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GSM Based Heart Rhythm Monitoring System Using ECG

Article · August 2023

DOI: 10.46610/JDICED.2023.v08i02.004

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 Journal of Volume-8, Issue-2 (May-August, 2023)
Digital Integrated Circuits in Electrical Devices

www.matjournals.com https://doi.org/10.46610/JDICED.2023.v08i02.004

GSM Based Heart Rhythm Monitoring System Using ECG

Kampara Ravisankar1*, Kantubhukta Dinesh2, Majji Satish3, B. Ram Varaprasad4, K.Vedaprakash5
1
Associate Professor, 2-5Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
Lendi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jonnada, Andhra Pradesh, India
*
Corresponding Author: [email protected]

Received Date: July 26, 2023 Published Date: August 05, 2023

ABSTRACT care of them. Body Sensor network provides

In today's fast-paced society, the human body large portability to detect anomalies in the
is becoming more susceptible to heart-related patient and may indicate the future risk to the
ailments, and the number of fatalities from patient’s health. Hence, IoT and Sensor concept
heart disease is increasing. This project is used for the measurement of ECG, etc. ECG
details the design and development of a GSM- sensors are available. In this system, we are
based cardiac rhythm monitoring system. The using AD8232 Sensor to detect biological
existing model uses a Wi-Fi module to send parameters and processes along with Arduino
data, but this is only feasible in Wi-Fi-enabled and other hardware components integrated with
regions. Therefore, data cannot be the software system to display the data to the
communicated where the internet is not user.
accessible. As a result, GSM is recommended
as a solution. This heart-monitoring device LITERATURE SURVEY
detects numerous physiological and
pathological cardiac problems. This heart A System related to ECG and pulse
monitoring equipment also detects whether he sensors is implemented for designing a
or she has any cardiac issues. This is wristband to detect heart diseases and avail
accomplished by measuring the heart rate. medical help [1]. The system contains a smart
Electrocardiography is used to make this wristband using Bluetooth devices for
diagnosis (ECG). The ECG monitors the communication. This prototype is mainly using
heart's rhythm. In this system, Arduino and Lilypad Arduino and Android Applications.
ECG sensor is used to scan the ECG signal Moreover, an application called ECG analytics is
and look for patterns in the common range. used for data collection from the sensor [2]. A
Arduino processes the measured data from prototype where ECG and DHT11 sensors are
the sensor. The processed data is sessnt to the used. Here, the data collected from the sensors
Cloud through G.S.M in real-time. The user are sent to NodeMcu for processing and then to
may access the ECG graph on the cloud from the mobile application through the Wi-Fi
anywhere in the world. In the future, the module. The Android application will alert the
proposed GSM-based ECG system reduces user whenever the heartbeat is abnormal [3]. The
healthcare costs and improve the accessibility heart rate analysis for subjects belonging to the
of healthcare equipment. age group of 20-80 years is carried out. The
heart-rate data is obtained from the fingertip by
Keywords- Arduino, Cloud, Electrocardiogram detecting the intensity of light through the
(ECG), Global system for mobile sensor. The data is processed and sent to the
communications (GSM), Monitoring system display unit. This data can be stored in a
memory card for maintaining the record of
patient data [4]. The system uses an IR sensor
INTRODUCTION incorporated with the hardware along with
Arduino. The signals are taken from the fingertip
Now a day many people are suffering using a ppg (photo-plethysmography) sensor.
from at least one disease and health The collected data is processed and displayed on
consciousness is also increasing. In hospitals, the the screen [5]. The system developed consists of
increase in patients becomes difficult to take a heart rate sensor, which can sense a person’s

