7th edition Book 2 Ex 16A

7th edition Book 2 Ex 16A

7th edition Book 2 Ex 16A

Strong, negative Moderate, positive

Moderate, positive none

7th edition Book 2 Ex 16A

Answer: $7,000
7th edition Book 2 Ex 16B

Solution:

(i) (ii)

Hours Freuency (iii) 2 (mode)

1 5
2 8 (iv) 26
3 6
6
4 4 (v)
26
5 2
6 1 3
Sum: 26 =
13

(Please complete)
7th edition Book 2 Ex 16B

Solution:

(i)
(ii) 16 : 4

=4:1
(Please complete)
(iii) No, the most common number of fire
incidents is zero. 16 is the number of days
zero fire incidents took place.
7th edition Book 2 Ex 16B

Solution:

(i)

(Please complete.)

(ii) 2+1

= 3 days
7th edition Book 2 Ex 16B

Solution:

(i) (ii) 40
Time Frequency (iii) Sum of frequency = 30 + 40 + 60 + 20
(x hours) (students)
0≤x≤2 0 = 150 students
2≤x≤4 30 30+40
4≤x≤6 40 (iv)
150
× 100
6≤x≤8 60
8 ≤ x ≤ 10 20 = 46.7%
7th edition Book 2 Ex 16B

Solution:

(a)

(b) 90.9 belongs to 91 – 95 (c)

66.2 belongs to 61 – 65
81.5 belongs to 81 – 85
7th edition Book 2 Ex 16B

Solution:
Practice Question: Draw histogram for the following data:

Class interval Frequency

5.5 ≤ x < 7.5 14
7.5 ≤ x < 9 10
9 ≤ x < 11 13
11 ≤ x < 13.5 8
13.5 ≤ x < 18 20

Solution:

Class interval Frequency Class Width Frequency Density

𝑭𝒓𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒚
=
𝑪𝒍𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝑾𝒊𝒅𝒕𝒉
5.5 ≤ x < 7.5 14 2 7
7.5 ≤ x < 9 10 1.5 6.7
9 ≤ x < 11 13 2 6.5
11 ≤ x < 13.5 8 2.5 3.2
13.5 ≤ x < 18 20 4.5 4.4
7th edition Book 2 Ex 16B

Solution:

(i) (ii)
Time (x seconds) Tallies Frequency
50 ≤ x < 55 8
55 ≤ x < 60 4
60 ≤ x < 65 3
65 ≤ x < 70 4
70 ≤ x < 75 3

8
(iii) × 100
4+3
2
= 114 7 %
(iv) The times have been consistently reducing which
indicates gradual enhancement in performance. The
reason may be employment of better techniques and
carrying out more aggressive practice.
7th edition Book 2 Ex 16B

Solution:
Linkage between histogram and Frequency Polygon:

Frequency Polygon is constructed by joining the mid-points of the bars of histogram.

Cumulative Frequency

7th edition Book 4 Ex 4A Q2

(b) (i) 19 + 14 + 13 = 46
Solution: (ii) 46 + 28 + 24 = 98
(a) (iii) 98 + 63 = 161
 𝒏+𝟏 th
Median: middle value (of arranged data) is at the ( ) place.
𝟐

7th edition Book 2 Ex 17B

Q8. The median of eight numbers is 4.5. Given that seven of the numbers are 9, 2, 3, 4, 12, 13 and 1,
find the eighth number.

Solution:
8+1 th
Median is at the ( ) place. 4.5th place means in the middle of 4th and 5th place.
2

Since the median is 4.5, therefore, the eighth number, say x, is greater than 4.

By arranging the data, we see that 4 is at the 4th place, therefore x is at the 5th.
4+𝑥
Hence, = 4.5
2

x = (4.5 × 2) - 4

x=5
Solution:
7th edition Book 2 Ex 17B (a) (i) Mean =
(30×4)+(31×5)+(32×9)+(33×7)+(34×4)+(35×1)
4+5+9+7+4+1
≈ $32.2

(ii) Total students = sum of frequencies

= 30
30+1 th
Median is at the ( ) place.
2
15.5th, that is, in the middle of 15th and 16th place
Weekly Frequency Cumulative
allowance ($) Frequency
30 4 4
31 5 9
32 9 18
33 7 25
34 4 29
35 1 30
th th
At 15 and 16 place, the data is 32.
Hence, median = $32.
(iii) Mode from a histogram = tallest bar
Hence, modal allowance = $32
18
(b)
30
3
=
5
7th edition Book 2 Ex 17B (iii) Solving x + y = 18 and
x + 3y = 30 simultaneously:

x = 18 – y, replacing in x + 3y = 30

18 – y + 3y = 30

2y = 30 – 18
12
y=
2

y=6

Hence, x = 18 – 6

x = 12

(b) (i)
Solution:
Pets students ( f ) cumulative
(a) (i) Total number of students is 40, therefore: frequency
2 12 12
x + 2 + y + 6 + 14 = 40
4 2 14
x + y + 22 = 40 6 6 20
8 6 26
x + y = 40 - 22 10 14 40
40+1 th
x + y = 18 Median is at the ( ) place.
2

2𝑥+(4×2)+6𝑦+(8×6)+(10×14) 20.5th, which means, in the middle of

(ii) Mean =
40 20th and 21st place.
2𝑥+6𝑦+196
6.4 = 20th place: 6
40
21st place: 8
(6.4×40) – 196 = 2(x+3y)
6+8
60 Hence, median =
= x + 3y 2
2
=7
x + 3y = 30
(ii) Mode: Data with highest frequency

Hence, mode = 10
7th edition Book 2 Ex 17B

Solution:
x is the frequency of 3, that is, the number
of times 3 exists in the data.
Hence, 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 3…
(a) Since 2 is the median, it means the
number of data before it, that is seven, is
equal to the number of data after it.
Hence, x = 7.

