Product information

ANCAMIDE 2386
Curing Agent

DESCRIPTION

Ancamide 2386 curing agent is a low-viscosity modified amidoamine. It is designed for use with liquid
epoxy resin or combination blends of liquid and solid epoxy resins to deliver highperformance coatings. It
can be used to formulate both high-solids and solvent-free coatings for airless spray application.

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

Property Value Unit Method

Appearance Amber liquid
Color 8 Gardner ASTM D 1544
Viscosity @ 77°F 340 cP ASTM D 445-83, Brookfield, RVTD, Spindle 4
Amine Value 364 mg KOH/g Perchloric Acid Titration
Specific Gravity @ 77°F 1.000 ASTM D 1475-85
Flash Point >200 °F Seta Flash Closed Cup
Equivalent Wt/{H} 93
Recommended use Level 49 PHR EEW=190

ADVANTAGES

• Long pot life with short thin film set time

• Excellent film formation and blush resistance
• Low viscosity
• Excellent corrosion resistance
• Very good low temperature cure
• Very good solvent resistance
• Good gloss

APPLICATIONS

• High-solids and 100% solids anticorrosive primers and basecoat enamels for industrial maintenance and
marine applications
• Topcoats for interior floor and wall paints

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 SHELF LIFE

At least 24 months from the date of manufacture in the original sealed container at ambient temperature.
Store away from excessive heat and humidity in tightly closed containers.

STORAGE AND HANDLING

Refer to the Safety Data Sheet for Ancamide 2386 curing agent.

TYPICAL CURE SCHEDULE

7 days at ambient temperature

TYPICAL HANDLING PROPERTIES*

Property Value Unit Method

Mixed Viscosity at 77°F 3,020 cP BK Drying Recorder
Gel Time (150g mix @ 77°F) 135 min Techne GT-4 Gelation Timer
Thin Film Set Time @ 77°F 8.5 h BK Drying Recorder

* Ancamide 2386 curing agent formulated with standard Bisphenol-A based (DGEBA, EEW=190) epoxy resin.

SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Ancamide 2386 curing agent can be readily formulated into high-performance, low-VOC anticorrosive
primers. The 40% PVC primer with liquid epoxy resin shown in Exhibit 1 was formulated to airless spray
viscosity using only 2.1 lb/gal VOC. This primer delivered excellent long term protection for steel with good
pot life and fast dry time.

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 EXHIBIT 1: STARTING FORMULATION ANCAMIDE 2386 ANTICORROSIVE PRIMER

A Side Pounds Gallons Supplier

Liquid Epoxy Resin 267.9 27.67 Dow, Resolution
MPA 1078 4.6 0.62 Rheox
TiPure R-900 26.8 0.82 DuPont
Wollastokup 10AS 281.4 11.60 Nyco
Xylene 36.7 5.08
Diacetone Alcohol 33.2 4.24
650.6 50.0
B Side
Ancamide 2386 132.7 15.89 Evonik
MPA 1078 4.6 0.62 Rheox
Beetle 216-8 17.2 2.04 Cytec
Red Iron Oxide 64.0 1.53 Mineral Tech
325 Mesh Talc 103.5 4.49 Cyprus
Zinc Phosphate 151.3 5.41 Mineral Tech
Wollastokup 10AS 114.6 4.73 Nyco
High Flash Naptha 111.2 15.26
698.1 50.0

Properties
VOC 2.08 lb/gal Pot Life 2 hrA
Volume Solids 72.0% Tack Free 2 hr
PVC 40% Dust Free 3 hr
A Viscosity 1500 cP Hard Dry Overnight
B Viscosity 3000 cP Mix Viscosity 1800 cP

(A) Time to have viscosity double

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 CORROSION TESTING
The primer was spray applied to shot blasted steel (2 mil profile) at 3-4 mil DFT then cured for 7 days at
25°C before testing. Testing included salt fog, prohesion, and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
(EIS). The salt fog test was run in accordance with ASTM B 117. The prohesion test involved a one hour
wet fog cycle at 25°C with a 0.35% ammonium sulfate / 0.05% sodium chloride solution followed by a one
hour dry cycle at 35°C. The panels were rated in accordance with ASTM D 1654. Electrochemical
Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) was evaluated by immersing test panels in 1M NaCl for 24 hours and
measuring the pore resistance. Pore resistance was re-measured after 1,000 hours of prohesion exposure.