26 Page 26-32 © MAT Journals 2023. All Rights Reserved

 Journal of Volume-8, Issue-2 (May-August, 2023)
Digital Integrated Circuits in Electrical Devices

www.matjournals.com https://doi.org/10.46610/JDICED.2023.v08i02.004

heart pulse and send it to the server for data others could be very hard nowadays. It calls for
analysis and to the user/physician. Data a person's strength to monitor. If in case the
transmission is possible through IOT devices. individual is careless or engaged in one-of-a-
The proposed system can be attached to the wrist kind paintings or tiredness they can monitor. So,
[6]. The pulse sensor detects the heartbeat and in this situation dying is likewise feasible. In this
sends data to NodeMcu, which sends data to the task embedded technology has been used. The
cloud and to the Android application. The fitness parameters are being measured by using
patient and doctor can view the data in the unique kinds of sensors. The ECG senses the
application. The designed system is used for information from men or women, and then the
measuring the electrical activity of the heart sensor reading data will be sent to the web server
using three lead electrodes [7]. The data via GSM/GPRS Module to monitor values in the
obtained is then further processed to reduce the cloud.
noise. The study is conducted on different age’s
persons and the data is transmitted to the notch Advantages
filter for reducing noise (disturbance) of the
graph. This prototype consists of sensors,  Portable system.
instrumentation amplifiers, and notch filters for  Save the risk of heart attack as you can
further processing of the obtained data [8]. The check it at home.
ECG signal taken from a person is amplified and  Affordable system.
converted to digital output from analog value  Temperature and Heartbeat monitoring by a
and then analyzed into a normal (or) abnormal single device
heart condition. This prototype has Arduino  A single person can monitor all Patients.
Connected with ECG Sensor [9]. The processed  This system also helps with the Hospital
Data from the Arduino is sent to Webserver and monitoring system.
Mobile App.
Applications
METHODOLOGY
Existing System  Very compatible and it is very use full in
medical camps.
In Today’s world for patients who stay
 Useful in hospitals as it reduces the heavy
in the home during post-operational days, one
equipment.
has to oversee his/her recovery. One can’t
 Useful in taking care of disabled persons.
observe the patient 24/7, in which case the
observation may not be accomplished. If the
guardian/attendant is not on the premises, causes SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION
more risk. Whenever the patient’s condition is Arduino IDE
critical, it may not be possible to get a medical
Arduino IDE is software available for
checkup. And also, it will be easier for the
doctor to assess the patient’s condition if the programming Arduino boards and for compiling
code. IDE stands for Integrated Development
recorded data is available. The cost is one of the
Environment, in which the code can be
factors in the existing system because to get
developed to program an Arduino board. This
continuous monitoring the hospital may charge a
software can be installed from the official
huge amount, which is not possible for the
person to pay. website of Arduino.
Drawbacks:
Things Speak
 Patient data is not exchanged continuously.
 The patient needs to attend every checkup. Things Speak is an IOT platform. This
 The critical condition is unknown. platform can be used to store the data from the
Arduino and represent it in required graphs. The
Proposed System stored data can be further used for processing. Its
functionality is very simple and it supports
Constantly monitoring and watching the hardware of choice. Alternatives for the Things
health parameters like heartbeat, and many Speak website are Android applications, in

27 Page 26-32 © MAT Journals 2023. All Rights Reserved

 Journal of Volume-8, Issue-2 (May-August, 2023)
Digital Integrated Circuits in Electrical Devices

www.matjournals.com https://doi.org/10.46610/JDICED.2023.v08i02.004

which monthly maintenance is required. Atmega328 microcontroller. Arduino can be

programmed through a USB interface. The
HARDWARE DESCRIPTION software to program an Arduino is available
freely. Arduino UNO has 6 analog and 14 digital
For the hardware implementation of our I/O pins for data transmission. It can be
system, the major components are Arduino, programmed using C and C++ languages. The
AD8232 Sensor, and GSM module. boards are designed in such a way that they can
be easily programmed and compiled. It takes
Arduino some skill to learn these languages. Arduino
UNO is shown in Fig.1.
Arduino is an open-source IOT
platform. Arduino UNO mainly consists of an

Figure 1: Arduino UNO.

AD8232 (ECG) Sensor Electrocardiogram. While obtaining ECG, the

plot may have noise recorded. An op-amp,
ECG monitoring sensor is based on which is in-built into the AD8232 sensor, is used
AD8232 Analog device IC. This sensor is very to reduce the noise. For further processing and
cost-effective to measure the heart’s electrical transmitting, the sensor can be connected to
activity. The electrical activity is in analog Arduino/Raspberry Pi, etc. AD8232 Sensor is
output and can be plotted as an ECG (or) shown in Fig. 2.

