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The document outlines the differences between developed and developing countries, highlighting factors such as industrialization, income levels, literacy rates, and infrastructure. It also discusses how individual perceptions of development vary based on personal circumstances and aspirations, as well as the existence of conflicting developmental goals. Additionally, it emphasizes that while income is a significant criterion for development, other factors like education, gender discrimination, and quality of life are also crucial.

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3 views

Hots

The document outlines the differences between developed and developing countries, highlighting factors such as industrialization, income levels, literacy rates, and infrastructure. It also discusses how individual perceptions of development vary based on personal circumstances and aspirations, as well as the existence of conflicting developmental goals. Additionally, it emphasizes that while income is a significant criterion for development, other factors like education, gender discrimination, and quality of life are also crucial.

Uploaded by

kamalaprv
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hots (Higher Order Thinking Skills)

Q. 1. Mention the differences between developed countries and developing


countries.
Ans. Comparison Chart
Basis Developed Countries Developing Countries

Definition A country having an effective A country which has a slow


rate of industrialisation and rate of industrialisation and
individual income. low per capita income.

Status Independent and Prosperous Dependent and impoverished

Available Resources Effectively utilised Ineffectively utilized


Dependency Self-contained and flourished Dependent and emerging to
be developed.
Literacy Rate High Low
Infrastructure High standard of living and a Moderate standard of living in
better environment in terms terms of health and safety.
of health and safety.
Growth High Industrial Growth. They rely on the developed
countries for their growth.
Rates Low infant mortality rate, High infant mortality rate,
death rate and birth rate death rate and birth rate, along
while high life expectancy with low life expectancy rate.
rate.
Poverty and Low High
Unemployment
Generates more revenue Industrial sector Service sector
from
Distribution of Income Equal Unequal

HDI (Human Development High Low


Index)
GDP High Low

Q. 2. Why do different persons have different notions of development. Explain.


Ans. It is because the life situations of persons are different.
People seek things that are most important for them or that which can fulfil their
aspirations or desires.
For example: The developmental goals of a boy from a rich urban family would be to
get admission in a reputed college, whereas the developmental goals of a girl from a
rich urban family would be to get as much freedom as her brother.
Q. 3. ‘‘Conflicting goals can be developmental goals”. Elaborate with examples.
Ans. At times, two persons or group of persons may seek things which are conflicting.
A girl expects as much freedom and opportunity as her brother, and that he also shares
in the household work. Her brother may not like this.
Similarly, to get more electricity, industrialists may want more dams. But this may
submerge the land and disrupt the lives of people, who are displaced, such as the
tribals.
Q. 4. ‘‘Average income is an important criterion for development’’. Justify.
Ans. To check the criterion for the development of countries, their income is considered
to be one of the most important attributes.
Countries with higher income are more developed than others with less income.
This is based on the understanding that more income means more of all the things that
human beings need. Whatever people like, and should have, they will be able to get
with greater income.
So, greater income itself is considered to be one important goal.
Q. 5. ‘‘Girls in India in the rural sector are sometimes not able to get secondary
level education’’. Give three reasons for the statement.
Ans. (i) Gender discrimination: India is a male dominating society. Particularly in rural
areas, girl child is discriminated against male child and are not even sent for education.
(ii) Poverty: Due to wide-spread poverty in rural areas, people want girls to help in the
household work, look after their siblings and do all household chores.
(iii) Distance: Secondary schools are not found in all the villages of India, therefore,
they don’t prefer their girls to go to distances like nearby village merely for education.
Q. 6. Explain any three examples of what factors other than income are important
aspects of our lives.
Ans. Money in your pocket cannot buy all the goods and services that you may need to
live well.
(i) Money cannot buy us pollution-free environment.
(ii) Money cannot buy us a disease-free life and might not be able to get protection from
infectious disease.
(iii) Besides money, people also like to have equal treatment in the society, freedom,
dignity and honour in their lives, which money cannot buy them.

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