PRE-BOARD -| - 2024-25

CLASS: XII
SUBJECT: PHYSICS (042)

Maximum Marks: 70
Time allowed: 3 Hours
Name: Roll N0: Section:

General Instructions:

1. There are 33 questions in all. Allquestions are compulsory.

2. This Question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section
E.

3. Allthe sections are compulsory.

4. Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQs and four Assertion Reasoning based
questions of 1mark each, Section B contains five questions of two marks each, Section C
contains seven questions of three marks each, Section Dcontains two case study-based
questions of four marks cach and section Econtains three long answer questions of five marks
each.

5. There is no overallchoice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question in
section B, one question in section C, one question in each CBQ in section D and all three
questions in section E. You have to attempt onlyone of the choices in such questions.
6. Use of calculators is not allowed.

Section -A (16x1-16)
Q1. Thcpotential difference between points A and B, as shown in the 12V
given circuit, is
(a) 6V 6) 8 V
(c) 9 V (d) 12 V

6V
Q2. Asquare shect of side 'a' lies parallel to the XY plane at z a. The clectrie field in the region is given 1
by E cz? k. The clectric flux through the sheet is
()a'c ();a'e (c) ac (d) O

Q3. complete
InFig (a),circle
apositive charge Qis placed at a point and a unit test charge q moves along path in a I
around Q. In Fig (b), Il and ll represent the paths along which a unit test charge is
moved from point Ato Bin the presence of an electrostatic field.
Which of the following statements incorrectly deseribes the work done in moving the unit test charge
in the presence of an clectric field in this context?

OP/PB-1 EXAM /CLASS-XI|/ PHYSICS/SET-A/2024-25 Page 1of 8

 B
(a) The work done along path I is zero.
(b) The total work done along path II and
then along B -C-A is zero.
() The work done along path II ismore than
the work done along path III.
(d) The total work done along path III and
then along B -C-A is equal to the total
work done along path II and then along B - (b)
C-A.
1
Q4. Which of the following graphs
correctly represents the variation of B BA
magnetic field induction with 2.
1
distance due to a thin wire carrying
current?
(a) 1
(b) 2 B
(c) 3 3 4.
(a) 4

from 10A to 1
O5. The self-induced emf of a coil is 25 volts. When the current flowing through it changes
25 A in ls, the change in the energy of the inductance is -
(b) 740 J (c)637.5 J (d) 540 J
(a) 437.5J
would be the focal length 1
Q6. A convex lens (lg = 1.5) has a focal length of 8cm when placed in air. What
of the lens when it is immersed in water? (u w=1.3)
(b) 4 cm (c) 26 cm (d) 32 cm
(a) 2 m

07. In Bohr's atomic model, the total energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom is -3.4
eV. The angular 1
momentum about the nucleus of the atomn is 2h 4h
(b)2 (c) (d)
(a) T

Q8. The mass defect of He is 0.03 u. The binding energy per nucleon of helium (in MeV) is-(1u- 931me
(3 6.9825 (b)27.93
(c) 2.793 (d) 69.825
1
Q9. A light ray incident normally on one of the faces of a triangular prism
follows the path as shown in the figure, then the angle of refraction rz at
the second face is
(a) 30° (b) 90°
(c) 60° (d) 45°
 1
Q10. An ideal resistor R, inductor L and capacitor C
along with AC voltmeters, Vi, V2, V3 and V4 are
connected to an ACsource as shown in the figure. C
At resonance R
(a) Reading in V3 = Reading in Vi
(b) Reading in VË = Reading in V2
(c), Reading in V2= Reading in V4
() Reading in V2= Reading in V3 V3

Q11. Vandana performs Young's double slit experiment by using orange, green and red light successively. 1
If the fringe widths measured in the three cases are o1, @2 and o3 respectively, then which of the
following is correct?
(a) 02> @1>03 (b) o1> 02> 03
(c) 02> 03 > 01 (d) o;> o1>02

Q12. Asmallbar magnet placed with its axis at 30° toan external magnetic fieldof 0.06Texpericnces a 1
torque of 0.018 Nm. The minimum work required to rotate it from its stable to unstable equilibrium
position is
(a) 9.2 x 10J (b) 6.4 x 10J
(c) 7.2 x 102 J (d) 11.7 x 103 J
For questions 13 to 16, two statements are given-one labelled Assertion(A) and the other labelled
Reason (R). Select thecorrect answer to these questions from the options (a), (b), (c) and (d) as
given below.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true but Reason isfalse.
(d)If both Assertion and Reason are false.