Figure 2: AD8232 sensor.

28 Page 26-32 © MAT Journals 2023. All Rights Reserved

 Journal of Volume-8, Issue-2 (May-August, 2023)
Digital Integrated Circuits in Electrical Devices

www.matjournals.com https://doi.org/10.46610/JDICED.2023.v08i02.004

GSM/GPRS Module GSM module can be used where WI-FI

is not available. As network signal is densely
GSM modules are generally used for available across many areas, GSM/GPRS
communication and data transmission purposes. module is preferred. Only an Activated Sim is
A GPRS module can be used to establish required for the GSM module to operate. The
communication between a microcontroller (a hardware view of the GSM Module is shown in
microprocessor) and the GPRS network. Fig. 3.

Figure 3: Hardware view of GSM module.

Power Supply the Below Circuit. The circuit consists of a

rectifier, capacitors and variable resistors, and a
The power supply needed for all the voltage regulator (LM317). A voltage regulator
components used in this system is a DC supply. is used to get constant voltage from variable
AC supply is available for usage. To get a DC voltage. The Circuit Diagram of AC to DC
supply, we are converting AC to Dc power using Converter is shown in Fig. 4.

Figure 4: Circuit diagram of AC to DC converter.

IMPLEMENTATION activity generated during a heartbeat. Here we

are using 3 electrodes for measuring the signal.
The ECG sensor cables are connected to The data collected by the AD8232 (ECG) Sensor
the human body and the power received by the is sent to the Arduino for processing. A 9 or 12v
ECG sensor is from Arduino 3.3v. The placed DC battery powers the Arduino. The processed
electrodes on the body can record the electric data is sent to the IoT (Things Speak website)

29 Page 26-32 © MAT Journals 2023. All Rights Reserved

 Journal of Volume-8, Issue-2 (May-August, 2023)
Digital Integrated Circuits in Electrical Devices

www.matjournals.com https://doi.org/10.46610/JDICED.2023.v08i02.004

through the help of the GSM/GPRS module. analyzed by the doctor to determine the patient’s
Even though the GSM module is slow, it can heart condition. The printed Circuit diagram of
work in no internet available areas also. While GSM based Heart Rhythm monitoring system is
uploading data the LCD screen shows whether shown in Fig. 5.
the data is transmitting or not. The data can be

Figure 5: Circuit diagram of GSM-based heart rhythm monitoring system.

The hardware implementation of the using an ECG Sensor is shown in Fig. 6.

GSM-based heart rhythm monitoring system

Figure 6: Hardware implementation.

30 Page 26-32 © MAT Journals 2023. All Rights Reserved

 Journal of Volume-8, Issue-2 (May-August, 2023)
Digital Integrated Circuits in Electrical Devices

www.matjournals.com https://doi.org/10.46610/JDICED.2023.v08i02.004

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Figure 7: Heart beat rate uploaded in thing speak server.

The Desired Results have been obtained. algorithms can be used to forecast heart
The Heart Beat Rate Uploaded in the Thing problems. Additionally, it has uses in the
Speak Server is shown in Fig. 7. The results are medical field and Biomedical engineering.
to show that all modules are working properly
without any data loss. The ECG values are ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
uploaded to the website by using the GSM
module. The data from Sensor is sent to Arduino It is very helpful for the Support and
and Arduino sends a signal to the GSM module helps our Guide Associate professor. Kampara
for Data Transfer. Ravisankar and other staff of the Electrical and
Electronics Engineering Department of Lendi
CONCLUSION Institute of Engineering and Technology. They
have helped us during every aspect of this
The only viable diagnostic tool that can project and gave us a platform to display our
encourage early detection of cardiac events is skills and dedication throughout this project.
heartbeat readings, which are one of the leading
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CITE THIS ARTICLE

Kampara Ravisankar, et al (2023). GSM Based Heart Rhythm Monitoring System Using ECG,
Journal of Digital Integrated Circuits in Electrical Devices, 8(2), 26-32.

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