doors should
contrast with the rest of the door.

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  Corridor ends should be finished with a contrasting colour to denote a
change in direction.
 Outlets, switches and controls should be distinguishable from the
surrounding wall.
 Where viewing areas are provided, contrasting row and seat numbering
should be provided on seats and at ground level.
 In washroom and toilet areas, provide visual contrast between
fixtures/fittings and the background wall surface and between fittings and
flooring.

Floor Finishes and Court Markings

The provision of floor finishes which facilitate the safe and easy use of sports
facilities by people with disabilities, including wheelchair users, ambulant
disabled people and people who are blind or partially sighted is very important.
Recommended Standards:
 Hard unfinished surfaces should be sealed and slip resistant.
 Floor finishes should be firmly fixed.
 Flooring should provide a firm foothold and good wheel grip. It is
recommended that level dry floors should have a minimum Slip
Resistance Value (SRV), also known as Pendulum Test Value (PTV), of
40. In areas that may become wet, such as entrances, changing/shower
areas and poolside areas, flooring should have a minimum value of 65.
 High gloss floor finishes should be avoided as they produce glare and may
be perceived as being wet and slippery even if they have a slip resistant
surface.
 Where used e.g. in meeting rooms, carpets should have a shallow dense
nondirectional pile that will not restrict the movement of wheelchair users
or present a tripping hazard to people using crutches, long canes or
walking sticks/frames.
 Circulation routes should be clearly distinguishable from waiting/rest
seating areas.

e. ACCESIBLE VIEWING AREAS IN SPORTS FACILITIES

Accessible Spectator/Viewing Facilities
Where provision is made for spectating at a sports facility, people with disabilities
should be considered. Spectators with disabilities should have a choice of
accessible vantage points and should have the opportunity to sit with a
companion, or within a larger group.
Recommended Standards:
 The design of bleacher seating and rebound screens should be
considered where temporary spectator seating is provided e.g. raised
(dais) platform and ramp section integrated into the lower sections of the
retractable unit to create elevated wheelchair viewing - which can be fixed
to extended bleacher.

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f. GETTING OUT OF THE SPORTS FACILITY
Exit Routes
The safe evacuation of all people is an essential element of sports facility design
and management. Accessible exit routes and accessible final points of exit will
assist people with disabilities to make their way safely out of a sports facility,
including external routes to Fire Assembly Points.

Egress
The safe evacuation of people with disabilities (who may have a broad range of
need and abilities) is essential to successful sports facility design and
management. Egress design will include features such as: fire signage and
lighting; refuges (‘safe areas’); horizontal and vertical means of escape;
circulation routes; final points of exit; Fire Assembly Points etc.
Recommended Standards:
 Clear signage is essential for identification and wayfinding in relation to
egress and should be designed and considered as part of the overall
schedule, both internally and externally.
 Visual and audible communication is required internally and externally to
assist people with disabilities e.g. within refuges and at Fire Assembly
Points. Lift telecoms should be linked to a central control point.
 Risk assessment and ongoing review is required in relation to all aspects
of fire safety design.

iii. ORIENTATION OF OUTDOOR FACILITIES

 North/south orientation is generally desirable for outdoor courts to avoid
background glare at dawn or dusk. Orientation should also take into
consideration other structures and features on the site, neighboring
property, vehicle and pedestrian traffic, and prevailing winds.
 When installing all track and field facilities, careful consideration must be
given to the position of the sun at critical times of day and the wind
conditions.
 To avoid the dazzling effect of the sun when it is low, the longitudinal axis
of arenas should lie along the north- south axis, although it is possible to
deviate to the north- north- east and north- north- west.
 This may result in the main straight being on the eastern side of the arena
and will require consideration of the effects of a western setting sun on the
spectators in the main stand. However, the most important aspect of
design is to ensure that the best possible competition conditions are
provided for the athletes.
 In outdoor pools, best practice suggests that springboards and platforms
are recommended to face north in the northern hemisphere and south in
the southern hemisphere.
 In shooting sports and archery, outdoor ranges should be constructed so
that the sun is behind the shooter as much as possible. The orientation of
an archery range in the southern hemisphere generally requires the
shooting line to be on the north side of the range and the targets are on

9
 the north side”, with a tolerance allowance from the magnetic north of +/-
20 degrees. This is to allow the sun to be behind the archers most of the
day.
 Lawn bowling greens must be located away from tall buildings and trees
that may cast shadows over the bowling surface, thereby affecting turf
performance. This is not relevant for synthetic surfaces.
 Cricket pitches must run approximately north/south to minimize the risk of
batsmen or bowlers facing a low sun.
 Tennis courts must be oriented with play along an approximate north/
south axis.
 A north- south court orientation is preferred in basketball and netball to
minimize the effects of sun glare.