Q13. ASSERTION (A)- In photoelectric effect, the kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectrons increases
with an increase in the intensity of incident light.
REASON (R) - Photoelectric current depends on the wavelength of the incident light.
Q14. ASSERTION (A) - A proton and an electron enter a uniform magnetic field B with the same
momentump such that p is perpendicular to B. They describe circular paths of the same radius.
REASON (R)- In a magnetic field, orbital radius r is given by qB A

015. ASSERTION (A) - In the interference and diffraction of light, light energy reduces in one region 1
producing a dark fringe. It increases in another region, produces a bright fringe.
REASON (R)This happens because energy is not conserved in the phenomena of interference and
diffraction.
016 ASSERTION (A) If a feromagnetic substance is inserted between the turns of a
coefficient of self-induction L will increase. solenoid, the 1
REASON (R- By increasing the cuTent in a coil, its coefficient of self-induction can be increased.

Section - B (5x2=10)
O17. (a)Draw energy band diagrams to distinguish between a metal and an insulator.
2
 (soitch)
considering an ideal diode, under
(b)ln the given diagram,
what conditions will the bulb glow?
(1)When the switch is opened. (Butb)
Justify your answer in each
(ii) When the switch is closed.
case.

Calculate the energy released/absorbed in the following nuclear reaction

Q18.
12C + 3c ’ 7Ne + He (Ne) 19.992439 u, m(SHe)-4.002603 u
Given m (c) =12.000000 u, m
and l u =931 MeV/c
B, each of radius 3 m, are placed coaxially at a distance of4 m. They carry 2
Q19. Two circular loops, A and directions respectively. Find the magnitude of net magnetic
currents of 3A and 2 A in the opposite
field at the centre of loop A.

magnetized needle P is placed at the origin of the X-Y plane with its magnetic moment pointing 2
Q20. A small placed in two positions, one by one:
along the Y-axis. Another identical magnetized needle Q is
Case 1-at (a,0), with its magnetic moment pointing along the X-axis.
Y-axis.
Case 2 - at (0,a), with its magnetic moment pointing along the
minimum?
(a) In which case is the potential energy of P and Q
answers.
(b)In which case are P and Q in equilibrium? Justify your
sphere of radius 0.2 m. Find the potential at: (i) the 2
Q21. A charge of 6 uC is given to a hollow metallic
surface and (ii) the centre of the sphere.
OR
Three-point charges q, 2q and nq are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle. If the potential
ofn.
energy of the system is zero, find the value
Section-C (7x3-21)

State Huygens' principle. A plane wavefront is incident at an angle i on a reflecting surface. By 3

Q22. reflected wavefront. Using this diagram, prove
drawing a suitable diagram,construct the correspondingincidence.
that the angle of reflection is equal to the angle of
3
electromagnetic wave in a medium depend?
Q23. (a) On what factors does the speed of an
(b) How is an electromagneticwave produced?
fields of an electromagnetic wave
(c) Sketch a schematic diagram depicting the electric and magnetic
propagating along the z- axis.
field at a point on the equatorial 3
Q24. (a) By drawing a suitable diagram, derive an expression for the electric
plane of an clectric dipole consisting charges q and -q separated by a distance 2a.
halved. How will the
(b) The istance ofa far-off point on the equatorial plane of an electric dipole is
electric field be affected for the dipole?