ACCELERATED CORROSION TESTING RESULTS

Salt Fog 3,000 hr Field Rating 10

Scribe Rating 8
Prohesion 3,000 hr Field Rating 9
Scribe Rating 7

Ancamide 2386 primer delivered excellent corrosion protection in salt fog and prohesion testing.

ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY RESULTS

EIS measures the resistance of a coating to ion penetration (pore resistance). Corrosion is initiated by ions
diffusing through a coating to form an electrical circuit with the steel substrate. By measuring the coatings
resistance to ion penetration, EIS is an excellent predictor of the anticorrosive properties of the coating. A
good barrier coating should have a pore resistance of at least 107 ohms at a frequency of 10-1 Hz.
Coatings were tested before and after 1,000 hours of prohesion exposure by immersing them in a 1 M NaCl
solution for 24 hours and measuring pore resistance. Initial pore resistance > 108 ohms indicated excellent
barrier properties as shown in Figure 1. After 1,000 hours prohesion exposure, a slight increase in
resistance was observed, perhaps due to post curing in the prohesion cabinet. These
results indicate that the Ancamide 2386 primer will provide excellent corrosion protection for steel.

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 FIGURE 1: EIS ANALYSIS OF ANCAMIDE 2386 PRIMER

FORMULATING GUIDELINES

PIGMENTATION
Good results have been obtained using a combination of talc, wollastonite and zinc phosphate.
Conventional talcs may be used or low oil absorption talcs may be substituted to further reduce application
viscosity. Surface-treated wollastonite, such as Wollastokup 10AS, offers superior corrosion resistance
when compared with untreated wollastonite. A modest improvement in barrier properties can also be
achieved by grinding amine-treated wollastonite (10AS) into the epoxy and by grinding epoxy treated
wollastonite (10ES) into the curing agent. Fine particle size zinc phosphate has been an effective
anticorrosive pigment at a recommended loading of 1.5 pounds per gallon. Excellent results may also be
obtained using strontium zinc phosphosilicate (SZP 391) at 0.5 pounds per gallon. Red iron oxide and
titanium dioxide are included as hiding pigments. PVC levels of 35-40% are recommended to provide
maximum barrier properties while remaining safely below the CPVC.

SOLVENTS
Solvents were chosen to provide good solvating power while remaining HAPS-compliant. The principal
solvents are xylene and high flash naptha. A ketone solvent such as methyl propyl ketone (MPK) may be
added as 10% of the solvent mixture to speed solvent evaporation.

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 ANCAMIDE 2386 CURING AGENT REDUCES FORMULATION VOCS
Ancamide 2386 curing agent is very effective at modifying high-VOC formulations to reach compliance
while maintaining handling and performance. Exhibit 2A shows a typical high-VOC primer based on high
viscosity polyamide (Ancamide 220X70) and solid epoxy resin (DER 661). Features of this primer included
long pot life, fast dry time and good flexibility. However, at airless spray viscosity, the VOC was greater than
3.1 lb/gal.