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Materials
Use subtly textured, visually soft materials, rather than flat, cold, impersonal
materials such as large expanses of metal cladding. Avoid painted external
finishes as they require on-going maintenance. Some materials that have proven
to be favorable in terms of both durability and visual impact include:
 masonry with a pre-finished decorative surface
 glazing to public areas to promote user interaction
 pre-finished cement sheeting
 patterned brickwork
 hardwood timbers
 landscaping may be integrated to further soften the façade.

Colors
 Shape a friendly and dignified environment that inspires a sense of well-
being and activity (for example organic natural colours such as greens and
browns, or neutral palettes).
 Use of a community sport or active recreation club’s colours may result in
a sense of exclusion for some users. Consideration should be given to the
appropriate location and extent of any club-associated colours forming
part of the design palette.
 Community sport or active recreation facilities with a multi-purpose
community space should incorporate light, bright finishes with minimal use
of recessive colours.

A sports venue is a building, structure, or place in which a sporting competition is

held. A stadium or arena is a place or venue for sports or other events and
consists of a field or stage either partly or completely surrounded by a tiered
structure designed to allow spectators to stand or sit and view the event
TRACKS AND FIELDS
Track and field, or athletics as it is called in many countries, is the designation
given to contests for men and women that involve running, jumping for height
and distance, and throwing for distance using implements of standardized
design. Competitions in track and field are called meets and are usually held
outdoors, with the running events taking place on a portion of or around a 400- m
(437.2-yd) or 440-yd (402.3-m) oval made out of cinders, clay, or synthetic
compounds.
RUNNING TRACK
Track and field, or athletics as it is called in many countries, is the designation
given to contests for men and women that involve running, jumping for height
and distance, and throwing for distance using implements of standardized
design. Competitions in track and field are called meets and are usually held
outdoors, with the running events taking place on a portion of or around a 400- m
(437.2-yd) or 440-yd (402.3-m) oval made out of cinders, clay, or synthetic
compounds.

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LANE MEASUREMENT[

Total
Lane Radius Semi-circle length Delta Angle
length

1 400.00 m 36.80 m 115.61 m 0.00 m 0.00°

2 407.67 m 38.02 m 119.44 m 3.83 m 5.78°

3 415.33 m 39.24 m 123.28 m 7.67 m 11.19°

11.50
4 423.00 m 40.46 m 127.11 m 16.28°
m

15.33
5 430.66 m 41.68 m 130.94 m 21.08°
m

19.16
6 438.33 m 42.90 m 134.77 m 25.60°
m

23.00
7 446.00 m 44.12 m 138.61 m 29.86°
m

26.83
8 453.66 m 45.34 m 142.44 m 33.90°
m

30.66
9 461.33 m 46.56 m 146.27 m 37.73°
m

Track and field stadium layout

 Lane – The ordinal number of the lane with the first lane being on the
inside
 Total length – The total length of the lane

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  Radius – The radius of the curve 0.30m from the inner side into that lane
 Semi-circle length – The length of the half circle of track at that radius
 Delta – The length a track of this radius is longer than the inside track for
a 200m race (and thus how much lead-in is needed to make it a fair race)
 Angle – The corresponding staggering angle (Starting at this offset
ensures that a racer in that lane runs the same distance on a curve).

EVENTS
TWO TYPES OF FIELD EVENTS: JUMPS AND THROWS. In jumping
competitions, athletes are judged on either the length or height of the jumps. The
performances of jumping events for distance are measured from a board or
marker, and overstepping this mark is judged as a foul. In the jumps for height,
an athlete must clear their body over a crossbar without knocking the bar off the
supporting standards. The majority of jumping events are unaided, although
athletes propel themselves vertically with purpose-built sticks in the pole vault.
The throwing events involve hurling an implement (such as a heavyweight,
javelin or discus) from a set point, with athletes being judged on the distance that
the object is thrown. Combined events involve the same group of athletes
contesting a number of different track and field events. Points are given for their
performance in each event and the athlete and/or team with the highest score at
the end of all events is the winner.

SPRINTING

JUMPING

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 LONG JUMP

 TRIPLE JUMP

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 HIGH JUMP

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 POLE VAULT

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17
THROWING
 SHOT PUT

 DISCUS THROW

18
 HAMMER THROW

19
JAVELIN THROW

20
 TRACK FIELD

Middle- Long-
Sprints Hurdles Relays Jumps Throws
distance distance

60 m hurdles
100 m
hurdles Long jump Shot put
60 m 4 × 100 m
800 m 110 m Triple Discus throw
100 m 5000 m relay
1500 m hurdles jump Hammer
200 m 10,000 m 4 × 400 m
3000 m 400 m High jump throw
400 m relay
hurdles Pole vault Javelin throw
3000 m
steeplechase

GRANDSTAND
the main seating area, usually roofed, commanding the best view
for spectators at racetracks or sports stadiums.