Page 4 of 8
QP/ PB-1 EXAM /CLASS-XII /PHYSICS/SET-A/2024-25
 radiiR
Q25. (a) Two coplanar concentric circular loops of 20 cn

and r (< < R) are arranged coaxially. Obtain an

expression for their mutual inductance.
20 cmn

0
(b) A square loop of side 20 cm starts moving at t = X

with a velocity of5 cm/s towards a region of uniform 40 cm

magnetic field, as shown in the figure. Specify the time
interval(s) during which an induced emf is produced in
the loop.
3
026. (a) Differentiate between the distance of closest approach' and the impact parameter'.
(b) Determine the distance of closest approach when an alpha particle of kinetic energy 3.95 MeV
approaches a nucleus with Z=79, stops and reverses its direction.
OR
(a) State three postulates of Bohr's theory of bydrogen atom.
(b) If a hydrogen atom is in its third excited state, how many spectral lines can it emit before coming
to the ground state? Show these transitions in the energy level diagram.

027. Two slabs of dielectric constants 2K and K fill the space 3

between the plates ofa parallel plate capacitor of plate area
A and plate separation d, as shown in the figure. Find an
expression for capacitance of the system.
2K K

Q28. (a)What are coherent sources of light? Can twoindependent sodium lamps act as coherent sources? 3
Explain.
(b)A beam of light consisting of a known wavelength 520 nm and an unknown wavelength A, in
Young's double slit experiment, produces two interference patterns such that the fourth bright fringe
of the unknown wavelength coincides with the fifth bright fringe of the known wavelength. Find the
value of.

Section -D(2x4-8)
Case Study Based Questions
Q29. Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow.
According to Faraday's law of clectromagnetic induction, an EMF is induced in the secondary winding
due to changes in the magnetic field generated by the primary winding. If the circuit of this secondary
winding is closed, a current will flow through it. This is the basic working principle of a transformer.
A transformer that increases the voltage from the primary to secondary windings is defined as a
up transformer. Conversely, a transformer that decreases the voltage from the
step
primary to secondary
windings is defined as a step-down transformer.
An ideal transformer is not very practical. This is because, in open air, only a very
small portion of the
flux produced by the first coil will link with the second coil. Therefore, the
current flowing through
the closed circuit connected to the secondary winding will be extremely smalland
difficult to measure.
 with the secondary winding.
flux linked
linkage depends upon the amountof the secondary winding. This is
flux link to
The rate ofchange of flux of the primary winding should which provides a low-reluctance
ldeally, almost all the transformer,
efficiently achieved by using acore-type
effectivelyand
windings.
path common to both
mains supply of220 V to 11 V. If the primary 1
used to reduce the efficiency of the transformer
() Astep-down transformer is secondary coil 90 A, the
coil draws a current of 5 A
and the
is
(c) 90% (dy45%
(a) 95% (b) 9%

600 kW at 220 V is situated 20 km away from a 1

small town with a power demand of
of the two-wire line carrying power
(ii) A
resistance
power plant generating power at 440 V. The
x 2

which
km. If the power is transmitted to the substation in the town at 12kV,
is 0.4 2 per
supplying to the town, Estimate the line power
the substation steps down to 220V before
loss during transmission in the form of heat.
(a) 400 kW (b) 40 kW (c) 600 kW (d) 60kW

220 V and the current is5 A. The

(ii) In a step-up transformer, the voltage in the primary coil is
losses)
secondary voltage is found to be 22000 V. The current in the secondary coil (neglect
is
(a) 5 A (b)50 A (c) 500 A (d) 0.05 A
OR
In atransformer 220 V AC voltage is increased to 2200 V. If the number of turns in the
secondary coil is 2000, then the number of turns in the primary coil will be
(a) 200 (b) 100 (c) 50 (d) 20

(iv) If the supply frequency of a transformer increases, the secondary output voltage of the
transformer will
(a) increase (b) decrease (c)remain the same (d) become zero

Q30. Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow.
When a photon strikes a metallic surface, it interacts with an atom in the metal and transfers all its
energy to one of the atom's clectrons. This electron may then escape through the electric field at the
surface, which retains less energetic electrons within the metal. The emerging electron thus has energy
cqual tothe energy of thephoton minus the energy lost in escaping the metal. Ø, the work function
of the surface, is a material-dependent constant. Since electrons also lose energy in collisions with
other electrons before emerging, we can only specify the maximum possible energy for an electron
liberated by light of frequency v from a metal. If the material's work function is v, this maximum
energy is given by Emax hv -Ø.
(1 Photons of 5.5 eV energy fall on the surface of the metal, emitting photoelectrons with
maximum kinetic energy of 4 eV. The stopping potential required for these electrons will 1
be
(a) 5.5 V (b)1.5 V (c) 9.5 V (d) 4 V

QP/ PB-1 EXAM /CLASS-XII/PHYSICs/SET-A2024-25 Page 6 of 8

 1
(i) Which of the following statements is NOT True?
(a) Electromagnetic radiation is made up of particles called photons.
(b) Each photon moves with the speed of light.
(c) Photon energy is dependent on the intensity of radiation.
(d) Photons are not deflected by electric and magnetic fields.