EXHIBIT 2A: HIGH VOC ANTICORROSIVE PRIMER

A Side Pounds Gallons Supplier

DER 661X75 291.4 32.0 Dow
TiPure R 900 19.6 0.6 DuPont
Wollastokup 10AS 187.1 7.7 Nyco
PM Solvent 73.6 9.7 Dow
571.6 50.0
B Side
Ancamide 220X70 168.7 21.5 Evonik
Wollastekup 10AS 104.8 4.3 Nyco
Red Iron Oxide 46.9 1.1 Bayer
Beaverwhite 325 75.6 3.3 Cyprus
Zinc Phosphate 110.6 4.0 Heubach
PM Solvent 41.4 5.4 Dow
Super High Flash Naphtha 75.7 10.4 Ashland
623.7 50.0

Properties
VOC 3.14 lb/gal Pot Life 5 hr
Volume Solids 58% Set to Touch 20 min
PVC 36.5% Dust Free 75 min
A Viscosity 1570 cP Hard Dry Overnight
B Viscosity 970 cP Direct Impact 60 in lb
Mixed Viscosity 1300 cP Reverse Impact 6 in lb

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 ANCAMIDE 2386 MODIFICATION
By replacing a portion of the high viscosity binder with Ancamide 2386 and liquid epoxy, the VOC can be
reduced from > 3.1 lb/gal to < 2.7 lb/gal. In doing this, fast dry times are maintained. Pot life is actually
longer due to the low mixed viscosity of Ancamide 2386 curing agent. Volume solids are slightly higher
while PVC is held constant, and impact resistance indicates that much of the flexibility has been retained.

EXHIBIT 2B: STARTING FORMULATION ANCAMIDE 2386 MODIFIED ANTICORROSIVE PRIMER

A Side Pounds Gallons Supplier

DER 661X75 179.6 19.7 Dow
DER 331 107.8 11.1 Dow
TiPure R 900 21.8 0.7 DuPont
Wollastokup 10AS 196.1 8.1 Nyco
PM Solvent 79.1 10.4 Dow
584.3 50.0
B Side
Ancamide 2386 64.3 7.7 Evonik
Ancamide 220X70 64.3 8.2 Evonik
Wollastekup 10AS 125.9 5.2 Nyco
Red Iron Oxide 52.2 1.3 Bayer
Beaverwhite 325 84.2 3.7 Cyprus
Zinc Phosphate 123.1 4.4 Heubach
PM Solvent 43.0 5.7 Dow
Super High Flash Naphtha 72.9 10.0 Ashland
623.7 50.0

Properties
VOC 2.67 lb/gal Pot Life 7 hr
Volume Solids 64% Set to Touch 55 min
PVC 36.3% Dust Free 90 min
A Viscosity 990 cP Hard Dry Overnight
B Viscosity 1570 cP Direct Impact 32 in lb
Mixed Viscosity 950 cP Reverse Impact 2 in lb

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 ANCAMIDE 2386 IN GLOSS ENAMEL COATINGS
Ancamide 2386 curing agent exhibits excellent blush resistance, allowing the formulation of high gloss
enamels with zero induction time at ambient temperature. In addition, the low viscosity of Ancamide 2386
curing agent provides the formulating freedom to design fast-dry enamels or even solvent-free enamels
depending on the epoxy resin used. Exhibits 3 through 6 show a series of gloss enamels offering a range of
dry times, pot lives and VOC levels.
Exhibits 3 and 4 had starting formulations which were both high gloss and VOC-compliant (2.8 lb/gal) with
high solids and comparable fast dry times. The formulation in Exhibit 3 had a 1:1 mix ratio and utilized a
combination of liquid and solid resin. Exhibit 4 was a 4:1 mix ratio formulation utilizing solid resin only.

EXHIBIT 3: STARTING FORMULATION ANCAMIDE 2386 FAST DRY GLOSS ENAMEL 1:1

A Side Pounds Gallons Supplier

Liquid Epoxy Resin 198.4 20.49 Dow, Resolution
Solid Epoxy Resin 198.4 21.81 Dow, Resolution
PM Solvent 44.7 6.20
Methyl Propyl Ketone 10.2 1.50
451.7 50.0
B Side
Ancamide 2386 130.4 15.62 Evonik
Beetle 216-8 1.3 0.15 Cytec
PM Solvent 35.3 4.58
TiPure R 960 410.3 12.60 DuPont
n-Butanol 51.1 7.56
High Flash Naphtha 69.7 9.49
698.1 50.0