21
BASKETBALL

BADMINTON

22
TENNIS

VOLLEYBALL

23
FOOTBALL

24
AQUATIC STADIUM
Conforms to regulated dimensions that are large enough for international
competition. This type. of swimming pool is used in the Olympic Games, where
the race course is 50 meters (164.0 ft) in length, typically referred to as "long
course", distinguishing it from "short course" which applies to competitions in
pools that are 25 meters (82.0 ft) in length. If touch panels are used in
competition, then the distance between touch panels should be either 25 or 50
meters to qualify for FINA recognition. This means that Olympic pools are
generally oversized, to accommodate touch panels used in competition.

25
DEPTH: 2 m (6 ft 7 in) minimum, 3 m (9 ft 10 in) recommended.
CHAPTER II
SPORTS VENUES AND FACILITIES

CHAPTER III
SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE OF REGION 6

Western Visayas is an administrative region in the Philippines, numerically

designated as Region VI. It consists of six provinces (Aklan, Antique, Capiz,
Guimaras, Iloilo and Negros Occidental) and two highly urbanized cities (Bacolod
and Iloilo City). The regional center is Iloilo City. The region is dominated by the
native speakers of four Visayan languages: Hiligaynon, Kinaray-a, Aklanon and
Capiznon. The land area of the region is 20,794.18 km2 (8,028.68 sq mi), and
with a population of 7,954,723 inhabitants, it is the second most populous region
in the Visayas after Central Visayas.
On May 29, 2015, the region was realigned, when Western Visayas (Region VI)
lost both the province of Negros Occidental and the highly urbanized city of
Bacolod to the newly formed Negros Island Region. However, the region was
dissolved, resulting in the return of Negros Occidental and Bacolod to Western
Visayas Region on August 9, 2017.

26
 Political Map of Western Visayan and its Location in the Philippines

Geography
Western Visayas consists of the major island of Panay and the smaller
Guimaras, as well as several outlying islands. It also includes the western half of
the larger island of Negros. The region is bordered to the north by the Sibuyan
Sea, northeast by the Visayan Sea, east by the province of Negros Oriental in
Central Visayas, south by the Iloilo Strait and Panay Gulf, and west by the Sulu
Sea.

Administrative divisions
Provinces
Western Visayas consists of 6 provinces, 2 highly urbanized cities, 14
component cities, 117 municipalities and 4,051 barangays.

Munici
Province Capital Population (2020)[ Area Density Cities - Brgy
palities

Aklan Kalibo 7.7% 615,475 1,760.30 350 0 17 327

San Jose
de
Antique 7.7% 612,974 2,730.67 220 0 18 590
Buenavist
a

Capiz Roxas 10.1% 804,952 2,594.64 310 1 16 473

27
Guimaras Jordan 2.4% 187,842 611.87 310 0 5 98

Iloilo Iloilo City 25.8% 2,051,899 4,997.64 410 1 42 1,721

Negros Bacolod
33.0% 2,623,172 7,844.12 330 12 19 601
Occidental City

Bacolod - 7.6% 600,783 160.71 3,700 - - 61

Iloilo City - 5.8% 457,626 78.34 5,800 - - 180

7,954,72
Total 20,778.29 380 16 117 4,051
3

 † Bacolod City and Iloilo City are highly urbanized cities; figures are excluded from Negros
Occidental and Iloilo respectively.
 On May 23, 2005, Executive Order 429 ordered Palawan and the independent city of Puerto
Princesa transferred from Region IV-B to Region VI. But on August 19, 2005, Administrative
Order 129 ordered the transfer held in abeyance.

Tourism
1. Boracay
 Boracay is a resort island in the Western Visayas region of the
Philippines, located 0.8 kilometers (0.50 mi) off the northwest coast of
Panay. It has a total land area of 10.32 square kilometers (3.98 sq mi),
under the jurisdiction of three barangays in Malay, Aklan, and had a
population of 37,802 in 2020.

2. Ignito Cave, Barauanga

 Locally known as Elephant Cave due to its appearance. Beautiful
limestone formation of stalagmites, stalactites and other crystalline
forms abound. It has a skylight in one of its chamber that lets in a soft
glow of light in noon time.

28
3. Bugang River
 Declared the cleanest body of water in the whole – where rafting and
river boating can be experienced. This is the most developed tourism
area with a tour package. Libertad is famous for its bariw mat and bag
weaving.

4. Birthplace of Manuel Roxas, Roxas City

 Located in the city proper; a two-storey hardwood stone house of the
First President of the Third Philippine Republic President Manuel
Roxas, now a historical shrine.

