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CFT Full Form - Complement Fixation Test

The full form of CFT is Complement Fixation Test, a traditional blood serum diagnostic analysis used to identify antibodies in serum samples. Developed in 1909, it primarily diagnoses diseases by assessing the fixation of complement to antigen-antibody complexes, indicating the presence of specific antibodies. CFT is advantageous for simultaneously detecting various viral and bacterial infections and is considered cost-effective.

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CFT Full Form - Complement Fixation Test

The full form of CFT is Complement Fixation Test, a traditional blood serum diagnostic analysis used to identify antibodies in serum samples. Developed in 1909, it primarily diagnoses diseases by assessing the fixation of complement to antigen-antibody complexes, indicating the presence of specific antibodies. CFT is advantageous for simultaneously detecting various viral and bacterial infections and is considered cost-effective.

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qnk9wbrsy9
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CFT Full Form

What is the full form of CFT?

The full form of CFT is the Complement Fixation


Test. It is one of the key traditional tests that is
blood serum diagnostic analysis used to identify an
antibody in the serum samples of a person
depending on whether or not fixation exists. To
diagnose diseases, CFT is primarily used. In 1909, it
was developed by Wasserman. At the start, it was
commonly used during syphilis serology.

A protein known as globulin found in normal


blood serum is a complement.

It binds to the antigen-antibody (Ag-Ab)


immune complex produced during the
antigen-antibody reaction.

Fixation of the complement to the complex


results in lysis of the cell upon which the Ag-
AB complex is developed.

So, when a complement participates in


complexes of antigen-antibody, it is fixed or
attached to the complex of antigen-antibody.

The complement induces the lysis of the


concerned cells while the complex is on
bacteria, red blood cells, or other cells.

In the presence of a specific antibody that


fixes the supplement to the cell surface, the
terminal elements of the complement harm
the cell membranes.

As the target cell erythrocytes are used in the


CFT, complementary induced cell membrane
harm can be assessed as an increase in free
haemoglobin.

When specific antibodies are found in the


blood serum in reaction to an infectious
agent, a compliment in the process is
attached to the Ag-Ab group, allowing no
leftover complement to respond with
antibodies belonging to the erythrocytes, so
there will be no hemolysis.

The lack of hemolysis, therefore, indicated the


existence in the blood serum of particular
antibodies.

It means that the specific antibody is not


found in the blood serum if hemolysis
develops.

Advantages of CFT
It can simultaneously detect a huge
proportion of viral and bacterial infections.

It is a cost-effective analysis.

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