Properties
VOC 2.8 lb/gal Pot Life 3 hr
Weight Solids 75.9% Set to Touch 2.4 hr
Volume Solids 62.4% Dust Free 3 hr
A Viscosity 720 cP Hard Dry Overnight
B Viscosity 460 cP 60° Gloss > 90
Mixed Viscosity 500 cP

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 EXHIBIT 4: STARTING FORMULATION ANCAMIDE 2386 FAST DRY GLOSS ENAMEL 4:1

A Side Pounds Gallons Supplier

DER 660PA80 480.4 52.32 Dow
Nuosperse 657 3.6 0.43 Hüls
Beetle 216-8 2.9 0.34 Cyanamid
TiPure R 960 336.3 10.32 DuPont
High Flash Naphtha 64.9 8.82 Ashland
Methyl Propyl Ketone 14.4 2.12 Eastman
945.7 80.0
B Side
Ancamide 2386 110.1 13.20 Evonik
n-Butanol 45.6 6.80 Ashland
155.7 20.0

Properties
VOC 2.8 lb/gal Pot Life 3 hr
Weight Solids 75.7% Set to Touch 2.4 hr
Volume Solids 62.3% Dust Free 3 hr
A Viscosity 1420 cP Hard Dry Overnight
B Viscosity 70 cP 60° Gloss > 90
Mixed Viscosity 700 cP

Exhibits 5 and 6 were solvent-free formulations, one using liquid epoxy resin and the other using liquid
epoxy resin modified with trimethylolpropane triacrylate. Both had a 1:1 mix ratio and high gloss. Gloss was
enhanced in the solvent-free systems with the use of Epodil L diluent in combination with benzyl alcohol.

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 EXHIBIT 5: STARTING FORMULATION ANCAMIDE 2386 SOLVENT-FREE ENAMEL

A Side Pounds Gallons Supplier

DER 331 464.3 47.3 Dow
Epodil L 17.2 2.05 Evonik
481.5 50.00
B Side
Ancamide 2386 234.6 28.1 Evonik
Benzyl Alcohol 46.9 5.4 Kalama
Epodil L 39.1 4.5 Evonik
TiPure R 960 400.4 12.0 DuPont
721.0 50.0

Properties
VOC 0.9 lb/galB Pot Life 60 min
Weight Solids 94% Set to Touch 13 hr
Volume Solids 92% Hard Dry 26 hr
A Viscosity 9000 cP 60° Gloss > 90
B Viscosity 2000 cP
Mixed Viscosity 2800 cP

(B) Theoretical

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 EXHIBIT 6: STARTING FORMULATION ANCAMIDE 2386 SOLVENT-FREE GLOSS ENAMEL:
ACRYLATE MODIFIED

A Side Pounds Gallons Supplier

DER 331 336.9 34.8 Dow
Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate 84.2 9.1 Sartomer
Epodil L 50.9 6.1 Evonik
472.0 50.00
B Side
Ancamide 2386 250.3 30.0 Evonik
Benzyl Alcohol 54.2 6.2 Kalama
Epodil L 15.9 1.8 Evonik
TiPure R 960 400.4 12.0 Ashland
720.8 50.0

Properties
VOC 1.3 lb/gal2 Pot Life 45 min
Weight Solids 93% Set to Touch 3 hr
Volume Solids 90% Hard Dry 7 hr
A Viscosity 2700 cP 60° Gloss > 90
B Viscosity 2500 cP
Mixed Viscosity 1900 cP

Table 1 shows some of the comparative properties of the unmodified formulation and the TMPTA modified
formulation. The acrylate modification resulted in a slightly softer film with higher flexibility and a slight
improvement in abrasion resistance at the expense of reduced corrosion resistance.