(b) If median is 1, the following cases are possible:

0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 3 3 3
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 3 3 3 3
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 3 3 3 3 3
Hence x = 3, 4 or 5
7th edition Book 2 Ex 17B

Solution:
(0×4)+(1×6)+(2×3)+3𝑥+(4×3)+(5×2)
(a) Mean =
4+6+3+𝑥+3+2
34+3𝑥
2.2 =
18+𝑥
2.2 × (18+x) = 34 + 3x
39.6 + 2.2x = 34 + 3x
2.2x – 3x = 34 – 39.6
−5.6
x=
−0.8
x=7
(b) x is the frequency of 3, that is, the number of times 3 exists in the data.
Since 2 is the median, it means the number of values before it should be equal to the number of
values after it. The following cases are possible:
000011111122233344455 x=3
0000111111222333344455 x=4
00001111112223333344455 x=5
000011111122233333344455 x=6
0000111111222333333344455 x=7
Hence, the greatest possible value of x is 7.
(c) mode = data with highest frequency
If 3 is the mode, its frequency has to be greater than 6. Hence, the smallest possible value of x is 7.
 Quartiles: Percentiles:
𝑛 𝑜𝑟 ∑𝑓 𝑛 𝑜𝑟 ∑𝑓
Place of Q1 (Lower quartile) = Place of P1 =
4 100
Q2 is the median. P50 is the median.
Place of Q3 (Upper quartile) = Place of Q1 × 3 Place of P67 = Place of P1 × 67

7th ed. Bk.4 Ex 4B

Solution:

(a) (b)
∑𝑓 300 ∑𝑓 300
(i) Place of median = 2
= 2
= 150th employee (i) Place of P1 = 100 = 100 = 3rd
From the graph, median = $97 Place of 20th percentile = 3rd ×20 = 60th employee
∑𝑓 300 From the graph, P20 = $85
Place of lower quartile Q1 : = = 75th employee
4 4
(ii) Place of 90th percentile P90 = 3rd ×90 = 270th employee
From the graph, Q1 = $88
From the graph, P90 = $110
Place of upper quartile Q3 : 75th × 3 = 225th employee
From the graph, Q3 = $105
(ii) 105 – 88 = $17
7th ed. Bk.4 Ex 4B

(a)
∑𝑓 500
(i) Place of median = 2
= 2
= 250th cadet

From the graph, median = 50

∑𝑓 500
(ii) Place of P1 = 100 = 100 = 5th

Place of 70th percentile = 5th ×70 = 350th cadet

From the graph, P70 = 60
∑𝑓 500
(iii) Place of lower quartile Q1 = 4
= 4

= 125th cadet
From the graph, Q1 = 33
Place of upper quartile Q3 = 125th × 3
= 375th cadet
From the graph, Q3 = 62
Inter-quartile range: 62 – 33 = 29 marks
(iv) From the graph: 195 cadets
60
(v) × 500 = 300 cadets
100

From the graph: 44 marks

(b) School A: 500 – 430 = 70 cadets

70
× 100 = 14%
500

School B: 500 – 355 = 145 cadets

145
× 100 = 29%
500

(c) Agreed
Reason 1:
The minimum marks of School A is 0 while
that of School B are 10.
Reason 2:
Reference to the results obtained in part (b),
more students achieved distinction grades in
School B
 {
{

On the x-axis:
10 marks are represented by 5 small boxes.
10
Hence, 1 small box represents = 2 marks.
5
On the y-axis:
50 cadets are represented by 5 small boxes.
50
Hence, 1 small box represents = 10 cadets.
5
7th ed. Bk.4 Ex 4B Q11 - Discrete (countable) data:

Solution:
(a) (i) Range = Highest value – Lowest value
= 100 – 16
= 84
Lower half Upper half
(ii and iii) 16 21 23 37 50 53 65 80 81 100

Q1 median Q3
50+53
= 51.5
2
Interquartile range = Q3 – Q1
= 80 – 23
= 57

(b) (i) Range = Highest value – Lowest value

= 308 – 79
= 229
Lower half Upper half
(ii and iii) 79 99 103 110 114 121 171 198 200 235 308

Q1 median Q3

Interquartile range = Q3 – Q1
= 200 – 103
= 97
7th ed. Bk.4 Ex 4B

Solution:
(a)
60
Place of median: = 30th
2

From the graph, median = 13

60
Place of Q1: = 15th
4

Place of Q3: 15th × 3 = 45th

But since the graph is for more than,
therefore Q1 and Q3 will swap places.
Hence, from the graph:
From the graph, Q1 = 10, and Q3 = 15.25
Interquartile range = 15.25 – 10
= 5.25
(b) Not more than 15 means 15 or lesser.
From the graph, 16 clients waited for more
than 15 minutes. Hence, 60 – 16 = 44
clients waited for 15 minutes or lesser.
44
× 100 = 73.3%
60
On the x-axis:
2.5 minutes are represented by 5 small boxes.
2.5
Hence, 1 small box represents = 0.5 minutes.
5
On the y-axis:
10 clients are represented by 5 small boxes.
10
Hence, 1 small box represents = 2 clients.
5
(c)
more than (mins) Number of clients equal to or less than (mins) Number of clients
2.5 58 2.5 60 – 58 = 2
5 56 5 60 – 56 = 4
7.5 52 7.5 60 – 52 = 8
10 45 10 60 – 45 = 15
12.5 34 12.5 60 – 34 = 26
15 16 15 60 – 15 = 44
17.5 6 17.5 60 – 6 = 54
20 0 20 60 – 0 = 60

The intersection point represents median.