5. Ang Panubli-On (Roxas City Museum)

 Originally built in 1910 as a water tank; it now stands as a museum. It
has memorabilia of Illustrious sons and daughters of Roxas City;
collections of religious icons, artifacts artworks.

6. Moro Tower

29
  The Moro Towers were built by the Spanish authorities in 1814 to
protect the province from marauding Moros and Portuguese pirates.
They were built from black pebbles and once stood up to 20 ft high.

7. The Ruins
 The Ruins in Talisay City, Negros Occidental is what remained of the
grand mansion that Don Mariano Lacson built, following the death of
his first wife, Maria Braga. Today, it is a tourist attraction for its
romantic, yet strong structures. Many interesting tales and facts lie
within the walls and posts that remained of the Ruins.

8. Mt. Kanlaon
 Kanlaon, also known as Mount Kanlaon and Kanlaon Volcano, is an
active stratovolcano and the highest mountain on the island of Negros
in the Philippines, as well as the highest point in the Visayas, with an
elevation of 2,465 m above sea level. Mount Kanlaon ranks as the
42nd-highest peak of an island in the world.

30
 ENCLOSURES
OTHER MULTI-PURPOSE SPORTS COMPLEX

1. New Clark City Sports Complex, Philippines

31
New Clark City Stadium is located in Tarlac, Philippines which is about 120
kilometers away from Manila. This Stadium is the only IAAF certified athletics
stadium in the Philippines & central hub of the 30th SEA games in November.
Aimed at the rebirth of Philippine sports, the New Clark City Government
Administrative Centre has a vision to cultivate a sports city in the heart of New
Clark City. New Clark City Stadium is a 20,000-seater capacity athletics stadium
ready for the 30th Southeast Asian Games 2019. Check upcoming New Clark
City Stadium events & shows in New Clark City Sports Complex Facilities. The
Philippine Sports Commission revealed their plans to build this sports hub at New
Clark City after Filipino weightlifter Hidilyn Diaz clinched the silver medal in Rio
de Janeiro, Brazil.

32
New Clark City Sports Complex Athletics Stadium

New Clark City Sports Complex Aquatic Center

New Clark City Sports Complex Athletes Village

33
 2. Morodok Techo National Sports Complex, Cambodia

Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen in August 2012 approved the creation of an
inter-ministerial committee to manage the construction of the Morodok Techo
National Sports Complex in a 94 hectares (230 acres) lot in Phnom Penh. Parts
of the Boeung Pong Peay lake were reclaimed for the construction of the facility.
According to the National Olympic Committee of Cambodia, the sports complex
would be the country's first "modern multipurpose and international standard
sports facility".[1] Costing around $200 million, the sports complex's construction
which began in April 2013 was funded by the Chinese government.
Phase 1 of the complex's construction was completed on April 4, 2017 with the
inauguration of the Indoor Stadium and Aquatics Center. It also marked the
beginning of phase 2 which saw the groundbreaking ceremony for the National
Stadium.

34
 Morodok Techo National Sports Complex Stadium

Morodok Techo National Sports Complex Aquatic Center

Morodok Techo National Sports Complex Indoor Sports Center

35
 3. Azadi Sport Complex, Iran

The Āzādi Sport Complex, formerly known as Āryāmehr Sports Complex, is the
national sports complex of Iran based in Tehran. The Azadi Stadium is located
within the walls of this complex. It was designed by Abdol-Aziz Mirza
Farmanfarmaian along with the San Francisco office of Skidmore, Owings &
Merill, and constructed by Iran's Arme Construction Company.
The complex was initially built for the 1974 Asian Games, with a future Olympic
Games bid in mind. A year later it was showcased as Tehran's short-lived bid to
host the 1984 Summer Olympics. In 2013, global media reports acknowledged
Azadi Sports Complex as one of the top 20 stadiums worldwide.

36
 Azadi Sport Complex Stadium

Azadi Sport Complex Indoor Complex

37
 4. Hangzhou Olympic Sports Expo Center

The Hangzhou Olympic Sports Expo Center or Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center
is a multipurpose sports complex in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
It was completed in 2018 and it is used mostly for soccer matches. The main
stadium was designed with a capacity of 80,000 spectators.
The stadium is built by NBBJ in partnership with CCDI. The stadium is built on a
site consisting of 60,000 square meters (650,000 sq ft) on the Qiantang
riverfront, opposite Hangzhou's Qianjiang New City Central Business District.
Hangzhou is scheduled to host the 2022 Asian Games, with the men's football
Final and the 2022 Asian Para Games in September–October 2023.

38
 Hangzhou Olympic Sports Expo Center Stadium

Hangzhou Olympic Sports Expo Center Tennis Center

Hangzhou Olympic Sports Expo Center Gymnasium & Natatorium

39
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