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 TABLE 1: ANCAMIDE 2386 SOLVENT-FREE ENAMELS: COMPARATIVE PROPERTIES

Abrasion Resistancea 500 hr Humidityb Köenig Hardness Direct Impact

Unmodified 100 mg loss No Effect 108 14 in lb
Acrylate Modified 90 mg loss 8 Few Blisters 87 20 in lb

(a) Taber Abrasion, CS 17, 1 Kg weight, 1,000 cycles

(b) Cleveland Humidity, constant humidity, 40°C

ACRYLATE MONOMER: EFFECT ON DRY TIME

The use of acrylate significantly decreased the dry time of the film, reducing the set-to-touch time from 13
hours to 3 hours and the hard dry time from 26 hours to 7 hours from the unmodified formulation while
maintaining most of the pot life. Figure 2 shows the decrease in tack free time as the acrylate loading
increases.

FIGURE 2:

% TMPTA is based on total weight of TMPTA + epoxy resin. Dry time can be accelerated by increasing the
TMPTA level to a maximum of 20%. Higher loadings of TMPTA will result in reduced chemical resistance.
TMPTA levels above 20% are not recommended.

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 CHEMICAL RESISTANCE OF SOLVENT-FREE COATINGS
Saturated cotton balls were placed on cured coatings and covered during exposure. Pencil hardness and
appearance were noted at 0 time and after 1 hour, 6 hours and 24 hours exposure. As shown in the tables
below, the unmodified formulation had excellent short term chemical resistance. Modification with
trimethylolpropane triacrylate reduced resistance to both solvents and acids.

UNMODIFIED FORMULATION

0 Time 1 Hr 6 Hr 24 Hr Appearance
Toluene 2H 2H 2H 2H No Effect
MIBK 2H 2H 6M Blisters Cracking Destroyed
10% Acetic 2H 2H H HB Slight Softening
10% Lactic 2H 2H 2H H Very Slight
Softening
70% Sulfuric 2H 2H 2H 2H Discoloration
50% NaOH 2H 2H 2H 2H No Effect

ACRYLATE MODIFIED FORMULATION

0 Time 1 Hr 6 Hr 24 Hr Appearance
Toluene HB 2B 4D Blisters Cracking Destroyed
MIBK HB 6B 4D Blisters Cracking Destroyed
10% Acetic HB 2B 8F Blisters 6M Blisters Destroyed
10% Lactic HB B 2B 3B Slight
Discoloration
70% Sulfuric HB HB HB HB Discoloration
50% NaOH HB HB HB HB No Effect

GENERAL CHEMICAL RESISTANCE

The liquid epoxy resin cured for 7 days with Ancamide 2386 curing agent showed excellent overall
chemical resistance and significantly exceeded typical amidoamine curing agent results. Table 2 shows
short and medium-term results for immersion testing in accordance with ASTM D543 where 1“ x 3“ of 1/8“
thick castings were immersed in the specified reagents and measured for weight gain.

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 TABLE 2: ANCAMIDE 2386 CHEMICAL RESISTANCE — % WEIGHT GAIN

Reagent 1 Day 3 Days 7 Days 28 Days 90 Days

10% sulfuric 0.36 0.60 0.89 1.78 2.83
70% sulfuric 0.14 0.32 0.46 0.84 1.28
Water 0.17 0.35 0.57 1.13 1.74
Butyl Cellosolve 0.20 0.45 0.96 4.75 6.32
MEK 12.41 D D D D
10% Acetic Acid 1.43 2.49 3.75 6.83 10.39
10% Lactic Acid 0.53 0.98 1.53 2.88 4.52
Toluene 1.17 5.30 11.45 D D
40% Nitric Acid 2.28 4.50 8.04 D D
Ethanol 1.48 2.67 3.88 6.77 10.30
10% HCl 0.21 0.37 0.59 1.21 1.93
1,1,1 Trichloroethane 0.26 0.82 1.61 3.74 5.79

Ancamide is a registered trademark of Evonik Industries AG or one of its subsidiaries.

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This information and any recommendations, technical or otherwise, are presented in good faith and believed to be correct as of the date prepared. Recipients of this
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