(ii) The threshold frequency for photoelectric effect on sodium corresponds to a wavelength of 1
5000Å. Its work function is- (h-6.6 x 10*4 Js)
(a) 4x10-19 J (b) 1J (c) 2x10-19 J (d) 14x1o-19 J

OR
Photoclectrons are emitted from a photosensitive surface for the light of wavelengths Ai
=360 nm and l, -600 nm. What is the ratio of the work functions for light of wavelengths
tog?
(a) 6:1 (b) 3:5 (c) 5:3 (d) 1:6
Stopping
Potential
(iv) 1
From the figure describing photoelectric effect, Na Al

we may infer correctly that

(a) Na and Al both have the same threshold
frequency.
(b) Maximum kinetic energy for both the metals
depends linearly on the frequency.
(c) The stopping potentials are different for Na
5 10
and Al for the same change in the frequency.
(d) Al is a better photo sensitive material than Frequency
Na.

Section - E (3x5 15)

Q31. (a)A ray of lightpases through atriangular prism. Show graphically, bow the angle of deviationvaries 5
with the angle of incidence? Hence define the angle of minimum deviation.
(b) A ray of light is incident normally on arefracting face of a prism with a prism angle A and suffers
a deviation of angle 8. Prove that the refractive index n of the material of the prismn is given by n =
sin(A+5)
sin A

(c) The refractive index of the material of the prism is V2. If the refracting angle of the prism is
60°,
find the (i) angle of minimum deviation, and (ii) angle of incidence.
OR

(a) Draw a labelled ray diagram of a compound microscope, showing

distance of distinct vision. Derive an expression for its magnifying power.image formation at the least
(b) A telescope consists of two lenses of focal length 100 cm and 5 cm. Find
when the final image is formed at infinity. the magnifying power

032. (a)What is meant by the 'relaxation time' for free clectrons in a conductor? Show that
the resistance 5
of a conductor can be expressed by R=- ml where
ne2 rA the symbols have their usual mcanings.

OP/PB-1 EXAM/CLASS-XIl / PHYSICS/SET-A/2024-25 Page 7 of 8

 ()1 battery with emt Band internal resistance r is
cometod in a cinvuit as sthown inthe figure. When
and
the key (K) is opened, the voltmeter reads 10 V
the amneter reads 0A. In the closed circuit, the
voltmeter reads V and the ammeter reads 2A.
Calculate K
() the emf otf the battery, R

(ii) the intemal resistance of the battery

() and
(ii) the external resistance.

OR
expression
(a) Detine drift velocity of electrons in a conductor connected across a battery also derive an
for it.
A
(b) The figure shows the variation in the drift velocity (va) of electrons
in twocopper wires, A and B, of different lengths versus the potential
diftierence (V) applied across their cnds. B
()What does the slope of the line represent?
(i)Which one of the two wires is longer? Justify mathematically. V

Q33. (a) Agernanium crystal is doped with antimony. With the help of an energy- band diagram, explain 5
how the conductivity of the doped crystal is affected.
(b) Briefly explain the two processes involved in the formation of a p-n junction diode.
(c) What willbe the effect of (i) forward biasing and (ii) reverse biasing on the width of the depletion
layer in a p-n junction diode?
OR
(a) With the help of a circuit diagram, briefly explain the working of a full wave rectifier using p-n
junction diodes.
(b) Draw the V-Icharacteristics ofa p-n junction diode. Explain how these characteristics make a diode
suitable for rectification.
(c) Carbon and silicon have the same lattice structure. Why, then, is carbon an insulator but silicon a
semiconductor?